Wikicars - User contributions [en]

Wikicars:General disclaimer

2009-05-11T21:15:24Z

207.212.173.2:

Wikicars is a collaborative editing project for and by car-lovers. In its early incarnation, some or all of the copy on many articles may be from Wikipedia, whose text is available under the [http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html GNU Free Documentation License].

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[http://www.internetbrands.com/ib/privacy/enthusiasts?site=Wikicars.org WIKICARS PRIVACY POLICY]
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Wikicars:Privacy policy

2009-05-11T21:14:25Z

207.212.173.2:

[http://www.internetbrands.com/ib/privacy/enthusiasts?site=Wikicars.org WIKICARS PRIVACY POLICY]

[http://www.internetbrands.com/ib/terms/enthusiasts?site=Wikicars.org WIKICARS TERMS OF USE]

Ford Expedition

2008-08-20T22:15:59Z

207.212.173.2: /* External links */

[[Image:08 EL.jpg|right|thumb|450px|2008 Ford Expedition's]]
The '''Ford Expedition''' is a fullsize [[SUV]] built by the [[Ford|Ford Motor Company]]. Introduced in 1997 and redesigned for 2003 and again for 2007, it slots between the smaller [[Ford Explorer]], and the now discontinued [[Ford Excursion]]. The Expedition offers up to nine passenger seating and a range of [[V8]] engines. It is similar to the [[Lincoln Navigator]], especially for 2004 with the introduction of the ''Limited'' trim line. One million Expeditions have sold since 2004, reflecting high consumer demand for its family-friendly interior, cargo space, and high towing capacity. A specially modified ''Special Service Vehicle'' version is also available from Ford for law enforcement. All Expeditions are built in Wayne, Michigan. This SUV (especially the larger EL model for 2007) is once again Ford's top-of-the-line SUV.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Ford Expedition Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
The Expedition has been completely redesigned for the 2007 model year. The new model resembles the trucks from its [[Ford F-Series|F-Series]], with a three-bar grille, large headlights, and domed hood. The biggest difference, however, may be in its dimensions. The 2007 Expedition offers a choice between the stock model and an EL, or Extended Length, version, which lengthens the wheelbase by 12" and increases cargo capacity by 24 cubic feet.

===Styles and Major Options===
The 2007 Expedition is available in two body styles and three trims. Buyers may choose from the base length model or an EL (Extended Length) version, and both body styles are offered in XLT, Eddie Bauer, and Limited trims. In addition, all models are powered by the same 5.4L 300[[hp]] [[V8]] engine, and both [[rear wheel drive]] and [[four wheel drive]] are available on all models. The EL naturally offers standard 8-person seating and more cargo room. Some of the standout features available by trim include:

'''XLT'''
*17" silver alloy wheels
*8-way (6-way power) driver's seat
*Cloth seating
*Manual air conditioning
*6-speaker AM/FM/MP3/CD audio system
*Cruise control
*Power windows, locks, and mirrors

'''Eddie Bauer'''
[[image:2007_Expedition_redonrocks.jpg|right|thumb|07 Expedition EL|350px]]
Adds to or replaces XLT features with:
*6-way power driver/passenger seats with driver seat memory
*Leather seating
*Simulated wood dashboard insert and shift knob
*Automatic A/C with separate rear controls
*Full overhead console with storage
*7-speaker Audiophile AM/FM/MP3/in-dash 6cd changer audio system
*Trip computer
*Leather steering wheel

'''Limited'''

Adds to or replaces Eddie Bauer features with:
*18" alloy wheels
*8-way power heated front seats w/driver seat memory
*Leather/genuine wood steering wheel
*Body-colored bodyside cladding, fender flares, and grille moldings

===Pricing===
Today's actual prices for the [[Ford]] Expedition can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/ford/expedition/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=6>
'''Expedition Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
XLT [[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
XLT [[4WD]]
</td>
<td>
Eddie Bauer [[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
Eddie Bauer [[4WD]]
</td>
<td>
Limited [[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
Limited [[4WD]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=6>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$29,175
</td>
<td>
$32,075
</td>
<td>
$35,575
</td>
<td>
$38,475
</td>
<td>
$37,025
</td>
<td>
$39,925
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=6>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$27,042
</td>
<td>
$29,652
</td>
<td>
$32,624
</td>
<td>
$35,220
</td>
<td>
$33,738
</td>
<td>
$36,319
</td>
</tr>
</table>

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=6>
'''Expedition EL Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
EL XLT [[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
EL XLT [[4WD]]
</td>
<td>
EL Eddie Bauer [[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
EL Eddie Bauer [[4WD]]
</td>
<td>
EL Limited [[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
EL Limited [[4WD]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=6>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$33,625
</td>
<td>
$36,525
</td>
<td>
$38,225
</td>
<td>
$41,125
</td>
<td>
$39,675
</td>
<td>
$42,575
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=6>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$31,073
</td>
<td>
$33,683
</td>
<td>
$35,022
</td>
<td>
$37,617
</td>
<td>
$36,121
</td>
<td>
$38,702
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Gas Mileage===
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=1>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Full-Time [[4WD]]-[[RWD]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=1 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
14/20
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Reliability===
*'''RECALL ALERT:''' On February 11, 2008, Ford announced a recall affecting 124,000 Ford Expeditions and Lincoln Navigators built from 2007 to 2008 due to a spring system inside their door handles that could break. Ford is offering to replace the mechanism in all affected vehicles free of charge. [http://www.autoblog.com/2008/02/11/ford-recalling-180-000-vans-and-suvs-for-two-issues/]

*'''RECALL ALERT:''' On February 11, 2008, Ford announced another recall affecting 57,000 E-Series full-size vans and 2007 Expeditions and Navigators equipped with the 5.4L V8 due to a defective fuel rail crossover hose, which could crack and leak and potentially cause a fire. [http://www.autoblog.com/2008/02/11/ford-recalling-180-000-vans-and-suvs-for-two-issues/]

===Safety===
The 2007 Expedition was not tested for side-impact, but results on the [http://www.safercar.gov NHTSA] website show that it received 5-Star ratings for all front-impact crash tests. Additionally, the Expedition earned a 3-Star rating for [[2WD]] rollover and a 4-Star rating for [[4WD]].

Some of the standard safety features on the Expedition include:
*Traction control
*Front and rear anti-roll bars
*Four wheel [[anti-lock brakes]]
*Driver/passenger front- and side-impact [[airbag]]s
*Overhead safety canopy system
*Occupancy sensors
*Side impact bars

===Photos===
<gallery>
image:2007_Expedition_blackdrivingleft.jpg
image:2007_Expedition_EL_redleft.jpg
image:2007_Expedition_frontinterior.jpg
</gallery>

===Colors===
Colors will vary by trim, but a complete list is viewable at [http://www.carsdirect.com/ford/expedition/colors CarsDirect.com.] Some of the available choices are:
[[image:2007_Expedition_blackleft.jpg|right|thumb|2007 Expedition in Black|350px]]
'''Exterior'''
*Black Clearcoat
*Dark Blue Pearl Clearcoat Metallic
*Oxford White Clearcoat
*Redfire Clearcoat Metallic
*White Sand Tri-Coat Metallic

'''Interior'''
*Camel
*Camel/Gray stone
*Charcoal Black/Camel
*Stone

===Main Competitors===
*[[Nissan Armada]]
*[[Toyota Sequoia]]
*[[Chevrolet Tahoe]]
*[[GMC Yukon]]
*[[Toyota Land Cruiser]]
*[[Chevrolet Avalanche]]

==Hybrid Models==
There are no [[hybrid]] models of the expedition in production at this time. [[Ford]] does however, produce a [[hybrid]] version of the [[Ford Escape|Escape]], the [[Ford Escape Hybrid]].

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==
According to [http://www.kbb.com Kelley Bue Book,] "over a five-year period, Kelley Blue Book expects the Expedition to retain only an average residual value rating, behind that of the [[Chevrolet Tahoe]], [[Toyota Sequoia]] and [[Nissan]] Pathfinder, but on par with the Dodge Durango.

==Criticisms==
*"We've never been big fans of the Expedition, finding it unwieldy and ponderous to drive." - Automobile
*"Front seats offer a myriad of power adjustments, but I had trouble finding a comfortable setting." - New Car Test Drive
*"...emergency handling maneuvers reveal the effects of Expedition's 4,900-pound or higher curb weight." - Edmunds.com
*"...comfortable seating in the first two rows;... [but] the third row is cramped for all but smaller children." - New Car Test Drive
*"If you really need the use of the third-row seat and need to load a lot of cargo, you may be better off with the longer Chevrolet Suburban or a used Ford Excursion." - Kelley Blue Book

==Current Generation: (2007–present)==
[[Image:1-27-0607-Expedition-S.jpg|right|thumb|350px|2007 Ford Expedition EL — Replaces the discontinued [[Ford Excursion|Excursion]]]]

For 2007, the Expedition will be redesigned, utilizing the T1 platform originally launched with the [[Ford F-Series|F-150]]. The new platform provides 10% more torsional rigidity than the previous model, and includes the independent rear suspension. As in previous years, the Expedition is powered by the 5.4 L Triton V8 engine, rated at 300 [[HP|hp]] and 365 lbf·ft (495 N·m) of torque, which when properly equipped can tow up to 9,100 lb (4,130 kg). In addition, a 4.6 L V8 gas-electric [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]], rated the same for both power and torgue as the 5.4 L, and a 4.5 L V8 diesel engine, rated at 300+ [[HP|hp]] and 450 lbf·ft, will be evailable for the 2007 lineup.

An extended-wheelbase version of the Expedition, called the '''Expedition ''EL''''' (for "extended length"), will replace the cancelled [[Ford Excursion|Excursion]], and is expected to compete more effectively with the [[Chevrolet Suburban]] and [[GMC Yukon]] XL. The Expedition EL is about 15.8 in (40 cm) longer than the standard Expedition, for a total of approximately 222 in (18.5 feet or 563 cm), and has a 131 in (333 cm) wheelbase, producing 24 ft³ of additional cargo space over the standard 119 in (302 cm) wheelbase model. It is scheduled to be launched with the standard wheelbase 2007 Expedition in summer 2006. The Expedition EL can be distinguished by its longer rear-quarter windows; and the rear passenger doors do not cut into the aft wheel well trim.

The 2007 Expedition was unveiled at the Houston Auto Show rather than at Detroit, Los Angeles, or New York where most new models are, as 20% of all Expedition sales are in Texas. The first 2007 Expedition to roll off a Ford assembly line was donated by Ford to the Peter family of Jamaica, Queens as part of an episode of the ABC series ''Extreme Makeover: Home Edition'' that aired May 7, 2006.

==Previous Generations==
==Second generation (2003-2006)==
[[Image:06 Expedition.jpg|right|Second Genration Expedition|thumb|300px]]
For 2003 The Expedition was All-New from the ground up also new for 2003 was the Ford U platform for 8,300 lb (3,800 kg) towing and a more refined ride. Popular new features included power folding third-row seats and turn-signal mirror lights.

The base 4.6 L V8 engine was dropped in 2005 as the 5.4 L V8 was updated with 24-valve technology.

''AdvanceTrac®'' with ''Roll Stability Control™'' is optional for 2005.

The Expedition uses the code ''U1'' in the 5th and 6th positions of the VIN.

Engines:
*[[Ford Modular engine#4.6|4.6L V8]], 232[[hp]] 2003-2005
*[[Ford Modular engine#5.4|5.4L V8]], 260[[hp]] 2003-2005
*[[Ford Modular engine#3-valve|5.4L 3-valve V8]], 300[[hp]] 2005-2006

==First Generation/Origins (1997-2002)==
[[Image:02 Expedition.jpg|thumb|right|300px|First Generation Expedition]]
The Expedition was designed to compete with both the larger [[Chevrolet Suburban]], and the smaller [[Chevrolet Tahoe]] and [[GMC Yukon]], as well as the [[Toyota Land Cruiser]] (despite being in a different class). It replaced the fullsize [[Ford Bronco]]. Seating capacity ranged up to nine passengers with the third-row rear seat option, and the Expedition could tow 8,000 lb (3,600 kg). The Expedition was refreshed in 1999 with more power and updated trim.

Engines:
* [[Ford Modular engine#4.6|4.6 L V8]], 215 [[HP|hp]] 1997-1998
* [[Ford Modular engine#4.6|4.6 L V8]], 240 [[HP|hp]] 1999-2004
* [[Ford Modular engine#5.4|5.4 L V8]], 230 [[HP|hp]] 1997-1998
* [[Ford Modular engine#5.4|5.4 L V8]], 260 [[HP|hp]] 1999-2002

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==

==See also==
*[[Lincoln Navigator]]
*[[Ford Motor Company]]
*[[Ford-Eddie Bauer contract]]

{{Ford}}

==External links==
*Ford Expedition official websites: [http://www.fordvehicles.com/suvs/expedition/ U.S.A.] | [http://www.ford.ca/main/default.asp?Language=en&section=1&sVehCategory=FordSUVs&Model=Expedition Canada]
*[http://www.cardomain.com/MakeModel/Ford/Expedition Ford Expedition pics at CarDomain]
*[http://pricinginsider.carsdirect.com/2008/08/20/2008-ford-expedition-3000-rebate/ 2008 Ford Expedition $3000 Rebate]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Expedition Ford Expedition], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ford_Expedition&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Current Models]]
[[Category:Ford vehicles|Expedition]]
[[Category:SUVs]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]

Toyota Tacoma

2008-08-20T14:21:34Z

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The '''[[Toyota]] Tacoma''' is one of the best selling compact pick-up trucks available in the U.S. It is manufactured at the NUMMI plant in California, which also makes the [[Toyota Corolla]] and is known for high quality and employee involvement. The Tacoma, which is an Indian word for Mount Rainer, was originally introduced in the U.S. market in 1995 in an effort by the [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]] to compete more aggressively in the compact truck market. Since its introduction, the Tacoma has been through several iterations and even named "Best Vehicle on Earth" by 160 different countries, the latest major upgrades occuring in 2005 which earned it '''Motor Trend''''s "''Truck of the Year''" award.

See WikiCars' comprehensive [[Toyota Tacoma Review|'''Toyota Tacoma Review''']].
[[Image:Tacoma.jpg|frame|'''2006 Toyota Tacoma''']]

===Styles and Major Options===
* The 2006 Toyota Tacoma comes in three body styles: Regular Cab, Access Cab (extended cab) and Double Cab (crew cab). Each is available with two-wheel or [[Four Wheel Drive|four-wheel drive]].

* The standard features on the regular cab include a CD player, a full-size spare tire and a tachometer.

* Standard features on the access cab include those on the regular cab plus bucket seats, air conditioning and a pair of rear access doors.

* The double cab has the same features as the access cab plus keyless entry and power windows, locks and mirrors.

* Tacomas are also available in a "PreRunner" version, which is a 2WD model that has the looks and heavy-duty suspension of the [[Four Wheel Drive|4WD]] models.

* The optional SR5 package features color-keyed and chrome trim, intermittent wipers and upgraded interior trim.

* The available TRD Sport package includes performance suspension and upgraded tires, while the TRD Off-Road package features meaty tires, heavy-duty off-road suspension, and an electrically controlled locking rear differential.

===Pricing===
2006 4x2 Regular Cab
* Base MSRP: $14,585
* Base PreRunner MSRP: $15,455

2006 4x2 Access Cab
* Base MSRP: $18,025
* PreRunner 4 cyl. MSRP: $18,785
* PreRunner 6 cyl. MSRP: $20,240
* X-Runner MSRP: $24,350

2006 4x2 Double Cab
* PreRunner 127.8 inch wheelbase MSRP: $22,845
* PreRunner 140.9 inch wheelbase MSRP: $23,345

2006 [[Four Wheel Drive|4x4]] Regular Cab
* Base MSRP: $18,530

2006 [[Four Wheel Drive|4x4]] Access Cab
* Base 4 cyl. MSRP: $21,860
* Base 6 cyl. MSRP: $23,415

2006 [[Four Wheel Drive|4x4]] Double Cab
* Base 127.8 inch wheelbase MSRP: $25,040
* Base 140.9 inch wheelbase MSRP: $26,420

Today's actual prices by city can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/toyota/tacoma CarsDirect].

===Gas Mileage===
EPA estimates [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/bymodel/2006_Toyota_Tacoma.shtml].
<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccf>
<td colspan=10>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=fffccc>
<td>
2WD 4cyl. Auto
</td>
<td>
2WD 4-cyl. Manual
</td>
<td>
2WD 6cyl. Auto
</td>
<td>
2WD 6cyl. Manual
</td>
<td>
[[Four Wheel Drive|4WD]] 4cyl. Auto
</td>
<td>
[[Four Wheel Drive|4WD]] 4cyl. Manual
</td>
<td>
[[Four Wheel Drive|4WD]] 6cyl. Auto
</td>
<td>
[[Four Wheel Drive|4WD]] 6cyl. Manual
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccf>
<td colspan=10>
'''Gas Mileage'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=10>
''City''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=fffccc>
<td>
21
</td>
<td>
20
</td>
<td>
18
</td>
<td>
16
</td>
<td>
N/A
</td>
<td>
19
</td>
<td>
17
</td>
<td>
16
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=10>
''Highway''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=fffccc>
<td>
26
</td>
<td>
27
</td>
<td>
22
</td>
<td>
21
</td>
<td>
N/A
</td>
<td>
23
</td>
<td>
21
</td>
<td>
20
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Reliability===
[http://jdpower.com/autos/build/index.asp?make=Toyota JD Power and Associates] give the 2005 an overall quality rating of 3 out of 5, indicating that it is about average for others in it's class. 2006 data is not currently avaiable.

===Safety===
Standard safety features include:
* Driver and front passenger airbags with Advanced Airbag System
* 4-wheel Anti-lock Brake System ([[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]]) with Electronic Brake-force Distribution ([[Electronic Brake-Force Distribution|EBD]]) and Brake Assist
* Driver and front passenger seatbelts with pretensioner, force limiters and adjustable shoulder anchors
* 3-point seatbelts in all front seating positions with driver-side Emergency Locking Retractor (ELR) and front passenger [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]]/Emergency Locking Retractor (ALR/ELR)
* 3-point seatbelts with ELR and ALR in all rear seating positions
* Side-impact door beams in all doors
* Child Restraint System (CRS) lower anchors -- front passenger seat on Regular Cab, front and rear passenger seat on Access Cab and rear outboard seats on Double Cab
* Child Restraint System (CRS) top tether anchors -- passenger and center front seat on Regular Cab with bench seat, passenger seat on Regular Cab with bucket seats, passenger seat on Access Cab and all rear seating positions on Double Cab
* Child-protector rear door locks
* Power window lockout

===Photos===
Exterior and interior photos of the 2006 Tacoma.[http://www.carsdirect.com/toyota/tacoma/pictures]

===Colors===
[http://www.carsdirect.com/toyota/tacoma/colors Colors] vary by trim but include:
* Super White
* Radiant Red
* Indigo Ink Pearl
* Desert Sand Mica
* Black Sand Pearl
* Silver Streak Mica
* Speedway Blue
* Impulse Red Pearl

===Main Competitors===
Main competitors in the compact truck market include:
* [[Chevrolet Colorado]]
* [[Dodge Dakota]]
* [[Ford Ranger]]
* [[GMC Canyon]]
* [[Mazda B2300]]
* [[Mitsubishi Raider]]
* [[Nissan Frontier]]

==Unique Attributes==
In addition to its rugged off-road models, Toyota developed a high performance version of the Tacoma, the X-Runner. The X-Runner name comes from its exclusive "X-braced" reinforced frame that provides enhanced rigidity. This sports-truck is powered by a 245-[[HP|horsepower]] 4.0-liter [[V6|V6]] engine, which allows for acceleration form zero-to-60 in under seven seconds. The X-Runner has full ground effects surrounding the vehicle, a hood scoop, and integrated fog lamps. It is only offered in three colors: Radiant Red, Black Sand, and Speedway Blue. The X-Runner suspension was lowered one inch versus the standard Tacoma frame and comes with 255/45R18 Bridgestone Potenza performance tires on 18-inch alloy wheels.

==Resale Values==
Toyota dealers generally won't haggle too much on price but because of Tacoma's reputation for quality and reliability, late model used Tacoma's sell for almost as much as new ones.

==Criticisms==

Older Tacomas (1995-2004) are prone to frame rust. There are many trucks whose body shows almost no rust but whose frame is rusted beyond repair. In addition to being potentially dangerous, this can cause the truck to fail a state safety inspection.

The rust is typically worst near the spot where the front of the rear leaf spring connects to the frame. If you are considering purchasing an older Tacoma, inspect this area!

On March 8 2008, Toyota announced an Extended Warranty program for Tacomas 1995-2000. This extended warranty specifically covers the frame rust problem, and extends coverage to 15 years. Upon inspection, Toyota is purchasing the vehicles back from the owners for 150% of the Kelly Blue Book retail value for an excellent condition Tacoma.

Toyota learned of this problem by concerned owners contacting them directly regarding this perforation rust on the frame. Unfortunately for some of these owners, who had to either sell or scrap their vehicles due to the damage, Toyota refuses to extend any type of compensation, although Toyota had been contacted regarding the rust damage to these individuals trucks, and developed this "Customer Care" program specifically due to their complaints.

==Current Generation: (2005–present)==
* The new Tacoma’s are larger than the previous generation. The Regular Cab 4x2 models are built on a new 109.4-inch wheelbase (an increase of 5.9-inches). The 4x2 Access Cab models are on a 127.2-inch wheelbase (an increase of 5.3-inches). The new Double Cab long-bed models are on a 140.9-inch wheelbase.

* Front and rear track have been widened by nearly four inches.

* The Tacoma Access Cab models received new dual rear access doors.

* Rear doors on Double Cab models are more than three inches longer than before and open to 80 degrees.

The double cab models also feature overall less interior room than it's primary competior the Nissan Frontier

* Tacoma offers a stronger, stiffer chassis and improved maneuverability.

* New suspension and steering tuning improve off-road performance and on-road ride and handling.

* Two new engines are available: a new 2.7-liter VVT-i [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] four-cylinder engine that produces 164 [[HP|horsepower]] and 183 lb-ft. of torque and a revised 4.0-liter VVT-i [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] [[V6|V6]] that produces 245 [[HP|horsepower]] and 282 lb-ft. of torque (replacing the 190-[[HP|hp]] 3.4-liter [[V6|V6]] in the 2004 models). Both feature a new Electronic Throttle Control System with intelligence (ETCS-i) that helps improve performance and fuel economy.

* Towing capacity improved with the [[V6|V6]]-models which can now tow up to 6,500 pounds, a 30-percent increase over the 5,000-lb towing capacity of the 2004 [[V6|V6]] models.

===First generation (1995-2004)===
* The all-new model had a driver-side airbag, and featured new interior and exterior styling.

* Tacoma had three engines available, two 4-cylinders and a [[V6|V6]]. The new engines included a 142-[[HP|horsepower]] dual-overhead-cam 2.4-liter, a 150-[[HP|horsepower]] dual-overhead-cam 2.7-liter, and a 190-[[HP|horsepower]] dual-overhead cam 3.4-liter [[V6|V6]].

* The Tacoma also came with a redesigned chassis and suspension and came with rack-and-pinion steering in place of the previous recirculating ball system.

* Later came a new off-road package that included a locking rear differential.

* In early 2000, the 4-door Double Cab was introduced with four front-opening doors and a 60/40 folding rear bench seat. All models got a restyled front end with a raised hood and prominent grille. Also added was a new S-Runner model--a manual-transmission [[V6|V6]] PreRunner Xtracab with stiffer springs, premium shock absorbers, color-keyed exterior, and special interior appointments.

===Origins===
The original Toyota pickup was the 1935 G1, which was a 1.5 ton stake-bed commercial truck. After World War II, Toyota returned with a compact pickup truck, the Toyopet Model SB. This remained in production from 1947 through 1963. Toyota entered the American market with the 1964 introduction of the Stout. It was larger than the similar Datsun and Mazda compact trucks at the time, and looked like a [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] C/K. The Hi-Lux name was coined in 1969, but it was a “highly-luxurious” vehicle only when compared to the Stout. The only body style was a regular cab short bed and all were rear-wheel drive. In 1975 the Hi-Lux name was dropped and replaced by “Pickup Truck.” There were many iterations of the “Pickup” Truck from the mid 70’s all the way up to 1995 when the Tacoma was introduced as Toyota’s ninth generation pickup.

Jeremy Clarkson famously tried to destroy an 80's Toyota Pickup in the hit show "Top Gear." He failed.

This pickup was available with a 2.4 Liter 4 Cylinder or 3.0 Liter V6. This truck rides were nice. It corners and handles like a lexus and gets 35-40 miles per gallon on a 2 wheel drive four cylinder.

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==
The 2005 redesigned Tacoma was named '''Motor Trend''' magazine's ''Truck of the Year'' for overall design, fuel efficiency and reliability.

==See also==
{{Toyota}}

==External Links==
* [http://www.toyota.com/tacoma/index.html Official Toyota Tacoma Website]
* [http://www.tacomaworld.com Tacoma World Forums]
* [http://www.tacomaterritory.com Tacoma Territiory]
* [http://www.customtacos.com CustomTacos]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Tacoma Toyota Tacoma], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toyota_Hilux&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Current Models]]
[[Category:Toyota Vehicles|Tacoma]]
[[Category:Trucks]]
[[Category:Compact Pickup Trucks]]
[[Category:Pickup Trucks]]
[[Category:All Wheel Drive Vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear Wheel Drive Vehicles]]
[[Category:1990s Automobiles]]
[[Category:2000s Automobiles]]

Honda Accord Hybrid

2008-04-23T21:50:17Z

207.212.173.2:

[[Image:accordhybrid.jpg|right|300px]]
The Honda Accord [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] was launched in 2005. EPA estimates are 25/34 mpg for city/highway driving. A real time mileage survey of more than [http://greenhybrid.com/compare/mileage/honda-accord.html 100 drivers] on [http://www.greenhybrid.com greenhybrid.com]confirms a blended average of 29.5 mpg. The Accord [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] somewhat competes with the [[Toyota Camry Hybrid]]. The two vehicles are reflective of the differing objectives of each respective automaker. The Camry [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] is clearly made for economy rather than power and performance. It has just 147 [[HP]] but manages EPA estimates mpg of 38/40.

The Accord [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] makes 253 [[HP]] from a 3.0L [[V6]] derived from the regular seventh-generation Accord and an electric motor with [[Integrated Motor Assist (IMA)]]™. Performance bests that of the naturally aspirated [[V6]] Accords. The Accord [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] can shut off 3 of the 6 cylinders under certain conditions for better fuel economy, a technology that Honda calls [[Variable Cylinder Management]] (VCM)™.

See WikiCars' comprehensive [[Honda Accord Hybrid Review|'''Honda Accord Hybrid Review''']].

==Recent Changes==
The [[Honda Accord]] [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] retains unique exterior styling elements, even after the 2006 model year freshening. The decklid spoiler, roof mounted whip antenna and aerodynamically styled alloy wheels remain. New is the revised dual exhaust with finished tips and another pair of [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] specific tailights.

==Styles and Major Options==
The [[Honda Accord]] [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] has one four-door sedan body style with front wheel drive.

'''Standard Equipment'''
* Air Conditioning
* [[Integrated Motor Assist (IMA)]]™
* [[Variable Cylinder Management]] (VCM)™
* Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)
* Daytime Running Lights (DRL)
* Power sunroof
* Perforated leather-wrapped steering wheel
* HomeLink® remote system
* Leather-trimmed interior
* Heated front seats
* 120-watt 6-speaker audio system with AM/FM/6-disc in-dash CD changer
* XM® Satellite Radio

'''Optional Equipment'''
* Honda Satellite-Linked [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] [[Navigation System|Navigation System]] - $2,000

'''Dealer Accessories'''
* Auto day/night rearview mirror with compass
* Cargo net
* Trunk tray
* Half nose mask
* Full nose mask
* Fenderwell trims
* Door visors
* Door edge guards
* Tow-hitch receiver
* Removable roof rack
* Roof rack attachment – ski/snowboard
* Roof rack attachment – bike
* Wheel locks
* Gold exhaust finisher
* Car cover
* Splash guards

==Pricing==
2006 Base MSRP of $30,990 (excludes delivery charge of $550). The U.S. [[Hybrid Tax Credits|Federal Income Tax Credit]] is $1,300 for models purchased prior to December 31, 2010.
<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#ccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=ffffcc>
<td>
Accord [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]]
</td>
<td>
Accord [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] w/[[Navigation System|Navigation]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=4 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''Price'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$30,990
</td>
<td>
$32,990
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$27,893.67
</td>
<td>
$29,690.94
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Gas Mileage==
<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#ccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=ffffcc>
<td>
FWD [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''Engine'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
3.0L [[V6|V-6]] w/IMA
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''MPG (City/Highway)'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
25/34
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Reliability==

==Safety==
* Daytime Running Lights ([[Daytime Running Lights|DRL]])
* 4 wheel disc [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)]]
* Front, dual stage [[airbag]]s (SRS)
* Front side-impact [[airbag]]s
* Side curtain [[airbag]]s
* [[Vehicle Stability Control]] (VSA®)
* 5 Star National Highway Traffic Safety Agency [http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/ NHTSA] crash test rating

==Photos==
[[Image:Accord Hybrid rear.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:Accord Hybrid Interior II.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:Accord Hybrid Interior IV.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:Accord Hybrid front.jpg|right|300px]]

==Colors==
'''Exterior'''
* Desert Mist Metallic
* Graphite Pearl
* Premium White Pearl
* Redondo Red Pearl
* Silver Frost Metallic

'''Interior'''
* Ivory
* Grey

==Unique Attributes==
The Accord [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] has 253 [[HP]], faster acceleration than the regular Accord [[V6|V6]] sedan from 0 to 60 miles per hour and better gas mileage figures. When coasting and cruising along at low speeds, the engine can operate on just three of [[V6|six cylinders]]. The engine shuts off at stoplights, restarting instantly when the driver releases the brake pedal, much like the [[Honda Insight]]. A separate compressor keeps air conditioning blowing when the engine is in its temporary off mode.

==Resale Values==

January 5, 2008: Purchased a pre-owned 2005 Honda Accord Hybrid for $17,000 with 33,500 miles on the odometer and no navigation. This price is comparable to non hybrid V6 Leather Accord listings in the area (Long Island - Coram, NY)

==Criticisms==
Fuel economy gains? What fuel economy gains? You won't really notice any if you compare EPA values from 4 cylinder models.

==Current Generation: (2005–present)==
The Accord Hybrid debuted in 2005, priced at the top of the [[Honda Accord|Accord]] lineup. It was restyled for 2006, to match the rest of the current generation [[Honda Accord|Accord]] models. This generation dates back to 2003. Notable differences are revised tailights and a dual exhaust with finished tips.

==Design quirks and oddities==
The Accord [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] wears an exclusive front chin spoiler, rear diffuser, tailights and rear decklid lip spoiler. [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] gauges supplement the interior. The [[V6|V-6]] engine with [[Integrated Motor Assist (IMA)]], operates somewhat similarly to the system used in the [[Honda Insight]]. In the Accord [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]], however, cylinder deactivation is utilized in low power conditions.

==Awards==
* Edmunds.com "Top Ten Most Fuel-Efficient Cars" for 2005
* Kiplinger's Best Fuel Economy [http://automobiles.honda.com/models/model_overview.asp?ModelName=Accord+Hybrid 2006]

{{Honda}}

==External Links==
*[http://www.greenhybrid.com/ GreenHybrid.com]
*[http://automobiles.honda.com/models/model_overview.asp?ModelName=Accord+Hybrid Official Accord Hybrid Site]
*[http://www.world.honda.com/ACCORD/ A full history of the Honda Accord]
*[http://www.steelcitysfinest.com/HondaAccordAd.htm Famous Honda Accord - The Cog - TV Advert]
*[http://www.carsdirect.com/research/honda/accord/2006/24_vp/reviews Honda Accord Review Summaries]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda_Accord_Hybrid Honda Accord Hybrid], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Honda_Accord_Hybrid&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Current Models]]

Plymouth Valiant

2007-08-31T18:53:02Z

207.212.173.2:

By Stanley Holt

The Plymouth Valiant was one of the most popular sedans in the United States for nearly 20 years. Launched as a 1960 model just as Detroit was rediscovering the small car, the Valiant earned a following with its efficient slant-six engine and cool styling. The Valiant went through four generations, spinning off popular variants like the Duster and the Barracuda, before being replaced in 1977 by the Plymouth Volare.

The Valiant was a hit overseas, as well. Plymouth was part of Chrysler back in the early 60s, and the Valiant was actually marketed as the Chrysler Valiant in Australia, South Africa, the UK and New Zealand, lasting until 1981 in those countries.

Thanks to its high volume (4 million sold) and reliable engine, there are still quite a few Valiants on the streets (or at least in the driveways) today.

[[Image:valiant-1963.jpg|frame|'''1963 Plymouth Valiant - The Prince of Cars''']]

===Gas Mileage===
EPA estimates [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/bymodel/2006_Honda_Accord.shtml].
* 4 Cylinder: 24/34
* 6 Cylinder: 20/29
* [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]]: 25/34

===Photos===
[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnTimelineTable.html Virtual-Museum's Valiant Timetable] has lots of photo links

[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnShowcase.html Virtual-Museum's collection of Valiant owner photos]

[http://www.valiant.org/images/images.html Valiant.org] has a ton of photos

===Main Competitors===
Detroit had produced few and lackluster compact cars during the 1950s, but Chevy, Ford and Chrysler all decided to turn that around at the same time. Chevy came out with the Corvair, Ford the Falcon (the original name for the Valiant!) and Plymouth (Chrysler) the Valiant. The Valiant was generally considered the most stylish of the three models, and it offered more overall space and better engine performance.

==Unique Attributes==
===Slant 6 Engine===
The Valiant's Slant 6 engine was shared with some other Chrysler-Plymouth models -- most notably, the Dodge Dart -- and its reputation for reliability gave the Valiant an advantage over other compact sedans. While the Slant 6 gets its name from the 30-degree tilt of its cylinders, it was excellent engineering behind the entire engine that made it more durable. The engine also earned a reputation for performance -- helped by early NASCAR victories -- although the competition caught up more quickly on that front.

===Styling===
The first Valiant made a big splash in large part because of its distinctive styling. Chrysler design chief Virgil Exner gave the Valiant a sporty but not muscle-car look that appealed to male and female shoppers alike, although even a Plymouth dealer at the time said it was a look "that took some getting used to". One owner reminisced about her beloved "Cricket" -- probably referring to the angled lines sculpted onto the front and rear fenders of the Valiant's first generation, as well as to the light-green color available on the 1960 model (although the Chrysler engineers preferred to call it "Kitchen Green"). Another signature feature was what owners affectionately called the "Toilet Seat", a raised circle on the back hood that made it look like there was a [http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/images/gallery/1960/pvvm_1960-valiant-100-4d-sedan__02.jpg spare tire] just underneath (there wasn't).

Ensuing generations of the core Valiant were not as radically different from the competition; beginnning in 1964, corporate's design creativity went more into trims and spinoffs like the Duster, Scamp and the Barracuda, each of which made a splash of its own thanks to distinctive styling.

==Criticisms==
Criticisms of the Plymouth Valiant are hard to come by now amid the nostalgia evoked by the car -- but here are a few:
* Neglect. Capitalizing on the Valiant's initial success, Chrysler focused style and feature innovations on spinoff models like the Duster and Barracuda, allowing the "traditional" 100, 200 and Signet trims to languish or disappear. While this approach made some marketing sense, it also made for many years of ho-hum Valiant trims. As the Honda Accord and Toyota have proven in the 30 years since the Valiant died, it is in fact possible to keep sales of core models strong over a long period of time by doing more convincing redesigns and adapting to changing consumer needs.

==1960==
The first '''Valiant''' appeared in 1959 as a 1960 model, and it wasn't a Plymouth, it was a stand-alone brand -- advertised as the "Valiant by Chrysler Corp". Chrysler, like GM and Ford, had been neglecting the small-car market for years, and all three companies invested heavily in new models for 1960. GM's entry was the Chevy Corvair, Ford's the Ford Falcon.

The Valiant was less mechanically radical than the Corvair, which had an [[air-cooled]] rear-mounted engine. It was considered more daring than the also-new [[Ford Falcon]], however. The Falcon was totally conventional, while the Valiant boasted fairly radical styling and a new engine configuration, the famous [[Slant-6]] engine, which had its cylinders inline but canted 30° to one side. This allowed a lower hoodline, a shorter overall engine (the water pump was now mounted alongside instead of up front), and efficient, long-branch individual-runner intake and exhaust manifolds. The 170 in³ engine gained a reputation for durability and dependability, partly due to the fact that the engine design was specifically engineered to support either an aluminum or a cast-iron block. Somewhat more than 50,000 die-cast aluminum versions of the larger 225 in³ version of the engine were produced between late 1961 and early 1963. With a "Hyper-Pak" dealer tuning kit, the Valiants were sigificantly faster and quicker than any of their competitors. Even European imports and V8 models were trounced by the Valiants at [[NASCAR]]'s inaugral compact stock-car race at Daytona (FL). The eight Valiants entered in this race in 1960 placed 1st through 8th; after a repeat performance in 1961, NASCAR quietly cancelled the series.

For [[1961]], the Valiant was assigned to [[Plymouth automobile|Plymouth]], while [[Dodge]]'s 1961 version was called the [[Dodge Lancer|Lancer]]. The first generation Valiant and Lancer rode on a 106.5 in (2705 mm) wheelbase.The 1960 Valiant was also a Chrysler Engineering exhibition of their leadership in aluminum die-casting. While the aluminum [[slant-6]] engine block wouldn't make it to production until 1961, the 1960 oil pump, water pump, new alternator, intake manifold, [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission case and extension, and a myriad small parts were all made of aluminum.

Chrysler marketed Valiants at both Dodge and Plymouth dealers in [[Canada]] from [[1960]] to [[1966]] as a stand alone product. The [[1960]] to [[1962]] Canadian Valiants were substantially similar to the American-made cars, except the trunklid had a '''by Chrysler''' instead of a '''Plymouth''' badge. There were minor differences in interior and exterior trim, and the [[alternator]] that had made its much-ballyhooed industry debut as standard equipment on the American-market 1960 Valiant remained an extra-cost option in Canada through 1962. A carburetor anti-frost system, engine block heater, battery warmer, electric car interior heater and other cold-climate items were available as factory and/or dealer-installed options, while air conditioning, which was first offered in the US 1961 models, was not made available North of the border until 1966. Some Canadian-made Auto-Lite (now [[Prestolite]]) electrical components were used in lieu of the Chrysler-built components installed on American-built cars. Chrysler Canada's Windsor, Ontario plant was also the source for left- and right-hand-drive export Valiants.

In 1961, Plymouth offered a "Dixie Special" version of the Valiant, "painted Confederate Gray metallic and sporting a symbol on the door commemorating the War Between the States", according to the [http://www.plymouthbulletin.com Plymouth Bulletin].

==1963-1966==
The Valiant was totally reskinned for 1963, with a ½ in (12.7 mm) shorter 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase. The Valiant was successful, and as was the usual Detroit practice, several different models were spun off it. The Dodge Lancer, which had appeared in 1961, was discontinued, and the Valiant's new Dodge counterpart became the '''[[Dodge Dart|Dart]]''', the name of which was recycled for the A-body platform. With this redesign, and it rode on a longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase. The '''[[Plymouth Barracuda]]''', considered by some to be the first [[pony car]], was built off the Valiant platform in 1964. This generation featured a station wagon version, but this bodystyle was not continued in 1967. Also manufactured for the 1963 through 1966 model years was a five passenger convertible.

For [[1963]], the Canadian Valiant used the Dodge Dart body with a Valiant front clip. This continued for [[1964]]. For [[1965]], Chrysler Canada sold both the 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase Valiant and the 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase Dart as Valiants, with all using the Dart dashboard. For 1966 the Valiant was based on the Dart. With the coming of the US-Canada auto trade agreement in 1965, Chrysler could ship cars and parts both ways over the border and in 1967 began importing Plymouth Valiants and Dodge Darts from Detroit.

The Barracuda was built in Canada in 1964 and 1965 and imported for 1966. But it was sold as a Valiant, not Plymouth. The imported 1966 Barracuda did not have Plymouth nameplates on the trunk as the American market version did. The 1965 Barracuda also used the Dart dashboard.

==1967-1973==
The Valiant reached its greatest heights after a total redesign in 1967, with the wheelbase now 108 in (2743 mm). The station wagon model was dropped, leaving only the 2 and 4-door sedans. This generation acquired an excellent mechanical reputation and produced such hot-selling variants as the 1970-1976 '''[[Plymouth Duster|Plymouth Valiant Duster]]'''/'''Dodge Dart Swinger''', 1971-1976 '''Plymouth Scamp''' and 1971-1972 '''Dodge Demon'''. There was a '''Dodge Demon''' for 1971 and 1972, and a '''Dodge Dart Sport''' from 1973 to 1976. Chrysler's ponycars, the [[Dodge Challenger]] and [[Plymouth Barracuda]], used a modified version of the Valiant architecture.

With these cars Chrysler took 40% of the total American compact market in the early 1970s. They also enjoyed considerable success in foreign markets, where they were often assembled by Chrysler affiliates or subsidiaries. 1970 was also the first year that the successful 340 in³ V8 engine would be installed in a Valiant-badged car (the Duster 340). 1970 was the only year that the Duster was called the "Valiant Duster" - in 1971 it became simply Duster.

The Valiant would also achieve worldwide movie fame in the 1971 road rage thriller ''[[Duel (movie)|Duel]]'', directed by the then unknown [[Steven Spielberg]]. A 1970 Plymouth Valiant was also featured prominently in [[Howard Stern]]'s autobiographical 1997 movie [[Private Parts]].

Engine choices for the 1967 Valiant consisted of the 170, 198 and 225 cid Slant-6s, and the 273 V8 in 2 or 4bbl guise. In 1968 the 273 was replaced by the 318 2bbl, and remained available until the car's end in 1976. In 1970 the 170 was dropped, leaving the 198 as the base engine but found in very few examples (the 225 was a far more popular choice).

===Australian Valiants; a different path emerges===
It was also on this platform that the Australian Valiants began differing from their US counterparts, particularly with the VE series of 1967, the VF series of 1969 and the VG of 1970 (which featured the introduction of the HEMI 6), where the four-door sedan had a different, though related, bodyshell, more like the Dodge Dart of the time. Unlike the U.S., station-wagon and pick-up versions were also available, which were indigenous to Australia.

The Valiant VE was ''[[Wheels magazine|Wheels]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1967.

==1971 - 1973==
The American Valiants were little changed for 1971 and 1972. There were minor engineering changes for convenience, driveability and compliance with emission regulations. Taillamps, exterior and interior trim were revised. An aggressive "shark tooth" grille was offered on the fastback Duster 340 and new-for-1971 Duster Twister models.

For 1973, all Valiant and Duster models were given a new grille that would carry through to the end of production in 1976. Front bumpers able to withstand without damage a 5mph impact were mandated by US Federal law; the resultant bumpers were much more massive than the 1972 and earlier items; their added mass and the heavier impact-absorbing telescopic mounts increased the Valiant's front-end weight.

==1974-1976==
The Valiant was facelifted again in 1974 with the primary goal of cost-reduction; the sedan was transferred to the Dart's longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase such that the only differences between the Valiant and Dart were minor cosmetics. 1973's US Federal bumper standards requiring front bumpers to survive a 5mph impact were extended to rear bumpers for 1974. As a result, Valiant rear bumpers and their new impact-absorbing mount systems grew much more massive and heavier.

1974 also saw the introduction of the '''Valiant [[Brougham]]''' and its twin, the '''Dodge Dart Special Edition'''. Available with two or four doors, they were a compact luxury version of the Valiant/Dart and were designed to provide an attractive oil-crisis alternative to larger luxury cars. Plymouth's [[coupé]] version was oddly badged as simply the Plymouth Brougham, although the very similar sedans carried the Valiant name. There had been no two-door equivalent to the Valiant sedan since 1969; the Duster and the Scamp taking over that market segment. Apparently neither of those names were considered upmarket enough for a luxury offering, so no model name was used.

These cars were differentiated from the regular Valiant and Dart by generous chrome trim, a vinyl top, shag carpet, interior door padding, and a scripted "Brougham" logo ("Special Edition" on the Darts). Color-keyed wheelcovers and a special, limited selection of paint/vinyl combinations also characterized the upmarket models. Power steering, power brakes, and [[TorqueFlite]] [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions were standard; engine options were the 225 in³ [[Slant-6]] (3.7 L) and the 318 in³ (5.2 L) 2-barrel carbureted small-block V8. The Brougham/SE cars were available to the end of Valiant and Dart production.

1975 models were carryovers from 1974 in virtually every respect, except that California and certain high-altitude models received [[catalytic converter]]s and required [[unleaded gasoline]]. The grille of the Plymouth models was restyled somewhat.

In 1976, the somewhat larger F-body cars were introduced as [[Plymouth Volare|Plymouth Volaré]] and [[Dodge Aspen]]. Unfortunately, these did not maintain their predecessors' reputation for quality; in fact, they reversed it. These replaced the Valiant (and Dart) which were discontinued in the middle of the 1976 model year. The change hurt Chrysler's reputation and profitability, contributing to its near-bankruptcy in 1979-80. 1976 Plymouth derivates of the Valiant can be identified by amber parking lights between the headlights; previous models used clear lenses with amber colored bulbs (GE #1157NA).

==Australia (1971–81)==
{{main articles|[[Chrysler Valiant]] and [[Valiant Charger]]}}
While generally following the progress of the American Valiant throughout the 1960s, Chrysler Australia became increasingly dissatified with the car's styling direction, which was becoming more box-like with each facelift. The result was that for the 1970s, [[Chrysler Australia]] developed the whole car locally, particularly from the 1971 VH model. Production continued through the CM model (released in 1979) which production ended in 1981.

==Design quirks and oddities==
At launch, the Valiant's exterior design was notable for what it didn't have: fins. Detroit had been slapping fins on cars throughout the 1950s, and, at least in retrospect, observers felt that car-buyers were "finned out".

Under the hood, the big news was a new engine configuration, the famous Slant-6, whose cylinders were inline but tilted 30 degrees. This allowed a lower hoodline and a shorter overall engine that also became known for durability.

==References==
*''Motor Vehicle Data Book'', Sanford-Evans Communications, Ltd., Winnipeg, MB : Published annually, 1948 to date
*''Valiant'' sales literature, Chrysler Canada Limited, 1960 to 1966.

==External links==
*[http://www.valiant.org/ Valiant enthusiast page]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/index.html Valiant virtual museum]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnFamous.html Valiant Appearances in TV and Movies]
*[http://www.jeffjack.com/scamp/index.htm Plymouth Scamp page]
*[http://www.plymouthbulletin.com/ Plymouth Bulletin]
*[http://www.allpar.com/squads/police-cars/valiant.html Allpar Blotter on the Valiant's Popularity as a Police Car]

{{Plymouth}}

[[Category:Compact cars]]
[[Category:Plymouth Vehicles|Valiant]]
[[Category:Rear Wheel Drive Vehicles]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:Station Wagons]]
[[Category:1960s Automobiles]]
[[Category:1970s Automobiles]]

[[sv:Plymouth Valiant]]

Tesla

2007-04-20T19:05:21Z

207.212.173.2:

{{List of {{PAGENAME}} Models}}'''Tesla Motors'''' first production vehicle, the Tesla Roadster, will be a performance sports car. According to the company, the cars will have a range of 200 miles, acceleration from 0 to 60 MPH in 4 seconds, and a top speed of 130 MPH. Prototypes were introduced to the public in July 2006, and the first production models are planned for summer 2007. Demand was high for the first 'Signature One Hundred' Roadsters, which sold out in less than three weeks. According to a note on the company's web site, as of November 2006 the full run of the "2007 1/2" model have been sold out, constituting 220+ cars.
Tesla plans to offer home roof mounted solar-photovoltaic systems that will offset power used by the home charger, allowing 50 miles (80 kilometers) of travel without burdening the power grid, and thus making the package "energy positive" for a driver whose average daily mileage is less than that.
Tesla is also currently working on an unannounced sedan, codenamed "White Star", which may be introduced as early as 2009. It is being designed as an alternative to the BMW 5 Series, with an estimated price of $50,000-70,000.[1]

==Future Models==
*[[Telsa Roadster]]

==Current Models==

==External Links==
* [http://www.teslamotors.com/ Official Tesla Motors website]

[[Category:Makes]]

Smart fortwo

2007-04-03T21:58:13Z

207.212.173.2: /* Pricing */

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|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Smartfortwocoupe.jpg|300px|smart fortwo]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Smart fortwo'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Smart]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| {{{aka (Type here, not up there)}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| {{{produced from when to when+total units made (optional)}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| {{{Class}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| {{{Body-Style}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| {{{length - type here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| {{{Width - type here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| {{{Height - type here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| {{{wheelbase - type here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| {{{Weight - you get the point}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| {{{transmission + drive}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| {{{engine}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| {{{Horsepower and Torque rating}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| {{{similar (competition)}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
| {{{Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)}}}
|}

The '''Fortwo''' is the original [[Smart]] model that was launched in 1998 throughout Europe as the City Coupe. The name Fortwo was introduced when Smart began to produce new models.

On June 28, 2006, [[DaimlerChrysler]] confirmed that retailer UnitedAuto Group "will be responsible for awarding potential dealerships and developing and maintaining a Smart vehicle dealership network throughout the U.S. and Puerto Rico."

It will make its US debut in early 2008. Deposits for delivery are being accepted at [http://www.smartusa.com SmartUSA].

===Recent Changes===
A major redesign is in the works for the 2007 model year. While not yet released publically, it is known that the car's length is being increased by some margin to meet US safety standards.

===Styles and Major Options===
Instead of trims or styles, fortwo has three 'design lines': Pure, Pulse, and Passion.

The Pure is the basic model, providing a basic configuration and minimal extras. It is the least expensive of the three.

The Pulse is a sportier model, including leather steering wheels, the unique 'alien eyes' tachometer and clock, alloy wheels, and sportier interior.

The Passion is considered the luxury line, with air conditioning, electric mirrors, and other speciality options.

A cabriolet verison is available.

===Pricing===
Since the vehicle is not yet available for purchase from dealers in the United States, final pricing remains to be seen.
*Roughly:
*Pure (base): $12,000
*Passion: $14,000
*Convertible: $17,000

===Gas Mileage===
Until the vehicle is formally available in the US, official mileage data is not yet available. However, by European measures, the Smart is considered particularly fuel efficient, averaging 50 mpg for the gasoline model and 69 mpg for the Diesel.

===Reliability===
The fortwo's Mercedes Benz heritage comes through here, earning the car high marks for reliablility in Europe, Japan, and Canada.

===Safety===
[[Image:tridon_safety_cell.jpg|frame|The fortwo's tridion safety shell makes all the difference.]]Probably the biggest concern about the smart car people express is the issue of safety. In the US, 'bigger is better' is the normal rule-of-thumb when it comes to deciding which vehicle is safest. With the fortwo, that rule fast becomes becomes roadkill.

The secret to this vehicles safety rating comes from its 'Tridion Safety Cell.' This cell is designed to retain its shape in a collision, transfering much of the impact force back to the other vehicle. Also, given its size, the likelihood of striking one of the tires in a collision is high, which means the suspension helps absorb the force of the impact.

To help avoid the crash, the all fortwos come with [[Stability_control|Electronic Stability Control]] and [[Anti-Lock_Brakes_ABS|Anti-lock brakes]] as standard features. Dual [[airbag|airbags]], self-tensioning seatbelts, knee impact cushions and a collapsible steering column also come standard. Side-impact airbags are available as an option.

US Safety ratings have not yet been set, but in European ratings[http://www.euroncap.com/content/safety_ratings/ratings.php?id1=1], the fortwo gets a very respectible 3-stars.

===Photos===
Images from a vehicle in Canada:
<gallery>
Image:TorontoSmartLeftRearQuarter.jpg|<center>Convertible<br>rear quarter </center>
Image:TorontoSmartFront.jpg|<center>Front view</center>
Image:TorontoSmartRearClose.jpg|<center>Rear view<br>close</center>
Image:TorontoSmartInst.jpg|<center>Tachometer<br>and clock</center>
</gallery>

Smart Trailer Renderings Released by DCX:
<gallery>
Image:Smarttrailer1.jpg
Image:Smarttrailer2.jpg
Image:Smarttrailer3.jpg
</gallery>

===Colors===
Colors are one aspect of the Smart that is unique. While the vehicle has one primary color, the Tidion shell comes through at points, and has its own base color. In most instances, the shell is black, but in the Passion trim, the shell is also available in silver.

The rest of the vehicle is made up of interchangeable dent-resistant molded plastic panels. Much like the [[Saturn|Saturn]] lineup, these panels are solid colored, which means if they are scratched, the color remains unchanged. The best part is that you can purchase additional panels from the dealer, allowing you to change the color or your car at will.

In addition to the standard colors, smart is known for releasing limited edition colored vehicles, frequently themed to a partner. Some examples are Barbie Pink and iPod white. These limited edition vehicles often have a custom set of interior options, not available any other way.

===Main Competitors===
In the US, it is tough to define competitors, as there really is nothing specifically that matches up with the smart fortwo. The following are the closest vehicles in size and fuel efficiency.

* [[Toyota_Yaris|Toyota Yaris]]
* [[Honda_Fit|Honda Fit]]
* [[MINI_Cooper|MINI Cooper]]

==[[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] Models==
While frequently rumored, there is no official word regarding plans for a hybrid model.

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==

==Criticisms==

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

==Previous Generations==

===First Generation/Origins===

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==

==See also==
{{Smart}}

==External Links==
[http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2005/05/31/109354.html Smart Car review from The Auto Channel]

[http://www.automatters.net/2006%20Columns/0185.htm Automotive Journalist Jan Wagner's cross-country Smart road trip]

[[Category:Current Models]]

Mercury Marauder

2007-03-05T17:53:11Z

207.212.173.2:

Nissan Altima Review

2007-02-23T15:42:50Z

207.212.173.2: /* Low Points */

[[Image:altima_quarter.jpg|thumb|400px|'''2006 [[Nissan]] Altima''']]
[[Image:altima_rear.jpg|thumb|400px|'''2006 [[Nissan]] Altima SE-R''']]
The fourth best-selling car in North America, the [[Nissan Altima]] is the sport competitor to the other better-selling midsize sedans in its class, the [[Honda Accord]] and the [[Toyota Camry]]. Descended from the Nissan Bluebird and Nissan Stanza, the Altima is postioned between the smaller [[Nissan Sentra]] and the more powerful [[Nissan Maxima]].

An all new generation of the [[Nissan]] Altima will be introduced for the model 2007 in the Fall of 2006. When the third generation of the Altima was introduced for the 2002 model year, it was named the "''North American Car of the Year''" by a jury of 49 independent journalists organized by '''New Car Test Drive'''.

See also the main factsheet page for the '''[[Nissan Altima]]'''.

==High Points==
*Great handling and acceleration
*Roomy rear cabin
*Large storage capacity
*High resale value

==Low Points==
*Common safety features not standard
*Noisy at high speeds
*Interior not the best
*Turning radius is poor

==Performance and Handling==
[[image:altima_engine.jpg|thumb|250px|'''[[Nissan]] Altima 2.5 V4 engine''']]
When equipped with the [[V6]], the Altima is arguably the best performer among mid-sized [[sedan]]s, and among the most fun to drive. Slam the [[throttle]] down, either from a stop or at 40 mph, and the Altima will take off like a rocket. There's so much power that you'll notice some [[torque steer]], even with the [[Automatic transmission|automatic]], though it's not an issue. Nissan's 3.5-liter V6 features the latest in high-output, variable-valve technology, producing 250 [[horsepower]] at 5800 [[RPM|rpm]] and 249 pound-feet of [[torque]] at 4400 rpm. Though certainly not raucous, Nissan's V6 isn't quite as smooth as those from [[Honda]] and [[Toyota]], but you may have so much fun driving the Altima that you'll neither notice nor care.

The 2.5-liter [[four cylinder]] engine is strong, too. It's more powerful than the four-cylinder engines used in the [[|Honda Accord|Accord]] and [[Toyota Camry|Camry]], and it works well with the four-speed automatic transmission. With the automatic, the four-cylinder Altima still pulls strongly from a standing start, and the transmission shifts promptly between 40 and 60 mph for quick passing maneuvers. Four-cylinder engines of this heft tend to run on the rough side, and Nissan has addressed this inherent vibration with a compact balance system and silent-chain cam drive that smoothes operation nicely. However, the big four-cylinder engine is still a bit louder, more raucous, than those from Honda and Toyota. Nissan's 2.5-liter four-cylinder engine is sophisticated, with 16 valves, dual overhead camshafts and fully variable valve timing. It produces 175 horsepower at 6000 rpm, and 180 pound-feet of torque at 4000 rpm. The PZEV version of this engine used in California and several Northeast states is rated at 170 horsepower and 175 pound-feet of torque. The V6 is EPA-rated 21/27 with the five-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]], 20/30 mpg with the five-speed automatic.

This is a stable car at speed, and the [[suspension]] and brakes are tuned appropriately for the job. The Altima feels larger than the Honda Accord and other mid-size sedans. The four-wheel [[disc brakes]] are easy to modulate for smooth [[car handling|handling]] and deliver plenty of stopping power.

Overall handling is exemplary. The [[Rack and pinion|rack-and-pinion]] steering gives precise directional control, with good feedback. The multi-link rear suspension, a sophisticated design that uses aluminum components to reduce weight, enhances the stability of the rear end, even on bumpy roads. When it comes to chassis dynamics, the Altima is a class-leading performer. Enthusiasist drivers will love it, but it may not be for everyone.

While it rides well in most circumstances, the Altima feels stiffer than some of its competitors, particularly when it's crossing a rhythmic series of bumps or pavement joints. It's not as smooth as the Camry or Accord, especially the former, and the driver and passengers will feel a bit more vibration through the pedals, steering wheel or armrests. Overall NVH (noise, vibration and harshness control) isn't the best in the class, a trait at least partly to the Altima's emphasis on handling and performance. With every car, designers have to make choices. Nissan emphasized performance and handling over smoothness and ride quality.

==Gas Mileage==
According to EPA estimates on [http://www.autos.com/autos/car/midsize/2006/nissan/altima/25 Autos.com], the 4-cylinder Altima is in the top third of 2006 mid-size [[sedan]]s at 24/31 MPG in the city/highway. The top-of-the-line 250 [[HP|hp]] [[V6|V-6]] gets 20/28.

==Safety==
The 2006 [[Nissan Altima|Altima]] ranks last for safety features among the 34 mid-size [[sedan]]s ranked on [http://www.autos.com/autos/rankings_safety?cat=passenger_cars&segment=midsize_cars&rank=safety&year=0 Autos.com], however this reflects that some safety features that are standard on most models are available, but not standard, on the Altima. Such features include [[Anti-Lock Brakes ABS|Anti-Lock Brakes]], [[Side Airbags|side airbags]] and [[Side Curtain Airbags|overhead/curtain air bags]].

The National Highway Transportation Safety Administration give the following test crash ratings (1-5, 5 is the best):
* Front impact: 5
* Side impact: 3
* Rollover resistance: 4

==Reliability and Maintenance==
Automotive Information Systems (AIS) gives the Altima a 5 out of 5 on reliability. AIS flags moderate to significant problems with the engines in the 2002-2003 Altimas (same generation as the 2006 Altima). The Mass AirFlow Sensor, Crankshaft Position Sensor and Camshaft Position Sensor occasionally fail, which can result in drivability problems. The respective cost of replacement is roughly $500, $100 and $50. AIS otherwise reports infrequent problems with low repair costs for the Altima.

==Interior and Comforts==
[[Image:altimainter.jpg|thumb|250px|'''Interior of [[Nissan]] Altima''']]
The [[Nissan]] Altima feels spacious inside and that's no illusion. It ranks at or near the top of the class in interior roominess. There's more front legroom here than in all but the largest vehicles on the road. The front seats are quite comfortable and large enough for larger bodies. Getting in and out of the Altima is easy, thanks to wide doors and a slightly higher-than-average front seating position.

Nissan redesigned the interior in 2005, addressing the biggest complaints with this car. Changes included a new instrument panel, a new center stack and a new center console. Seat materials, trim finishes and the headliner were upgraded and new chrome accents were added. Overall it's a vast improvement over earlier models and closer to [[Toyota]] and [[Honda]] levels, but still not quite there. The cloth upholstery is decent and the material used on the dash are nice, but the lids on the front of the center console are flimsy.

The Altima is a comfortable car and driver visibility is excellent. The dashboard is set relatively low, with a binnacle directly in front of the driver containing speedometer, tachometer, and water temperature and fuel gauges. The instruments glow orange in the dark, offering less interference to night vision. The three-spoke steering wheel tilts and telescopes to help optimize driving position. The shifter on models with [[manual transmission]]s is somewhat long, with long throws.
The available navigation display is located at the top of the center stack and it works well. Audio controls are mounted high on the center stack for easy access. At the top are two rows of buttons, used to control audio, trip computer, and navigation functions, with a small joy stick in the center. Heating/air conditioning control knobs lie directly below and are easy to locate with minimal distraction.

Air conditioning vents are flush-mounted on the dash. Seams for the passenger-side [[airbag]] are invisible, cleverly hidden in a large expanse of unembellished dashboard surface. The center console has cupholders large enough for one-liter bottles. A power port inside the center console storage area is useful for cell phones. There's an adjustable elbow rest. The parking brake is a proper handbrake, located front and center. The windows can be opened with the remote key fob (by holding down the Unlock button), a nice feature on hot summer days.

The rear seats are supportive and comfortable, with good legroom and sufficient headroom. Rear-center passengers get a three-point seat belt with shoulder harness; when the center spot is empty, an armrest drops and presents cupholders. Getting in and out of the rear seats is easier than it is in many mid-size sedans. The long wheelbase and large doors make it less likely that a rear passenger will get dirty by dragging their clothes across the fender well.

Trunk space ranks among the best in the mid-size class with 15.6 cubic feet of cargo space. It's a convenient trunk, with a large opening and low lift-over height. The trunk lid pops up when the button on the remote key fob is used, a nice feature when you're running through the rain with an armload of groceries and a feature few cars seem to have lately. The gooseneck hinges intrude minimally into the usable trunk space. The rear seat of the Altima folds down for increased cargo space and the seat is split so you can carry a passenger and longer cargoes.

==Exterior==
The [[Nissan Altima]] is a big car by mid-size standards, bigger than the current [[Toyota Camry]] and [[Honda Accord]]. Its [[wheel]]s are pushed to the far corners, giving it a long wheelbase and wide track for stability at high speeds. The long wheelbase leaves plenty of room for passengers, and for large doors to let them in and out.

Cast in the style of a European sedan, the Altima looks more like something from [[Volkswagen]] or [[Audi]] than [[Honda]] or [[Toyota]]. Yet the Altima also has more exterior design detail than the Camry or Accord, with creased mirrors, integrated foglamps and other subtle cues. Altima's sloping roofline is reminiscent of a coupe. Its high trunk lid is set off by bold round taillights, turn signals and backup lights set in a triangular-shaped cover.

Nissan subtly restyled the Altima for 2005 for a more aggressive look. The new hood looks more athletic, with a muscular bulge suggesting a powerful engine. A smoother front fascia and smoked headlamps add to the bold impression, and tooth-like ridges molded into the horizontal grille bars tighten Altima's kinship with the more exotic [[Nissan Maxima|Maxima]]. The Altima's previously clear taillamp covers have been smoked slightly.

The grille and front bumper are set off nicely by aggressive-looking multi-parabola projector-type headlights with four bulbs set behind large covers. Altima's grille is large by contemporary standards, but not the least bit awkward.

==Styles and Options==
The [[Nissan]] Altima is available in 6 trims: '''2.5''', '''2.5 S''', '''2.5 SL''', '''3.5 SL''', '''3.5 SE''', and '''SE-R'''.

===2.5===
[[Image:altima_25.jpg|thumb|300px|'''2006 [[Nissan]] Altima 2.5]]
[[Image:altima_interior.jpg|thumb|300px|'''2006 Altima interior w/ Leather Sport package]]
[[Image:altima_35se.jpg|thumb|300px|'''2006 [[Nissan]] Altima 3.5 SE]]
'''The 2.5 is your base model coming standard with:'''

*2.5-liter [[four cylinder]] engine
*Power windows
*Tinted windshield
*Tilt and telescoping steering wheel
*Power steering
*Fold down center armrests front and rear
*60/40 split folding rear seat
*In-glass antenna
*Five-speed [[manual transmission]].

===2.5 S===
'''Adds to the 2.5 standard items:'''

*Air conditioning
*Power mirrors
*[[Remote Keyless Entry|Remote keyless entry]]
*Remote trunk lock
*Eight-way adjustable driver's seat
*[[Cruise control]]
*Six-speaker audio system
*Seatback pockets
*Split rear seat lock
*Five-speed manual transmission or a four-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]

'''There are also a few option packages available with this trim:'''

''The Convenience Package:''
*Alloy [[wheel]]s
*Eight-way power driver's seat w/ lumbar support
*Leather-wrapped steering wheel
*[[Steering Wheel Audio Controls|Steering wheel-mounted audio controls]]
*Trip computer
*Dual illuminated vanity mirrors
*Speed-sensitive volume control
*Automatic headlights
*Vehicle security system

''The Convenience Plus Package:''
*Power glass sunroof with sunshade

''Premium Convenience Package:''
*Bose audio system

===2.5 SL===
'''The top of the line 2.5 includes:'''

*Most of the features offered in the 2.5 S convenience packages
*Four-speed automatic transmission
*Heated leather seats
*Power driver's seat
*Simulated wood trim

''The only convenience option for the 2.5 SL is a sunroof''

===3.5 SL===
'''This base trim [[V6]] Altima comes standard with:'''

*Most of the features offered in the 2.5 S convenience packages
*250-[[horsepower]] V6 and five-speed automatic
*Heated leather seats
*Power driver's seat
*simulated wood trim

===3.5 SE===
'''The sport trim comes standard with:'''

*250-horsepower V6 and five-speed manual
*17-inch alloy wheels
*Wider, speed-rated [[tires]]
*Performance-tuned [[suspension]]
*Fog lights
*Dual chrome exhaust tips

'''There are also a few option packages available with this trim:'''

''The Leather Package''
*Leather upholstery
*Bose audio
*Sunroof
*Heated front seats and mirrors

''The Sport Package Plus''
*Sunroof
*[[Spoiler]]
*Bose premium audio
*Xenon headlights

''The Leather Sport Package''

-Adds to the Leather Package-
*Spoiler
*Xenon headlights

===SE-R===
'''The high performance trim comes standard with:'''

*260-horsepower version of the 3.5-liter V6
*Performance-tuned front struts and rear shocks
*Stiffer front and rear springs
*Thicker front and rear stabilizer bars
*Speed-rated 225/45WR18 tires
*18-inch forged aluminum-alloy wheels
*Anti-lock brakes ([[ABS]])
*Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD)
*Brake Assist
*Unique front and rear fascias and rear spoiler
*Compact fog lights
*Side-sill spoilers
*Large dual exhaust finishers
*Sport leather seats
*Dark chrome trim
*Three-pod center-mounted gauges
*Six-speed manual transmission

==Main Competitors==
* [[Honda Accord]]: [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compare/nissan/altima/honda/accord Side-By-Side Comparisons]
* [[Toyota Camry]]: [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compare/nissan/altima/toyota/camry Side-By-Side Comparisons]
* [[Hyundai Sonata]]: [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compare/nissan/altima/hyundai/sonata Side-By-Side Comparisons]
* [[Volkswagen Passat]]: [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compare/nissan/altima/volkswagen/passat Side-By-Side Comparisons]
* [[Mazda6]]: [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compare/nissan/altima/mazda/mazda6 Side-By-Side Comparisons]

==External Links==
'''''WikiCars Contributor Favorites'''''
* [http://www.autos.com/autos/car/midsize/2006/nissan/altima/25/reviews Autos.com] - Altima Review Summaries
* [http://www.nctd.com/review-intro.cfm?Vehicle=2006_Nissan_Altima&ReviewID=1776 NCTD.com] - General review site
'''''Nissan Manufacturer Sites'''''
* [http://www.nissanusa.com/altima Nissan Altima] - Official US Site

'''''Community Sites'''''
* [http://www.nissanhelp.com/Models/2006/Altima/Description.htm Nissanhelp.com] - Nissan Aficionado Site

[[Category: Model Reviews]]

Lexus RX 400h

2006-11-20T19:47:58Z

207.212.173.2: /* Photos */

[[image:2007_Lexus_400h_champagneleft.jpg|right|450px]]
The '''[[Lexus|Lexus]] RX 400h''' is an automobile assembled by [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corp.]] under the [[Lexus]] brand name using Toyota's [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] Synergy Drive technology. Currently, [[Lexus]] is using the fourth generation of [[Hybrid Synergy Drive]] from [[Toyota]]. Each generation surpasses the previous, offering greater power and less cost. The [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] powertrain adds a mere 300 pounds to the vehicle’s curb weight, an impressive engineering acheivement. The majority of this extra weight is mounted low in the vehicle. To manage the additional weight, [[Lexus]] made the chassis of the RX stronger. The [[Lexus]] RX, [[Lexus ES 350]], [[Toyota Camry]], and [[Toyota Highlander]] are all built on the same platform with slight modifications between the sedans and the SUVs.

After first being introduced in January 2004 at the North American International Auto Show, it would become the world's second mass-produced [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] [[Sport utility vehicle|SUV]], after the [[Ford Escape Hybrid]]. In November 2004, Toyota announced the American launch of [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] [[Lexus|Lexus]]/Toyota SUV will be delayed to the 2006 model year, with European and Asian launches to meet the same fate. The Toyota version of the same car debuted in Japan in March of 2005 as the [[Toyota Highlander]] [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]].

The gasoline-powered part of the engine system is a 3.3L 3MZ-FE [[V6]], very similar to the one found in the [[Lexus RX|RX 330]]. It produces 268 [[HP]] when aided by the two additional electric motors. Under normal driving conditions, only the front motor and gasoline engine will be used. The rear motor will only be used under full-throttle acceleration or when the front wheels lose traction (if so equipped). The gasoline engine will switch off automatically when the vehicle is either stationary, decelerating, or being driven at a slow speed and the electric motor will take over. A Ni-MH battery is responsible for powering the motors, and it is charged during deceleration and from the heat energy caused from braking.

The assistance of the electric motor increases the vehicle's performance, the RX 400h [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] can reach 60 mph (97km/h) in less than 8 seconds which is quicker than the normally aspirated RX 330. Despite the increased performance, the RX 400h consumes roughly the same amount of fuel as a compact four-cylinder [[sedan]] and it qualifies as a Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle ([[Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle|SULEV]]) in America.

See WikiCars' comprehensive
[[Lexus RX Review|'''Lexus RX 400h Hybrid Review Page''']]

==Recent Changes==
The RX 400h is new for the 2006 model year.

==Styles and Major Options==
[[Image:Rx400hfront.jpg|right|350px]]
There is only one trim for the 400h, but it is available in a variety of options. It is powered by a 3.3L 208[[hp]] [[V6]] [[hybrid]] engine and a 2-speed [[continuously variable transmission]] ([[CVT]]), but there is a choice between [[front wheel drive]] and [[all wheel drive]] versions. In addition, there are several optional packages available, from the Premium Package, which includes items like driver seat memory and a roof rack, to a Navigation Package, which includes not only a voice activated navigation system but also an 11-speaker 210-watt Premium Mark Levinson audio system. Some of the standout features include:

'''Standard Equipment'''
* Leather-trimmed interior, steering wheel and shift knob
* Brushed aluminum interior trim pieces
* Power tilt-and-telescopic steering column with memory
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] [[Seat Memory|Memory System]] to control power driver’s seat (except lumbar), outside mirrors and steering wheel
* Illuminated entry system
* Power tilt-and-slide [[Sunroof|sunroof]] with one-touch open/close and sliding sunshade
* Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS)
* High-Intensity Discharge (HID) headlamps with dynamic auto-leveling
* Roof rack with rails
* Dual-zone automatic climate control
* 10-way driver (including lumbar) and 8-way front passenger power seats
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] eight-speaker, Premium Sound system with in-dash six-disc CD changer
* Steering wheel mounted cruise control, audio and display function controls
'''Individual Factory Options'''
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] [[Entertainment Center|DVD Rear-Seat Entertainment System]] (RSES) (includes two pairs of wireless headphones) - $1,840
* Heated Front Seats with Rain-Sensing Wipers - $665
* Mark Levinson® 11-speaker, 210-watt Premium Audio System with [[In-Dash 6-Disc CD|in-dash, single-feed, six-disc CD]] changer - $980
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] voice-activated DVD [[Navigation System]] (includes backup camera and [[Bluetooth]]® technology) - $2,350

'''Dealer Accessories'''
* All-weather floor mats
* Car cover
* Cargo mat
* Cargo net
* Front-end mask
* Tow-hitch receiver
* Wheel locks
* Wireless headphones

==Pricing==
Today's actual prices for the [[Lexus]] RX 400h can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/MAKE/MODEL/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''Model Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
FWD
</td>
<td>
AWD
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$44,660
</td>
<td>
$46,060
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$39,746
</td>
<td>
$40,992
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Gas Mileage==
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/bymodel/ FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#ccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=ffffcc>
<td>
2006 RX 400h FWD
</td>
<td>
2006 RX 400h AWD
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
33/28
</td>
<td>
31/27
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Reliablity==

==Safety==

* Front seat-mounted side [[airbag]]s (SRS)
* Driver's and front passenger's advanced [[airbag]] system (SRS) with crash-severity sensors
* Front and rear roll-sensing side curtain[[airbag]]s
* Driver's knee [[airbag]]
* Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM)
* [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]] with [[Brake Assist]]
* Electronic Brakeforce Distribution ([[Electronic Brake-Force Distribution|EBD]])
* Reinforced Body
* Three-point seatbelts with pre-tensioners [[Seatbelt_Pretensioners|seatbelts]] for all seats
* Daytime Running Lights
* [[Electronic Stability Control|Vehicle Stability Control]] (VSC)
* Traction Control (TRAC)
* Direct Tire Pressure Monitor System
* Theft-Deterrent System with engine immobilizer
* LED tailights

==Photos==
[[Image:Rx400hinterior.jpg|right|350px]]
[[Image:rx400hdash.jpg|right|350px]]
[[Image:rx400hmonitor.jpg|right|350px]]
[[Image:rx400hside.jpg|right|350px]]

==Colors==
A complete list of the 400h's colors is available at [http://www.carsdirect.com/lexus/rx_400h/colors CarsDirect.com.] Here are some of the available ones:
[[Image:Neptune blue mica.gif|Neptune Blue Mica]] Neptune Blue Mica

[[Image:Flint mica lexus.gif|Flint Mica]] Flint Mica

[[Image:Savannah metallic lexus.gif|Savannah Metallic]] Savannah Metallic

[[Image:Bamboo pearl lexus.gif|Bamboo Pearl]] Bamboo Pearl

[[Image:Crystal white lexus.gif|Crystal White]] Crystal White

[[Image:Millennium silver metallic lexus.gif|Millenium Silver Metallic]] Millenium Silver Metallic

[[Image:Black onyx lexus.gif|Black Onyx]] Black Onyx

==Main Competitors==
* [[Acura RDX]]
* [[BMW X3]]
* [[Hummer H3]]
* [[Infiniti FX|Infiniti FX35]]/[[Infiniti FX|FX45]]
* [[Land Rover LR3]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz ML-Class]]
* [[Volvo XC90]]

==Unique Attributes==
The available Four-Wheel Air Suspension controls vehicle height, depending on driving conditions and needs. At speeds higher than 62 mph, the vehicle lowers 0.3 inches automatically (Normal mode), providing increased control and lower drag coefficient. For additional control during sport driving, you can select Low mode, which lowers the vehicle by 0.6 inches. For low-speed emergency driving on rough terrain, you're able to switch to High mode to raise the ground clearance to a full 8.3 inches. Or, for easy passenger access or loading, the vehicle will lower an additional 1.2 inches (Access mode). The RX 350 is a certified Ultra-Low Emission Vehicle II (ULEV II) that everyone can feel good about.

==Resale Values==
'''Kelley Blue Book''' offers a range of resale value information, with mileage and equipment levels factored [http://www.kbb.com/ in].

==Criticisms==

==[[Lexus|Lexus]] RX Generations==
=====Current Model ''(Updated Second Generation)''=====
For 2007, the RX has a mid-cycle refresh consisting of a new 2GR-FE 3.5-liter [[V6|V6]] instead of the older 3MZ-FE 3.3-liter [[V6|V6]] engine, changing the vehicle's name from RX 330 to RX 350. The RX 350 will also feature an updated DVD [[Navigation System|navigation system]] with better graphics, voice controlled destination inputs, and a new device called "bread crumbs", enabling drivers to retrace their steps.
====Second Generation: (2004-present)====
The second generation RX, called the '''[[Lexus|Lexus]] RX 330''' for the North American and Middle Eastern markets, was introduced at the 2003 North American International Auto Show. The North American-market cars were initially built in Japan, with production of the RX 330 started at Toyota's Cambridge, Ontario, Canada plant in September 2003 (some North American RX 330/RX 350 models are still made in Japan). The RX 330 is powered by a 3.3 L 3MZ-FE [[V6|V6]], producing 223 [[HP|hp]] SAE and (238 ft·lb), and is available in either front or four wheel drive. "AIRS" air-suspension is again an option on the four wheel drive models, and interestingly, a Mark Levinson sound-system is available in place of the JBL system found in the Toyota Harrier.

[[Image:lexusgen2.jpg|right|300px]]

For European and Asian markets, the second generation RX was launched in early 2003, where it continues to be a RX 300 and is made in Japan. Mechanical specification is more or less identical to the 3.0 L [[V6|V6]] Toyota Harrier, with only the four wheel drive version available. Once again, air-suspension and Mark Levinson audio can be specified.

The Harrier [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] went on sale in Japan on March 2005, and the [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] [[Lexus|Lexus]] RX 400h went on sale during the 2006 model year in North America. Europe and Asia will also receive the [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] RX during 2006.

====First Generation: (1999-2003)====
The first-generation RX 300 for the four wheel drive models made its debut in December 1997 as the Toyota Harrier. Two engines were available, the 2.2 L 5S-FE I4 which produced 139 [[HP|hp]] JIS (102 kW) and 191 Nm (140 ft·lbf), and the 3.0 L 1MZ-FE [[V6|V6]] which produced 219 [[HP|hp]] JIS (161 kW) and 304 Nm (224 ft·lbf). Both engines could be specified with either front or four wheel drive. All models came with an [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission as standard, with the [[V6|V6]] version having the Sportmatic +/- feature. The Toyota Harrier was a sales success, and many went to other right hand drive markets in Asia as grey imports.

The [[Lexus|Lexus]] RX 300, made its debut in America in 1998. The only engine and drivetrain combination available was the 3.0 L 1MZ-FE [[V6|V6]] and either front or four wheel drive.

[[Image:lexusfirstgen.jpg|right|300px]]

The first-generation RX 300 continued largely unchanged until November 2000, when the 2.2 L 5S-FE engine was replaced by the 2.4 L 2AZ-FE 4-cylinder engine, producing 159 [[HP|hp]] JIS (117 kW) and 221 Nm (163 ft·lbf). Again, the new engine was offered with either front wheel drive or four wheel drive. The change in engine also meant a change in model code, which was now ACU10 for the front wheel drive version and ACU15 for the four wheel drive version. A small facelift was also performed on the Harrier. 2000 is also the year where the [[Lexus|Lexus]] RX 300 first went on sale in Europe and Asia. The distinguishing feature for those versions of the RX 300 is a different rear light cluster and larger wheels. The front wheel drive version was not offered in either Europe or Asia.

==Worldwide==
[[Image:HarrierhybridIII.jpg|right|300px]]
The Toyota Harrier [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] went on sale in Japan on March 2005. Europe and Asia will also receive the [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] RX during 2006.

==Design quirks and oddities==
* Unique Front Bumper for increased cooling
* Unique Grille
* Unique Fog Lamps
* New Tailights with LEDs instead of incandescent bulbs
* 18 inch wheels
* Performance tires

==Awards==

==See also==

==External Links==
* [http://www.lexus.com Official Lexus Website]
* [http://www.lexus.com/models/rx/index.html Official Lexus RX400h website]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexus_RX_400h Lexus RX 400h], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lexus_RX_400h&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Lexus vehicles|GS 450h]]
[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]
[[Category:Hybrid vehicles]]
[[Category:Prestige vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:1990s automobiles]]
[[Category:2000s automobiles]]

Lexus GS 450h

2006-11-20T19:43:09Z

207.212.173.2: /* See also */

[[Image:GS450h.jpg|right|300px]]
The 2007 [[Lexus|Lexus]] GS 450h is the second foray into the [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] market for this brand name of the [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]], the first being last year's [[Lexus RX 400h|RX 400h]] sport utility.

[[Hybrid Cars|Hybrids]] can be designed for fuel economy like the [[Toyota Prius|Toyota_Prius]], or for increased power like the [[Honda Accord Hybrid]]. The [[Lexus|Lexus]] GS 450h, which will use a 3.5-liter [[V6|V6]] engine and a high-output electric motor driving the rear wheels to place the [[HP|horsepower]] at the level of a V8 engine, falls squarely into the latter category.

With just 2,000 units available, even at the $54,900 base price [[Lexus|Lexus]] will easily sell every GS 450h unit.

See WikiCars' comprehensive [[Lexus GS 450h Review|'''Lexus GS 450h Review''']].

==Styles and Major Options==
'''Standard Equipment'''
* 3.5-liter [[V6|V6]] gas engine coupled with a high-output electric-drive motor, producing 340 total net [[HP]]
* [[Continuously Variable Transmission|Electronically controlled Continuously Variable Transmission (ECVT)]]
* Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) advanced stability management
* [[Traction control]]
* [[Regenerative Braking|Regenerative braking]] to capture energy and recharge the battery

'''Optional Equipment'''
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] voice-activated DVD [[Navigation System|Navigation System]] - $1,900
* Mark Levinson® 14-speaker 330-watt premium surround sound audio system - $1,780
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] Pre-Collision System (PCS) and dynamic [[Cruise Control|radar cruise control]] - $2,850
* Active Stabilizer Suspension System (requires run flat tires) - $3,400
* Rear Spoiler - $200
* All-season [[Run-Flat Tires|run-flat tires]] - $400
* Summer [[Run-Flat Tires|run-flat tires]] - $480

'''Dealer Accessories'''
* 18-inch G-Spider alloy wheels
* All-weather floor mats
* Car cover
* Cargo net
* Trunk mat
* Wheel locks
* XM® Satellite radio capability

==Pricing==
The GS 450h base vehicle retails for $54,900 MSRP with a $695 delivery charge, amounting to a base price of $55,595. Prices for all optional equipment on the [[Lexus|Lexus]] GS 450h is available at [http://www.carsdirect.com/lexus/gs_450h/prices CarsDirect.]

The U.S. [[Hybrid Tax Credits|Federal Income Tax Credit]] is $1,550 for models purchased prior to December 31, 2010.

<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#ccccc>
<td colspan=1>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=ffffcc>
<td>
Base [[Rear-wheel drive|RWD]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=1 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''Price'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=1>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$54,900
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=1>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$48,312
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Gas Mileage==
<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#ccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=ffffcc>
<td>
[[Rear wheel drive|RWD]] [[Continuously Variable Transmission|CVT]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''Engine'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
3.5L [[V6]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''MPG (City/Highway)'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
25/28
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Reliability==

==Safety==
* Driver and front passenger airbags including front, side, side curtain and knee
* Rear side curtain airbags
* Electronic [[Traction Control]]
* Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) [[Electronic Stability Control|electronic stability control]]
* [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)]]
* [[Brake Assist|Braking Assist]]
* Electronic Controlled Braking (ECB) and Electronic Brakeforce Distribution ([[Electronic Brake-Force Distribution|EBD]])
* Tire pressure monitor system
* Highly rigid body structure
* Side impact door beams
* Front and rear crumple zones
* [[Seatbelt Pretensioners|3-point seatbelt]] with Emergency Locking Retractor (ELR) for driver
* [[Seatbelt Pretensioners|3-point seatbelts]] with [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] Locking Retractor/Emergency Locking Retractor (ALR/ELR) for all passengers
* Child Restraint Seat (CRS) tether anchor brackets
* Child safety locks and window lock button on driver door control
* Full-color display backup camera
* Intuitive electronic park assist
* Theft-deterrent and engine immobilizer system
* [[Xenon Headlights|High-Intensity Discharge (HID)]] headlamps with Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS)
* Headlamp washers
* Daytime running lights
* Integrated foglamps
* Rain-sensing variable intermittent windshield wipers

'''Optional Equipment'''
* Pre-Collision System (PCS) radar

==Photos==
[[Image:G450h_interior.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:GS450h_inst.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:GS450h_eng.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:GS450h_rear.jpg|right|300px]]

==Colors==

[[Image:Blue_onyx_pearl.gif|Blue Onyx Pearl]] Blue Onyx Pearl

[[Image:Black_onyx.gif|Black Onyx]] Black Onyx

[[Image:Crystal_white.gif|Crystal White]] Crystal White

[[Image:Glacier_frost_mica.gif|Glacier Frost Mica]] Glacier Frost Mica

[[Image:Gs06_flint_mica.gif|Flint Mica]] Flint Mica

[[Image:Matador_red_mica.gif|Matador Red Mica]] Matador Red Mica

[[Image:Mercury_metallic.gif|Mercury Metallic]] Mercury Metallic

==Main Competitors==
* [[Honda Accord Hybrid]]
* [[Toyota Camry Hybrid]]
* [[Lexus RX 400h]]

==Unique Attributes==
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] claims a total 339 [[HP|HP]] or 253 kW of output power pushing the GS 450h from 0-60 in 5.2 seconds, which is good enough to earn it the title of fastest Hybrid car available for sale.
* A Neiman Marcus limited-edition GS 450h was included in the 2005 Holiday Catalogue. Only 75 of the special cars were produced in a Crystalline Ice exterior color with Neiman Marcus logo clad interior accents and apparently sold out in 3 hours.

==Resale Values==
Due to the limited production and immediate interest there will likely be little to no resale information for some time.

==Worldwide==

==Design Quirks and Oddities==

==See also==

{| cellspacing=1 cellpadding=1 class="toccolours plainlinks" align="center"
|align="center" colspan=22|'''[[Lexus]], a marque of [[Toyota]], road car timeline, 1989-present'''
|-
|align=center rowspan=2 bgcolor=#F0F0F0|'''Type'''
|align=center colspan=1 width=4% bgcolor=#F0F0F0|1980s
|align=center colspan=10 width=40% bgcolor=#F0F0F0|1990s
|align=center colspan=10 width=40% bgcolor=#F0F0F0|2000s
|- align=center bgcolor=#F0F0F0
|width=4%|9
|width=4%|0||width=4%|1||width=4%|2||width=4%|3||width=4%|4||width=4%|5||width=4%|6||width=4%|7||width=4%|8||width=4%|9
|width=4%|0||width=4%|1||width=4%|2||width=4%|3||width=4%|4||width=4%|5||width=4%|6||width=4%|7||width=4%|8||width=4%|9
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Compact car|Compact]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=7 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus IS 350|IS 200/300]]
|colspan=4 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus IS 350|IS 250/350]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0 rowspan=2| [[Mid-size car|Mid-size]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 250]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 300]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 300]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 300/330]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 350]]
|- align=center
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GS|GS 300]]
|colspan=7 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GS|GS 300/400/430]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GS|GS 300/430/450h]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Full-size car|Full-size]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 400]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 400]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 430]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 460/600h]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Crossover SUV|Crossover]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus RX 350|RX 300]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus RX 350|RX 330/350/400h]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0 rowspan=2| [[SUV]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=10 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=7 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GX 470|GX 470]]
|- align=center
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LX 470|LX 450]]
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LX 470|LX 470]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus JX 470|JX 470]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Sports car|Sports]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus SC 430|SC 300/400]]
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus SC 430|SC 430]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Concept car|Concept]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=10 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=8 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LF|LF]]
|}

==External Links==

* [http://www.lexus.com/models/hybrid/index.html Lexus Hybrids]
* [http://us.lexusownersclub.com/forums/index.php?s=4e891835509645064e2ffca9e8b76757&showforum=79 LexusOwnersClub.com]
* [http://hybridcars.com/lexus-gs450h.html End of the Hybrids As We Know It]
* [http://www.edmunds.com/new/2007/lexus/gs450h/100700963/photos.html GS 450h Picture Gallery]

[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]

Lexus GS 450h

2006-11-20T19:42:22Z

207.212.173.2: /* See also */

[[Image:GS450h.jpg|right|300px]]
The 2007 [[Lexus|Lexus]] GS 450h is the second foray into the [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] market for this brand name of the [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]], the first being last year's [[Lexus RX 400h|RX 400h]] sport utility.

[[Hybrid Cars|Hybrids]] can be designed for fuel economy like the [[Toyota Prius|Toyota_Prius]], or for increased power like the [[Honda Accord Hybrid]]. The [[Lexus|Lexus]] GS 450h, which will use a 3.5-liter [[V6|V6]] engine and a high-output electric motor driving the rear wheels to place the [[HP|horsepower]] at the level of a V8 engine, falls squarely into the latter category.

With just 2,000 units available, even at the $54,900 base price [[Lexus|Lexus]] will easily sell every GS 450h unit.

See WikiCars' comprehensive [[Lexus GS 450h Review|'''Lexus GS 450h Review''']].

==Styles and Major Options==
'''Standard Equipment'''
* 3.5-liter [[V6|V6]] gas engine coupled with a high-output electric-drive motor, producing 340 total net [[HP]]
* [[Continuously Variable Transmission|Electronically controlled Continuously Variable Transmission (ECVT)]]
* Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) advanced stability management
* [[Traction control]]
* [[Regenerative Braking|Regenerative braking]] to capture energy and recharge the battery

'''Optional Equipment'''
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] voice-activated DVD [[Navigation System|Navigation System]] - $1,900
* Mark Levinson® 14-speaker 330-watt premium surround sound audio system - $1,780
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] Pre-Collision System (PCS) and dynamic [[Cruise Control|radar cruise control]] - $2,850
* Active Stabilizer Suspension System (requires run flat tires) - $3,400
* Rear Spoiler - $200
* All-season [[Run-Flat Tires|run-flat tires]] - $400
* Summer [[Run-Flat Tires|run-flat tires]] - $480

'''Dealer Accessories'''
* 18-inch G-Spider alloy wheels
* All-weather floor mats
* Car cover
* Cargo net
* Trunk mat
* Wheel locks
* XM® Satellite radio capability

==Pricing==
The GS 450h base vehicle retails for $54,900 MSRP with a $695 delivery charge, amounting to a base price of $55,595. Prices for all optional equipment on the [[Lexus|Lexus]] GS 450h is available at [http://www.carsdirect.com/lexus/gs_450h/prices CarsDirect.]

The U.S. [[Hybrid Tax Credits|Federal Income Tax Credit]] is $1,550 for models purchased prior to December 31, 2010.

<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#ccccc>
<td colspan=1>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=ffffcc>
<td>
Base [[Rear-wheel drive|RWD]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=1 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''Price'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=1>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$54,900
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=1>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$48,312
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Gas Mileage==
<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#ccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=ffffcc>
<td>
[[Rear wheel drive|RWD]] [[Continuously Variable Transmission|CVT]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''Engine'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
3.5L [[V6]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''MPG (City/Highway)'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
25/28
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Reliability==

==Safety==
* Driver and front passenger airbags including front, side, side curtain and knee
* Rear side curtain airbags
* Electronic [[Traction Control]]
* Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) [[Electronic Stability Control|electronic stability control]]
* [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)]]
* [[Brake Assist|Braking Assist]]
* Electronic Controlled Braking (ECB) and Electronic Brakeforce Distribution ([[Electronic Brake-Force Distribution|EBD]])
* Tire pressure monitor system
* Highly rigid body structure
* Side impact door beams
* Front and rear crumple zones
* [[Seatbelt Pretensioners|3-point seatbelt]] with Emergency Locking Retractor (ELR) for driver
* [[Seatbelt Pretensioners|3-point seatbelts]] with [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] Locking Retractor/Emergency Locking Retractor (ALR/ELR) for all passengers
* Child Restraint Seat (CRS) tether anchor brackets
* Child safety locks and window lock button on driver door control
* Full-color display backup camera
* Intuitive electronic park assist
* Theft-deterrent and engine immobilizer system
* [[Xenon Headlights|High-Intensity Discharge (HID)]] headlamps with Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS)
* Headlamp washers
* Daytime running lights
* Integrated foglamps
* Rain-sensing variable intermittent windshield wipers

'''Optional Equipment'''
* Pre-Collision System (PCS) radar

==Photos==
[[Image:G450h_interior.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:GS450h_inst.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:GS450h_eng.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:GS450h_rear.jpg|right|300px]]

==Colors==

[[Image:Blue_onyx_pearl.gif|Blue Onyx Pearl]] Blue Onyx Pearl

[[Image:Black_onyx.gif|Black Onyx]] Black Onyx

[[Image:Crystal_white.gif|Crystal White]] Crystal White

[[Image:Glacier_frost_mica.gif|Glacier Frost Mica]] Glacier Frost Mica

[[Image:Gs06_flint_mica.gif|Flint Mica]] Flint Mica

[[Image:Matador_red_mica.gif|Matador Red Mica]] Matador Red Mica

[[Image:Mercury_metallic.gif|Mercury Metallic]] Mercury Metallic

==Main Competitors==
* [[Honda Accord Hybrid]]
* [[Toyota Camry Hybrid]]
* [[Lexus RX 400h]]

==Unique Attributes==
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] claims a total 339 [[HP|HP]] or 253 kW of output power pushing the GS 450h from 0-60 in 5.2 seconds, which is good enough to earn it the title of fastest Hybrid car available for sale.
* A Neiman Marcus limited-edition GS 450h was included in the 2005 Holiday Catalogue. Only 75 of the special cars were produced in a Crystalline Ice exterior color with Neiman Marcus logo clad interior accents and apparently sold out in 3 hours.

==Resale Values==
Due to the limited production and immediate interest there will likely be little to no resale information for some time.

==Worldwide==

==Design Quirks and Oddities==

==See also==

<br>
{| cellspacing=1 cellpadding=1 class="toccolours plainlinks" align="center"
|align="center" colspan=22|'''[[Lexus]], a marque of [[Toyota]], road car timeline, 1989-present'''
|-
|align=center rowspan=2 bgcolor=#F0F0F0|'''Type'''
|align=center colspan=1 width=4% bgcolor=#F0F0F0|1980s
|align=center colspan=10 width=40% bgcolor=#F0F0F0|1990s
|align=center colspan=10 width=40% bgcolor=#F0F0F0|2000s
|- align=center bgcolor=#F0F0F0
|width=4%|9
|width=4%|0||width=4%|1||width=4%|2||width=4%|3||width=4%|4||width=4%|5||width=4%|6||width=4%|7||width=4%|8||width=4%|9
|width=4%|0||width=4%|1||width=4%|2||width=4%|3||width=4%|4||width=4%|5||width=4%|6||width=4%|7||width=4%|8||width=4%|9
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Compact car|Compact]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=7 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus IS 350|IS 200/300]]
|colspan=4 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus IS 350|IS 250/350]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0 rowspan=2| [[Mid-size car|Mid-size]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 250]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 300]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 300]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 300/330]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 350]]
|- align=center
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GS|GS 300]]
|colspan=7 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GS|GS 300/400/430]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GS|GS 300/430/450h]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Full-size car|Full-size]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 400]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 400]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 430]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 460/600h]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Crossover SUV|Crossover]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus RX 350|RX 300]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus RX 350|RX 330/350/400h]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0 rowspan=2| [[SUV]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=10 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=7 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GX 470|GX 470]]
|- align=center
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LX 470|LX 450]]
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LX 470|LX 470]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus JX 470|JX 470]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Sports car|Sports]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus SC 430|SC 300/400]]
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus SC 430|SC 430]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Concept car|Concept]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=10 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=8 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LF|LF]]
|}

==External Links==

* [http://www.lexus.com/models/hybrid/index.html Lexus Hybrids]
* [http://us.lexusownersclub.com/forums/index.php?s=4e891835509645064e2ffca9e8b76757&showforum=79 LexusOwnersClub.com]
* [http://hybridcars.com/lexus-gs450h.html End of the Hybrids As We Know It]
* [http://www.edmunds.com/new/2007/lexus/gs450h/100700963/photos.html GS 450h Picture Gallery]

[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]

Lexus GS 450h

2006-11-20T19:34:40Z

207.212.173.2: /* See also */

[[Image:GS450h.jpg|right|300px]]
The 2007 [[Lexus|Lexus]] GS 450h is the second foray into the [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] market for this brand name of the [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]], the first being last year's [[Lexus RX 400h|RX 400h]] sport utility.

[[Hybrid Cars|Hybrids]] can be designed for fuel economy like the [[Toyota Prius|Toyota_Prius]], or for increased power like the [[Honda Accord Hybrid]]. The [[Lexus|Lexus]] GS 450h, which will use a 3.5-liter [[V6|V6]] engine and a high-output electric motor driving the rear wheels to place the [[HP|horsepower]] at the level of a V8 engine, falls squarely into the latter category.

With just 2,000 units available, even at the $54,900 base price [[Lexus|Lexus]] will easily sell every GS 450h unit.

See WikiCars' comprehensive [[Lexus GS 450h Review|'''Lexus GS 450h Review''']].

==Styles and Major Options==
'''Standard Equipment'''
* 3.5-liter [[V6|V6]] gas engine coupled with a high-output electric-drive motor, producing 340 total net [[HP]]
* [[Continuously Variable Transmission|Electronically controlled Continuously Variable Transmission (ECVT)]]
* Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) advanced stability management
* [[Traction control]]
* [[Regenerative Braking|Regenerative braking]] to capture energy and recharge the battery

'''Optional Equipment'''
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] voice-activated DVD [[Navigation System|Navigation System]] - $1,900
* Mark Levinson® 14-speaker 330-watt premium surround sound audio system - $1,780
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] Pre-Collision System (PCS) and dynamic [[Cruise Control|radar cruise control]] - $2,850
* Active Stabilizer Suspension System (requires run flat tires) - $3,400
* Rear Spoiler - $200
* All-season [[Run-Flat Tires|run-flat tires]] - $400
* Summer [[Run-Flat Tires|run-flat tires]] - $480

'''Dealer Accessories'''
* 18-inch G-Spider alloy wheels
* All-weather floor mats
* Car cover
* Cargo net
* Trunk mat
* Wheel locks
* XM® Satellite radio capability

==Pricing==
The GS 450h base vehicle retails for $54,900 MSRP with a $695 delivery charge, amounting to a base price of $55,595. Prices for all optional equipment on the [[Lexus|Lexus]] GS 450h is available at [http://www.carsdirect.com/lexus/gs_450h/prices CarsDirect.]

The U.S. [[Hybrid Tax Credits|Federal Income Tax Credit]] is $1,550 for models purchased prior to December 31, 2010.

<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#ccccc>
<td colspan=1>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=ffffcc>
<td>
Base [[Rear-wheel drive|RWD]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=1 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''Price'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=1>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$54,900
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=1>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$48,312
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Gas Mileage==
<table border=1 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#ccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=ffffcc>
<td>
[[Rear wheel drive|RWD]] [[Continuously Variable Transmission|CVT]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''Engine'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
3.5L [[V6]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccc>
'''MPG (City/Highway)'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
25/28
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Reliability==

==Safety==
* Driver and front passenger airbags including front, side, side curtain and knee
* Rear side curtain airbags
* Electronic [[Traction Control]]
* Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) [[Electronic Stability Control|electronic stability control]]
* [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)]]
* [[Brake Assist|Braking Assist]]
* Electronic Controlled Braking (ECB) and Electronic Brakeforce Distribution ([[Electronic Brake-Force Distribution|EBD]])
* Tire pressure monitor system
* Highly rigid body structure
* Side impact door beams
* Front and rear crumple zones
* [[Seatbelt Pretensioners|3-point seatbelt]] with Emergency Locking Retractor (ELR) for driver
* [[Seatbelt Pretensioners|3-point seatbelts]] with [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] Locking Retractor/Emergency Locking Retractor (ALR/ELR) for all passengers
* Child Restraint Seat (CRS) tether anchor brackets
* Child safety locks and window lock button on driver door control
* Full-color display backup camera
* Intuitive electronic park assist
* Theft-deterrent and engine immobilizer system
* [[Xenon Headlights|High-Intensity Discharge (HID)]] headlamps with Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS)
* Headlamp washers
* Daytime running lights
* Integrated foglamps
* Rain-sensing variable intermittent windshield wipers

'''Optional Equipment'''
* Pre-Collision System (PCS) radar

==Photos==
[[Image:G450h_interior.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:GS450h_inst.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:GS450h_eng.jpg|right|300px]]
[[Image:GS450h_rear.jpg|right|300px]]

==Colors==

[[Image:Blue_onyx_pearl.gif|Blue Onyx Pearl]] Blue Onyx Pearl

[[Image:Black_onyx.gif|Black Onyx]] Black Onyx

[[Image:Crystal_white.gif|Crystal White]] Crystal White

[[Image:Glacier_frost_mica.gif|Glacier Frost Mica]] Glacier Frost Mica

[[Image:Gs06_flint_mica.gif|Flint Mica]] Flint Mica

[[Image:Matador_red_mica.gif|Matador Red Mica]] Matador Red Mica

[[Image:Mercury_metallic.gif|Mercury Metallic]] Mercury Metallic

==Main Competitors==
* [[Honda Accord Hybrid]]
* [[Toyota Camry Hybrid]]
* [[Lexus RX 400h]]

==Unique Attributes==
* [[Lexus|Lexus]] claims a total 339 [[HP|HP]] or 253 kW of output power pushing the GS 450h from 0-60 in 5.2 seconds, which is good enough to earn it the title of fastest Hybrid car available for sale.
* A Neiman Marcus limited-edition GS 450h was included in the 2005 Holiday Catalogue. Only 75 of the special cars were produced in a Crystalline Ice exterior color with Neiman Marcus logo clad interior accents and apparently sold out in 3 hours.

==Resale Values==
Due to the limited production and immediate interest there will likely be little to no resale information for some time.

==Worldwide==

==Design Quirks and Oddities==

==See also==

<br clear=all>
{| cellspacing=1 cellpadding=1 class="toccolours plainlinks" align="center"
|align="center" colspan=22|'''[[Lexus]], a marque of [[Toyota]], road car timeline, 1989-present'''
|-
|align=center rowspan=2 bgcolor=#F0F0F0|'''Type'''
|align=center colspan=1 width=4% bgcolor=#F0F0F0|1980s
|align=center colspan=10 width=40% bgcolor=#F0F0F0|1990s
|align=center colspan=10 width=40% bgcolor=#F0F0F0|2000s
|- align=center bgcolor=#F0F0F0
|width=4%|9
|width=4%|0||width=4%|1||width=4%|2||width=4%|3||width=4%|4||width=4%|5||width=4%|6||width=4%|7||width=4%|8||width=4%|9
|width=4%|0||width=4%|1||width=4%|2||width=4%|3||width=4%|4||width=4%|5||width=4%|6||width=4%|7||width=4%|8||width=4%|9
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Compact car|Compact]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=7 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus IS 350|IS 200/300]]
|colspan=4 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus IS 350|IS 250/350]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0 rowspan=2| [[Mid-size car|Mid-size]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 250]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 300]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 300]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 300/330]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus ES 350|ES 350]]
|- align=center
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GS|GS 300]]
|colspan=7 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GS|GS 300/400/430]]
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GS|GS 300/430/450h]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Full-size car|Full-size]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 400]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 400]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 430]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LS|LS 460/600h]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Crossover SUV|Crossover]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=5 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus RX 350|RX 300]]
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus RX 350|RX 330/350/400h]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0 rowspan=2| [[SUV]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=10 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=7 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus GX 470|GX 470]]
|- align=center
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=6 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LX 470|LX 450]]
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LX 470|LX 470]]
|colspan=3 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus JX 470|JX 470]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Sports car|Sports]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus SC 430|SC 300/400]]
|colspan=9 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus SC 430|SC 430]]
|- align=center
|bgcolor=#F0F0F0| [[Concept car|Concept]]
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=10 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=8 bgcolor=#E0E0E0|
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#C0C0C0 |[[Lexus LF|LF]]
|}

==External Links==

* [http://www.lexus.com/models/hybrid/index.html Lexus Hybrids]
* [http://us.lexusownersclub.com/forums/index.php?s=4e891835509645064e2ffca9e8b76757&showforum=79 LexusOwnersClub.com]
* [http://hybridcars.com/lexus-gs450h.html End of the Hybrids As We Know It]
* [http://www.edmunds.com/new/2007/lexus/gs450h/100700963/photos.html GS 450h Picture Gallery]

[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]

Nissan Altima Review

2006-10-23T14:28:45Z

207.212.173.2: /* Performance and Handling */

Torque steer

2006-10-23T14:28:08Z

207.212.173.2:

'''Torque steering''' is an effect in [[front wheel drive]] cars caused by large amounts of [[torque]] affecting steering in such a way as to make the front wheels "squirm" (oscillate) from side to side under heavy acceleration, noticeable to the driver by the steering wheel being tugged back and forth by the [[wheel]]s. This effect can be engineered out of front wheel drive cars by using a [[double wishbone suspension]] or an advanced [[multi-link suspension]].

Torque steer is mainly caused by uneven half shafts between the transaxle and wheels. When excessive torque is applied, the longer half shaft flexes more than the shorter one, thus causing one wheel to momentarily spin more slowly than the other, resulting in a steering effect. Ford engineered a simple method of reducing torque steer on its front wheel drive cars by expanding the transaxle to equalize the lengths of the half shafts.

Torque steer can also be caused when the steering axis of the wheel does not pass through the center of the contact point, where the tire meets the ground; i.e. when steering the stationary car, the center of the contact point of the tire on the ground should not move. However, most wheels are offset, and when steered, the front hub assembly rotates on the bottom ball joint, causing the front wheels to move slightly backward or forward on the ground. This slight movement is magnified by the power of the car when driving, due to the steering assembly and struts being under load. Therefore, when power is applied to the wheels and one wheel hits a bump, the offset of the wheel amplifies this, causing the car to pull toward that side.

Any car having both an engine with high torque output (not less than 210N·m or 155lb-ft) and front wheel drive may exhibit some degree of torque steer. Excessive torque steer may also be caused by damage to [[suspension]]/steering components, [[tire]] defects, etc.

An example of a car exhibiting torque steer is the front wheel drive [[Volvo S60]] with the T5 engine (greater than 300 N·m torque output). The [[all wheel drive]] version does not have noticable torque steer, nor do the versions with engines producing less torque.

Nissan Altima Review

2006-10-23T14:09:03Z

207.212.173.2:

Acura TSX Review

2006-09-21T21:26:01Z

207.212.173.2:

See also the main fact sheets for the '''[[Acura TSX]]'''.

==High Points==

==Low Points==

==Performance and Handling==

==Gas Mileage==

==Safety==

==Reliability and Maintenance==

==Interior and Comforts==

==Exterior==

==Styles and Options==

==Main Competitors==

==External Links==
'''''WikiCars Contributor Favorites'''''

'''''Community Sites'''''

Ford Mustang Review

2006-09-05T16:23:24Z

207.212.173.2: /* Interior and Comforts */

See also the main fact sheets for the '''[[Ford Mustang]]'''.
[[Image:mustangyellow.jpg|frame|2006 '''[[Ford]] Mustang GT''' Premium Convertible]]

==High Points==

==Low Points==

==Performance and Handling==

==Gas Mileage==
With only [[V6]] and [[V8]] engines available for the Mustang, it's no surprise that gas mileage is less than optimal. However, the base [[V6]] model still squeezes out a respectable 19mpg in the city and 28mpg on the highway. This is good enough to earn it a 6th place spot on [http://www.autos.com/autos/rankings_mpg?cat=passenger_cars&segment=sporty_cars&rank=mpg&year=2006 Autos.com], but the 1st place finisher cranks out 25/30mpg.

==Safety==
In crash tests carried out by the [http://www.safercar.gov NHTSA], the [[Ford Mustang|Mustang]] performed well, receiving 5/5 stars for front impact and rollover and receiving 4/5 stars for side impact.

[http://www.autos.com/autos/rankings_safety?cat=passenger_cars&segment=sporty_cars&rank=safety&year=2006 Autos.com] ranks the Mustang tied for 4th in its class in safety, behind the [[Chevrolet Corvette]], [[Volkswagen GTI]], and [[Mazda RX-8]].

==Reliability and Maintenance==

==Interior and Comforts==
The interior of the [[Ford Mustang|Mustang]] is clean and surprisingly simple. This is not to say that it lacks in features; amenities such as a 4-speaker CD stereo, tilt steering wheel, front and rear headrests, and power locks and windows all come standard. However, the dashboard layout, climate controls, and stereo interface are all clearly displayed, easily accessible, and, aside from the available leather/chrome trim, retain a relatively simple look. The spedometer and tachometer are large, contained within deep inset moldings, and, along with the three-spoke steering wheel, maintain the new Mustang's retro sensibilities as a bit of a throwback to earlier models. A nice extra touch is a customizable color configuration for guages displayed on the dashboard, adding a personal flair to the package.

Cabin noise is minimal, although the unmistakable roar of the [[V8]] engine may find its way inside. Cloth stitching is the standard, but leather is available, and as with many sports coupes, rear seating is limited in legroom.

Some optional comoforts and conveniences include a Shaker 1000 stereo system with MP3 capability, oil pressure and voltmeter guages, a trip computer, aluminum and leatherette accents, and a systems monitor.

==Exterior==

==Styles and Options==

==Main Competitors==

==External Links==
WikiCars Contributor Favorites

Community Sites

Ford Mustang Review

2006-09-05T16:13:38Z

207.212.173.2: /* Interior and Comforts */

See also the main fact sheets for the '''[[Ford Mustang]]'''.
[[Image:mustangyellow.jpg|frame|2006 '''[[Ford]] Mustang GT''' Premium Convertible]]

==High Points==

==Low Points==

==Performance and Handling==

==Gas Mileage==
With only [[V6]] and [[V8]] engines available for the Mustang, it's no surprise that gas mileage is less than optimal. However, the base [[V6]] model still squeezes out a respectable 19mpg in the city and 28mpg on the highway. This is good enough to earn it a 6th place spot on [http://www.autos.com/autos/rankings_mpg?cat=passenger_cars&segment=sporty_cars&rank=mpg&year=2006 Autos.com], but the 1st place finisher cranks out 25/30mpg.

==Safety==
In crash tests carried out by the [http://www.safercar.gov NHTSA], the [[Ford Mustang|Mustang]] performed well, receiving 5/5 stars for front impact and rollover and receiving 4/5 stars for side impact.

[http://www.autos.com/autos/rankings_safety?cat=passenger_cars&segment=sporty_cars&rank=safety&year=2006 Autos.com] ranks the Mustang tied for 4th in its class in safety, behind the [[Chevrolet Corvette]], [[Volkswagen GTI]], and [[Mazda RX-8]].

==Reliability and Maintenance==

==Interior and Comforts==
The interior of the [[Ford Mustang|Mustang]] is clean and surprisingly simple. This is not to say that it lacks in features; amenities such as a 4-speaker CD stereo, tilt steering wheel, front and rear headrests, and power locks and windows all come standard. However, the dashboard layout, climate controls, and stereo interface are all clearly displayed, easily accessible, and, aside from the available leather/chrome trim, retain a relatively simple look. The spedometer and tachometer are large, contained within deep inset moldings, and, along with the three-spoke steering wheel, maintain the new Mustang's retro sensibilities as a bit of a throwback to earlier models.

Cabin noise is minimal, although the unmistakable roar of the [[V8]] engine may find its way inside. Cloth stitching is the standard, but leather is available, and as with many sports coupes, rear seating is limited in legroom.

Some optional comoforts and conveniences include a Shaker 1000 stereo system with MP3 capability, oil pressure and voltmeter guages, a trip computer, aluminum and leatherette accents, and a systems monitor.

==Exterior==

==Styles and Options==

==Main Competitors==

==External Links==
WikiCars Contributor Favorites

Community Sites

Talk:Subaru B9 Tribeca

2006-08-29T20:44:12Z

207.212.173.2:

~----

~----

Talk:Subaru B9 Tribeca

2006-08-29T20:43:39Z

207.212.173.2:

~----

Talk:Chevrolet TrailBlazer

2006-08-29T19:59:29Z

207.212.173.2:

~----

Dodge Challenger

2006-08-23T15:13:08Z

207.212.173.2:

Add model introduction here.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Dodge Challenger Review]]'''.
===Photos===

===Main Competitors===

===Unique Attributes===
====Styling====

===Criticisms===

===Generations===
(Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary)
====Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)====

====Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)====

====Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)====

====First Generation/Origins====

===Worldwide===

===Design quirks and oddities===

===Awards===

===See Also===

===External Links===

Dodge Challenger

2006-08-23T14:00:12Z

207.212.173.2:

Add model introduction here.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Dodge Challenger Review]]'''.
===Recent Changes===

===Styles and Major Options===

===Pricing===
Today's actual prices for the [[MAKE]] MODEL can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/MAKE/MODEL/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''MODEL Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Trim1
</td>
<td>
Trim2
</td>
<td>
Trim3
</td>
<td>
Trim4
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$Price1
</td>
<td>
$Price2
</td>
<td>
$Price3
</td>
<td>
$Price4
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$Price1
</td>
<td>
$Price2
</td>
<td>
$Price3
</td>
<td>
$Price4
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Gas Mileage===
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Trim1
</td>
<td>
Trim2
</td>
<td>
Trim3
</td>
<td>
Trim4
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=4 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
c/h
</td>
<td>
c/h
</td>
<td>
c/h
</td>
<td>
c/h
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Reliability===

===Safety===

===Photos===

===Colors===

===Main Competitors===

==Hybrid Models==

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==
<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Trim1
</td>
<td>
Trim2
</td>
<td>
Trim3
</td>
<td>
Trim4
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=4 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$
</td>
<td>
$
</td>
<td>
$
</td>
<td>
$
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Criticisms==

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

==Previous Generations==

(Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary)
===Seventh generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Sixth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===First Generation/Origins===

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==

==See also==

==External Links==

Subaru Forester

2006-08-23T13:32:32Z

207.212.173.2: /* Trivia */

[[image:800px-Subaru_Forester_XT_2006_front_right.jpg|right|thumb|240px|2001 Subaru Forester]]
The '''[[Subaru]] Forester''', released in the US in 1998, is a lightweight, small [[crossover SUV]] (or arguably a [[station wagon]]) based on the [[Subaru Impreza]]. Subaru advertising employed the slogan "SUV tough, Car Easy" to appeal to the SUV-oriented market; and to this end, the Forester has features associated with SUVs such as a large, boxy cargo area and more ground clearance than other Subaru models (although it employs a car-like unibody chassis, rather than the body-on-frame construction associated with trucks and larger SUVs).

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{FULLPAGENAMEE}} Review]]'''.
===Recent Changes===
Several elements of the Forester were redesigned for 2006, including the headlights, taillights, grill and dashboard. In addition, its 2.5L engine was boosted from 165[[hp]] to 173[[hp]] and its turbocharged engine has increased from 210[[hp]] to 230[[hp]]. In addition, one of its trim lines, the XS, has been removed from production.

===Styles and Major Options===
Currently, the [[Subaru]] Forester is available in three trims: the Forester 2.5 X, Forester 2.5 X L.L. Bean Edition, and Forester 2.5 XT Limited. All trims come equipped with [[Subaru]]'s standard Symmetrical [[All Wheel Drive]], and all are powered by a 2.5L 173[[hp]] engine, with the exception of the XT Limited, whose engine is turbocharged to produce 230[[hp]]. There is also an optional Premium Package which is only available for the 2.5 X.

===Pricing===
Today's actual prices for the [[Subaru]] Forester can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/subaru/forester/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''Forester Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
2.5 X
</td>
<td>
2.5 X
<br>
<i>w/Premium Package</i>
</td>
<td>
2.5 X
<br>
<i>L.L. Bean Edition</i>
</td>
<td>
2.5 XT Limited
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$21,795
</td>
<td>
$24,145
</td>
<td>
$26,895
</td>
<td>
$27,895
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$20,452
</td>
<td>
$22,569
</td>
<td>
$25,001
</td>
<td>
$26,005
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Gas Mileage===
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
2.5L 173[[hp]]
<br>
<i>manual</i>
</td>
<td>
2.5L 173[[hp]]
<br>
<i>auto</i>
</td>
<td>
2.5L 230[[hp]]
<br>
<i>manual</i>
</td>
<td>
2.5L 230[[hp]]
<br><i>auto</i>
<i>auto</i>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=4 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
22/29
</td>
<td>
23/28
</td>
<td>
20/26
</td>
<td>
21/26
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Reliability===

===Safety===
The Forester has received superb marks in crash tests performed by the [http://www.safercar.gov NHTSA], scoring 5/5 stars in every category but Rollover Rating, for which it earned 4/5 stars. The following safety features are also standard on every trim:
*4-Wheel [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)]]
*Daytime Running Lights
*Driver/Passenger Front [[Airbag]]s
*Seat-Mounted Side Impact [[Airbag]]s
*Side Impact Bars

===Photos===
<gallery>
Image:Subaru1999.jpg|1999 Subaru Forester S
Image:Subaru_forrester.jpg|2001 Subaru Forester
Image:770px-2004_Subaru_Forester.jpg|2004 Subaru Forester
Image:800px-Subaru_Forester_X_2006_front_right.jpg|Subaru Forester X 2006 at the Melbourne International Motor Show
</gallery>

===Colors===
Colors for the Forester can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/2006/subaru/forester/colors CarsDirect.com.]

===Main Competitors===
*[[Toyota RAV4]]
*[[Ford Escape]]
*[[Jeep Liberty]]
*[[Chevrolet Equinox]]
*[[Mazda Tribute]]
*[[Nissan Xterra]]

==Hybrid Models==
There are no plans for [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] models of the Forester.

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==
[http://www.kbb.com Kelley Blue Book] estimates that the Forester will have have a better resale value than the [[Ford Escape]] or [[Mazda Tribute]], yet still trail behind the [[Honda CR-V]] in this category. [http://www.alg.com/deprratings.aspx Automotive Lease Group] rates the Forester's resale value at 3 stars out of 5.

==Criticisms==

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

==Previous Generations==

(Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary)
===Seventh generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Sixth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===First Generation/Origins===

==Worldwide==
Up until recently, the Forester was also sold in India as a [[Chevrolet]] alongside other Chevrolet models sold there. This model featured a naturally aspirated 2.0 L [[flat-4]] engine rated at 120[[HP|hp]]. However, since [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]] no longer holds an ownership stake in Subaru's parent company, Fuji Heavy Industries, this arrangement is in question.
====Australia====
The Forester has three main models available in Australia:
*'''X''' - naturally-aspirated 2.5 L flat-4, 121 kW (162 hp)
*'''XS''' - naturally-aspirated 2.5 L flat-4, 121 kW (162 hp)
*'''XT''' - turbocharged 2.5 L flat-4, 169 kW (226 hp)

The difference between the X and the XS is the styling of the car through its accessories. Both the XS and the XT come with the option of having a "''Luxury Pack''" fitted - allowing for leather seats and a sunroof. Besides the difference in engine between the X or XS when compared to the XT, there are other minor styling differences like the addition of a MOMO steering wheel as standard on the XT model.

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==
*Winner ''Australia's Best Recreational Four Wheel Drive'' in 2000
*Winner ''Australia's Best Recreational Four Wheel Drive'' in 2001
*Winner ''Australia's Best Recreational Four Wheel Drive'' in 2002
*''Car and Driver's'' Best Small SUV 2004
*''Car and Driver's'' Best Small SUV 2005
*''Car and Driver's'' Best Small SUV 2006

==See also==

== External links ==
*[http://www.subaruforester.org/ The Subaru Forester Owners Forum]
*[http://offroadsubarus.com/ Offroad Subarus] (take your Subaru, including Forester, off-road)
*[http://www.chevrolet.co.in/content_data/AP/IN/en/GBPIN/001/BRANDSITE/index_forester.html Chevrolet Forester (India)]
*[http://www.jasononcars.com/2006/02/15/quick-review-subaru-forester-25-xt/ Subaru Forester 2.5 XT Review]

In 2003, a [[turbocharged]] Forester, the '''XT''', was released alongside the [[naturally-aspirated engine|naturally-aspirated]] '''X''' and '''XS''' in the United States as a 2004 model, however the same model had been available since the late 1990s elsewhere in the world. The XT model features a 2.5 L turbocharged engine mated with the same [[Mitsubishi]] TD04 turbocharger used in the [[Subaru Impreza WRX]]. In fact, the engine in the 2004 to 2005 Forester XT is identical to the American market [[Subaru Impreza WRX STi]] except for using the smaller TD04 turbocharger from the WRX, a smaller [[intercooler]], different exhaust system, and different engine management programming.

The 2003 Forester features weight-saving refinements such as an aluminum hood, perforated rails, and a [[hydroforming|hydro-formed]] front frame. The Forester was ''Car and Driver'' magazine's Best Small SUV for 2004, 2005 and 2006.

In 2006, the turbocharged engine (powering the Forester XT) was awarded International Engine of the Year. This engine is also used in the Subaru Impreza WRX, as well as the re-badged [[Saab 9-2X]].

==2006-present==
===US===
For 2006, the Forester exterior was updated with an arguably more upscale look. Just two models are produced:
* '''2.5 X''' - naturally-aspirated 2.5 L [[flat-4]], 173 hp (129 kW)
* '''2.5 XT Limited''' - [[turbocharged]] 2.5 L [[flat-4]], 230 hp (171 kW)

==Trivia==
*Richard Hammond (of Top Gear fame) said of the Forester XT that it will "''take years off the family man''". This was in response to the shape that appealed to the typical "family man" along with the sporty engine that appealed to a younger demographic.

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subaru_Forester Subaru Forester], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Subaru_Forester&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Crossover SUVs]]
[[Category:Subaru vehicles|Forester]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:1990s automobiles]]
[[Category:2000s automobiles]]

Cadillac Escalade

2006-08-23T13:29:44Z

207.212.173.2: /* External Links */

[[Image:cdcescalade.jpg|right|frame|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade''']]
The '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade''' is a full-size luxury [[SUVs|sport utility vehicle]] sold by the [[General Motors|General Motors Corporation]] [[Luxury Cars|luxury brand]], [[Cadillac]]. It was the division's first major entry into the popular [[SUVs|SUV]] market. The Escalade was introduced for the 1999 model year in response to German and Japanese competitors and to [[Ford]]'s 1998 release of the [[Lincoln Navigator]]. The Escalade project went into production only 10 months after it was approved. The standard Escalade is built in Arlington, Texas.

The Escalade was originally based on sister company [[GMC]]'s [[GMC Yukon|Yukon Denali]], but was redesigned for the 2002 model year to make its appearance fall more in line with [[Cadillac]]'s new design theme. The Escalade was not the first [[Chevrolet]]-based [[Cadillac]]: the first-generation [[Cadillac Seville|Seville]] and mid-1980s [[Cadillac Cimarron]] were based on entry-level [[Chevrolet|Chevy]] vehicles ([[Chevrolet Nova|Nova]] and [[Chevrolet Cavalier|Cavalier]], respectively). As of today, the '''Escalade ESV''' (a luxurious [[Chevrolet Suburban|Chevy Suburban]]), especially the '''Escalade EXT''' pickup are, together with the [[Cadillac BLS]], the only [[Cadillac]] vehicles made outside of the United States, since the demise of the German-built [[Cadillac Catera]] in 2001. Both the ''Escalade ESV'' and ''Escalade EXT'' are made in Silao, Mexico.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Cadillac Escalade Review]]'''.
[[Image:cdcesv.jpg|right|frame|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade ESV''']]
[[Image:cdcext.jpg|right|frame|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade EXT''']]

===Recent Changes===
The Escalade will move to the new "''GMT900''" platform for the 2007 model year. Its introduction was accelerated as sales began slipping. The regular Escalade will be joined by a stretched '''ESV''' version as well as a new '''EXT''' pickup truck. The 2007 Escalade was the official vehicle of Super Bowl XL, with MVP Hines Ward being awarded one of the first Escalades produced.

===Styles and Major Options===
==Body styles==
The [[Cadillac]] Escalade comes in three body styles, the regular [[station wagon|wagon]] version, the longer ''ESV'' and the ''EXT'' [[Trucks|pickup truck]].

===Escalade EXT===
[[Image:2003 Cadillac Escalade EXT.JPG|right|thumb|250px|2003 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade EXT''']]
The '''Escalade ''EXT''''' [[Trucks|pickup truck]] (released alongside its twin, the [[Chevrolet Avalanche]]) was introduced in 2002. It features a "Convert-a-Cab" composite pickup bed that can be expanded into the truck's cab through a bottom-hinged door. Like the [[Chevrolet Avalanche|Avalanche]], the ''EXT'' has four full-size doors and seating for five. The ''EXT'' was only offered with the 6.0L High Output engine. [[Bi-xenon Headlights|high-intensity discharge headlights]] were offered for 2003. The Escalade ''EXT'' also appears in the movie, "''The Matrix Reloaded''" along with the [[Cadillac CTS|CTS]] in roduct placement ads.

The Escalade ''EXT'' was created as a direct competitor to the failed [[Lincoln Mark LT|Lincoln Blackwood]], a pickup truck based on the [[Lincoln Navigator|Navigator]] SUV. Currently, it competes with the [[Lincoln Mark LT]], another Navigator-based pickup truck that made its debut in 2006.

===Escalade ESV===
[[Image:2006_Cadillac_Escalade_ESV_2.JPG|right|thumb|300px|2006 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade ESV''']]
The extended-length '''Escalade ''ESV''''' (based on the [[Chevrolet Suburban|Chevy Suburban]] and [[GMC Yukon|GMC Yukon XL]]) was introduced in 2003. The Escalade ''ESV'' is also [[Cadillac]]'s most expensive [[SUVs|SUV]] with prices ranging from $59,680 for a base "''Standard''" version to $71,050 for a top-of-the-line "''Escalade Platinum''".

The Escalade line has proven very popular with after-market tuners, who personalize vehicles for usually affluent customers. While such work is not done by the [[Cadillac]] factory, much can be ordered through a [[Cadillac]] dealer and done by third-party companies. Much like the customized [[Cadillac]]s of the 1970s (during the "''pimpmobile craze''"), popular modifications include larger wheels, increased engine performance and custom paint. Due to its expensive parts and exposure from celebrity ownership, the Escalade has also been proven to be popular with car thieves as well, becoming the most frequently stolen vehicle from 2001-2003 according to the '''Highway Loss Data Institute'''.

==The Escalade in Pop-Culture==
The Escalade has been featured in many hip-hop music videos, and it may have been the reason for [[Cadillac]]'s recent popularity among the urban demographic. James Gandolfini, who plays the character of "Tony Soprano," drives around New Jersey in an [[Cadillac]] Escalade ESV in HBO's "The Sopranos". It continues to be popular among younger actors and athletes.

==Pricing==
Today's actual prices for the [[Cadillac]] Escalade can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/cadillac/escalade/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''2007 Escalade Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Escalade 4x2
</td>
<td>
Escalade [[Four Wheel Drive|4x4]]
</td>
<td>
Escalade ESV [[Four Wheel Drive|4x4]]
</td>
<td>
Escalade EXT [[Four Wheel Drive|4x4]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$54,725
</td>
<td>
$57,280
</td>
<td>
$59,680
</td>
<td>
$58,990
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$54,045
</td>
<td>
$56,590
</td>
<td>
$53,530
</td>
<td>
$54,210
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Gas Mileage==
While power is absolute, it won't come at the cost of fuel efficiency with the new Escalade. The all new 403-[[HP|hp]] 6.2L Vortec [[V8]] VVT engine produces the highest [[HP|horsepower]] of any [[SUVs|SUV]] that can seat seven or more passengers, while also offering unsurpassed highway fuel economy in its class.

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages for the 2007 [[Cadillac]] Escalade are as follows:

* ''City'': 13 MPG
* ''Highway'': 19 MPG
* ''Combined'': 15 MPG

==Reliability==
In an online review done by [http://www.autos.com/autos/suvs/luxury_suvs/reviews Autos.com], the [[Cadillac]] Escalade EXT came in '''seventh''' and the Escalade and Escalade ESV tied for '''eighth'''.

==Safety==
All three Escalade trims ranked '''fifth''' for safety on [http://www.autos.com/autos/rankings_safety?cat=suvs&segment=luxury_suvs&rank=safety&year=0 Autos.com].

==Photos==
[[image:escinterior1.jpg|frame|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade''' Interior shown in ''Ebony'']]
[[image:esvinterior.jpg|frame|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade ESV''' Interior shown in ''Cashmere'']]

==Colors==
'''Exterior'''
* Black Raven
* Blue Chip
* Gold Mist
* Quiksilver
* Radiant Branze
* Red E
* White Diamond
* Rip Tide Blue

'''Interior'''
* Cashmere
* Ebony

==Main Competitors==
* [[Hummer H2|Hummer H2 SUV & SUT]]
* [[Infiniti QX56]]
* [[Land Rover Range Rover]]
* [[Lincoln Navigator]]
* [[Lexus LX|Lexus LX 470]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz GL-Class]] (and possibly the smaller [[Mercedes-Benz ML-Class|ML-Class]])

==Hybrid Models==
For more information, see: '''[[Cadillac Escalade Hybrid]]'''

==Unique Attributes==
Stretching 221.4 inches, the EXT and ESV are two inches longer than a [[Chevrolet Suburban|Chevy Suburban]], placing them among the longest vehicles on the road.

==Resale Values==
Resale values for the [http://www.carsdirect.com/cadillac/escalade/generations Cadillac Escalade], [http://www.carsdirect.com/cadillac/escalade_esv/generations Cadillac Escalade ESV], and [http://www.carsdirect.com/cadillac/escalade_ext/generations Cadillac Escalade EXT] are available at CarsDirect.

==Criticisms==
* The Escalade's [[Bi-xenon Headlights|high-intensity-discharge lights]] bother drivers coming toward the vehicle and they irritate those driving immediately in front of it." - '''Cars.com'''

* "Towing is rated at 8,000 pounds, which is okay for a small weekend toy. If you need more grunt, the [[Chevrolet Avalanche|Chevy Avalanche]] has a more powerful version." - '''Cars.com'''

==Generations==
===Third generation (2007–present)===
[[image:gen3cad.jpg|frame|left|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade [[Four wheel drive|4x4]]]]
The Escalade uses an all-aluminum 6.2L Vortec [[V8]]. The pushrod engine boasts variable valve timing, a first in a mass-produced non-overhead cam engine. The system adjusts both intake and exhaust timing between two settings. This engine produces 403-[[HP|hp]] (301 kW) and 417 ft·lbs (565 N·m). A new six-speed 6L80 Hydra-Matic [[automatic transmission]] will be used. The new body boasts a 0.363 drag coefficient, though the large frontal area will hurt aerodynamics.

One major new feature absent from the production vehicle is American Axle's "I-Ride" rear [[independent suspension]] module. Instead, a conventional five-link suspension is used.

Production of the redesigned Escalade began at Arlington Assembly in January 2006. It will be priced from $57,280, though the rear wheel drive version at this price will not be produced until August. The more expensive all wheel drive version will be produced first, followed by the long wheelbase ''ESV'' and ''EXT'' pickup in June.

A special '''Platinum ESV''' model will follow in 2007. [[General Motors|GM]]'s Active Fuel Management will come in 2008.

The Escalade can accelerate to 60 mph (97 km/h) in 6.8 seconds. Fuel economy is rated at 14 MPG (16.8 L/100 km) in the city and 19 MPG (13.8 L/100 km) on the highway.

Engines:
* 2007-present — 6.2L ''Vortec 6200]]'' [[V8]], 400-[[HP|hp]] (298kW)

===Second Generation/Origins (2002-2006)===
[[image:gen2cads.jpg|frame|Second Generation '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade''' trims]]
The Escalade was not offered for the 2001 model year, but returned completely redesigned for the 2002 model year. [[Rear wheel drive|Rear-wheel drive]] was standard, as was a 5.3L [[V8]], with [[Four wheel drive|four-wheel drive]] and the special High-Output Vortec 6000 6.0L [[V8]] engine as options.

The "''StabiliTrak''" [[Electronic Stability Control|stability control]] system was upgraded to a four-wheel version for 2003 and power-adjustable pedals were added. For 2004, 20-inch chrome wheels (also known as "'''dubs'''") were offered, and XM [[Satellite Radio|satellite radio]], second-row bucket seats, and a tire pressure monitoring system were all made standard on all Escalades except the EXT. The 5.3L engine was dropped for 2005 and the ''OnStar'' system was upgraded.

Engines:
* 2002-2003 5.3L ''Vortec 5300'' [[V8]], 285-[[HP|hp]] (213kW)
* 2004 5.3L ''Vortec 5300'' [[V8]], 295-[[HP|hp]] (220 kW)
* 2002-2005 6.0L ''High-Output Vortec 6000'' [[V8]], 345-[[HP|hp]] (257kW)

===First Generation/Origins (1999-2000)===
The first Escalade was very similar to the top ''[[GMC Denali|Denali]]'' trim of the [[GMC Yukon]]. It shared all of that truck's exterior panels, which were themselves differentiated at the front from the regular [[GMC Yukon|Yukon]]/[[Chevrolet Tahoe|Tahoe]]. Even the wheels were identical, with the [[GMC]] center caps replaced by [[Cadillac]] crests.

The Escalade also used the same 5.7L ''Vortec 5700'' [[V8]] at 255-[[HP|hp]] (190kW). All first-generation Escalades featured [[All wheel drive|all-wheel drive]]. For 2000, unique vertical rear doors were added.

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==
Though they differ in body style, the [[Cadillac]] Escalade, Escalade ESV, and Escalade EXT share drivetrains, chassis architecture and styling cues.

==Awards==

==See also==
* [[SUVs]]
* [[Chevrolet Tahoe|Chevy Tahoe]]
* [[GMC Yukon]]

==External Links==
*[http://www.GM-Trucks.com GM-Trucks.com]
*[http://www.gmfullsize.com GMFullSize.com]
*[http://www.cadillac.com/cadillacjsp/model/gallery.jsp?model=escalade Cadillac.com/Esclade]
*[http://www.cadillac.com/cadillacjsp/model/gallery.jsp?model=esv Cadillac.com/[[Electronic Stability Control|Esc]]]
*[http://www.cadillac.com/cadillacjsp/model/gallery.jsp?model=ext Cadillac.com/Ext]
*[http://www.caddyinfo.com/ Caddyinfo.com] - Cadillac Discussion Forum and Technical Information

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_Escalade Cadillac Escalade], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cadillac_Escalade&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Cadillac vehicles|Escalade]]
[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]
[[Category:Pickup trucks]]
[[Category:SUVs]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]

Toyota Sequoia

2006-08-23T13:22:15Z

207.212.173.2: /* External links */

[[Image:TS_temp.jpg|right|250px]]
The '''Toyota Sequoia''' is a full-size [[SUV]] built by [[Toyota]] and based on their [[Toyota Tundra|Tundra]] [[pickup truck]]. Introduced in 2000 for the 2001 model year, it was slotted in price between the midsize [[Toyota 4Runner|4Runner]] and the [[Toyota Land Cruiser|Land Cruiser]]. The Sequoia was nominated for the ''North American Truck of the Year'' award for 2001. Also, it filled the gap when the Land Cruiser was dropped for the Canadian market in 1995. The Sequoia is built at Toyota's Princeton, Indiana truck assembly plant and is currently sold exclusively in the United States and Canada.

[[Image:800px-Toyota_Sequoia_Old.jpg|250px|left|thumb|2001-2004 Toyota Sequoia]]

The Sequoia was originally shown in car shows in 1999 and 2000. Engine, driveline, and some sheetmetal components are shared with the Tundra, and shares the same basic chassis, with the exception of rear disc brakes and a multi-link rear suspension. It received minor cosmetic updates for 2004 and gained a more powerful engine equipped with VVT-i. The Sequoia is slightly longer than the Land Cruiser, however, it is barely noticeable.

The Sequoia comes in two trim levels; ''SR5'' and ''Limited''. The ''SR5'' starts at $32,820 while the more expensive ''Limited'' starts at $41,855. It can be had in both four-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive versions.

In Mexico, it was sold from 2003 to 2005, at a price of around MXP$399,000 (around US$39,000) for the SR5 and MXP$499,000 (around US$49,000) for the Limited. However, sales of the Sequoia were poor in Mexico and was dropped as a result.

==External links==
* [http://www.toyota.com/sequoia/ Toyota.com : Vehicles : Sequoia] is Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.'s official Sequoia page.
* [http://www.faqs.org/faqs/autos/toyota-faq/tundra/index.html#ct Toyota Tundra FAQ, section 1.3]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Sequoia Toyota Sequoia], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toyota_Sequoia&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Toyota vehicles|Sequoia]]
[[Category:SUVs]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:2000s automobiles]]

Mazda Mazda6

2006-08-23T13:21:17Z

207.212.173.2: /* References */

[[Image:Greyonwhite.jpg|right|400px|thumb|2005 Mazda6]]
The '''Mazda Atenza''' or '''Mazda6''' is a midsize car from the Japanese carmaker [[Mazda]]. Replacing the [[Mazda Capella|Capella]]/[[Mazda 626|626]], the Atenza/Mazda6 has sold over one million units worldwide since its introduction, making it the fastest Mazda vehicle to reach the one million mark.
See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{FULLPAGENAMEE}} Review]]'''.
===Recent Changes===

===Styles and Major Options===
The Mazda Mazda6 is available in four trims: the Sports Sedan, 5-door Hatchback, Sports Wagon, and Mazdaspeed6 edition. Certain engines are only available with certain trims, and there are various option packages to choose from.

===Pricing===
Today's actual prices for the [[Mazda]] Mazda6 can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/MAKE/MODEL/prices CarsDirect].

{| class="wikitable" style="float:left; margin:1em 0 1em 1em" style="border:2px solid #AAAAAA"
!2006 [[Mazda]] Mazda6 Trim
!MSRP
!Invoice
|- bgcolor="#F2F2F2"
|Mazda6 i Sedan||align="center"|$19,110||align="center"|$17,658
|-
|Mazda6 s Sedan||align="center"|$23,010||align="center"|$21,248
|- bgcolor="#F2F2F2"
|Mazda6 i Sport Sedan||align="center"|$21,810||align="center"|$20,143
|-
|Mazda6 s Sport Sedan||align="center"|$23,910||align="center"|$22,076
|- bgcolor="#F2F2F2"
|Mazda6 i Grand Touring Sedan||align="center"|$24,710||align="center"|$22,812
|-
|Mazda6 s Grand Touring Sedan||align="center"|$27,260||align="center"|$25,159
|- bgcolor="#F2F2F2"
|Mazda6 i Grand Sport Sedan||align="center"|$25,210||align="center"|$23,272
|-
|Mazda6 s Grand Sport Sedan||align="center"|$27,110||align="center"|$25,020
|- bgcolor="#F2F2F2"
|Mazda6 i Sport Hatchback||align="center"|$22,210||align="center"|$20,511
|-
|Mazda6 s Sport Hatchback||align="center"|$24,510||align="center"|$22,628
|- bgcolor="#F2F2F2"
|Mazda6 s Grand Sport Hatchback||align="center"|$27,710||align="center"|$25,572
|-
|Mazda6 s Wagon||align="center"|$23,610||align="center"|$21,799
|- bgcolor="#F2F2F2"
|Mazda6 s Sport Wagon||align="center"|$24,610||align="center"|$22,719
|-
|Mazda6 s Grand Touring Wagon||align="center"|$27,160||align="center"|$25,067
|- bgcolor="#F2F2F2"
|Mazda6 s Grand Sport Wagon||align="center"|$27,910||align="center"|$25,717
|-
|Mazdaspeed6 All-Wheel Drive Sport||align="center"|$27,995||align="center"|$25,833
|- bgcolor="#F2F2F2"
|Mazdaspeed6 All-Wheel Drive Grand Touring||align="center"|$29,925||align="center"|$27,608
|}

===Gas Mileage===
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=5>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
2.3L 4-cyl.
<br>
<i>Manual</i>
</td>
<td>
2.3L 4-cyl.
<br>
<i>Automatic</i>
</td>
<td>
3.0L 6-cyl.
<br>
<i>Manual</i>
</td>
<td>
3.0L 6-cyl.
<br>
<i>Automatic</i>
</td>
<td>
2.3L 4-cyl.
<br>
<i>6-spd. Manual</i>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=5 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
24/31
</td>
<td>
23/32
</td>
<td>
20/27
</td>
<td>
19/27
</td>
<td>
19/25
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Reliability===

===Safety===
Based on crash tests performed by the [http://www.safercar.gov NHTSA], the Mazda6 has received mostly excellent ratings since its introduction in 2002. The one area that falls slightly short is its Front Seat Side-Impact rating, which, at 3/5 stars, is merely average.

Each Mazda6 trim comes standard with several safety features, including:
*4-wheel [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)]]
*Front Impact [[Airbag]]s
*Occupancy Sensor
*Side Impact Bars
*Ignition Disable

===Photos===
<gallery>
image:Facingleft.jpg|Mazda6 Sedan
image:Sedaninterior.jpg|Sedan Interior
image:Sedandriving.jpg
image:Redhatchback.jpg|Mazda6 Hatchback
image:Wagonright.jpg|Mazda6 Wagon
image:Wagoninterior.jpg|Wagon Interior
</gallery>

===Colors===
Colors vary between the [http://www.carsdirect.com/2006/mazda/mazda6/colors Mazda6] and the [http://www.carsdirect.com/mazda/mazdaspeed6/colors Mazdaspeed6], and colors vary within these trims as well.

===Main Competitors===
*[[Volkswagen Passat]]
*[[Honda Accord]]
*[[Toyota Camry]]
*[[Hyundai Sonata]]
*[[Nissan Maxima]]

==Hybrid Models==
While [[Ford]] also uses the Mazda6's CD3 platform as the basis for a number of their vehicles and subsequently plans to offer a [[Hybrid Car|hybrid]] powertrain on the platform for some models, [[Mazda]] has not announced any such plans for the Mazda6.

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==
According to [http://www.kbb.com Kelley Blue Book], "the Mazda6 is expected to hold a modest resale value, retaining an estimated 56 to 59 percent of its value at 24 months, depending upon the trim level. That's much lower than the values projected for the Honda Accord, Toyota Camry, VW Jetta and Nissan Altima, but better than those of the Ford Fusion, Hyundai Sonata and Mitsubishi Galant."

==Criticisms==
*"The Mazda6 is not as spacious as many of its competitors." - Kelley Blue Book
*"The other minor shortcoming is that an auto-down/up feature is available only for the driver's window." - Edmunds.com
*"We like Mazda's talk of connecting emotionally with customers. But we're not sure they've reached far enough with the 6 to grab the attention they need." - Motor Trend

==Current Generation==
[[Image:Mazda_6_Kombi_titan_2005.jpg|right|thumb|250px|2005 Mazda6 wagon]]
During 2005, a 6-speed automatic became available on the 6-cylinder models, while the 4-cylinder sedan received a 5-speed manually shiftable automatic.

==First Generation/Origins==
North American Mazda6 production is handled at the AutoAlliance International plant which is a joint venture between Ford and Mazda. The first Mazda6 rolled off this Flat Rock, Michigan assembly line on October 1, 2002, just one month after production of the [[Mazda 626|626]] ended. In its first years, the Mazda6 came with a 4-speed automatic, 5-speed automatic "AT" or a 5-speed manual transmission.

==Future Generations==
====2008====
Mazda is reportedly developing a replacement for the Mazda6 for the 2008 model year. This new vehicle would reportedly use the 3.5 L V6 Ford Duratec 35 V6 engine with over 250 hp. Insiders predict that the turbocharged MZI engine might be the base offering and that all wheel drive will be available more widely. In addition, it has been said that the next generation Mazda6 will in fact be larger, more luxurious, and take on a shape similar to the [[Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class]] 4-door coupe.

==Mazdaspeed Atenza==
[[Image:2006_Mazdaspeed_6.jpg|thumb|right|250px|2006 Mazdaspeed Mazda6]]
The 2006 '''Mazdaspeed Atenza''' (known as '''Mazdaspeed 6''' in North America and '''Mazda6 MPS''' in Europe and Australia) is a high-performance version of the Mazda6. It features a [[turbocharged]] version of the 2.3 L MZR [[Straight-4|I4]] which produces 272 PS (200 kW) (European version is detuned to 260 PS (191 kW); the North American version, at 274 hp (204 kW), is more powerful). This 2.3 L DISI turbocharged engine features direct fuel injection and conforms to the new Euro 5 emissions standards. It has a revised front fascia with a raised hood, a 6-speed transmission, and [[all wheel drive]]. The all wheel drive system uses Mazda's '''Active Torque Split''' computer-based control which routes up to 50% of the power to the rear wheels depending on driving conditions. Mazda currently has no plans to enter the car into rally racing, and the Mazdaspeed Atenza is meant to compete with its Japanese-made rival, the [[Subaru Legacy|Subaru Legacy GT]] and similar sport sedans rather than the smaller, rally-car-derived [[Subaru Impreza WRX STi]] and [[Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution]].

[[Image:2006 Mazdaspeed 6 front.JPG|thumb|right|250px|2006 Mazdaspeed Mazda6]]
Originally scheduled to be launched in June 2005, the Mazdaspeed Atenza was delayed until November. In North America, the Mazdaspeed6 comes in two trim levels; the "Sport" trim with cloth interior and standard key entry and ignition; and the "Grand Touring" trim with leather interior, keyless entry/ignition, and an optional DVD navigation (of which the Canadian model lacks DVD navigation). Automatic climate control is standard, as is a 200 W Bose stereo system featuring 7 speakers and a 9 in. subwoofer in addition to an in-dash 6-disc CD changer. A [[sunroof]] with [[moonroof]] feature is optional on the Grand Touring trim.

Although Mazda estimates 0-60 mph times to be 6.2 seconds, recent independent tests by automotive journalists have suggested that the actual numbers might range between 5.4-6 seconds (with DSC deactivated).

==Worldwide==
Not all configurations are available in all areas. For example, the Mazda6 as released in Australia was a four-cylinder car only, while the last 626 which it replaced was a four or six-cylinder car. In addition, the name Atenza (which means Attention) is used only in Japan; the Mazda6 moniker is used everywhere else in the world. In China, the Mazda Atenza is used as the base for the Hongqi Benteng, an upscale model in the Red Flag range manufactured by the First Automobile Works in Jilin Province.

European versions also feature a four-cylinder [[turbo]][[diesel]], and while power is directed to the front wheels only in most markets, full-time [[all wheel drive]] models are available in Japan and Europe.

Hofu plants in Hiroshima produce the Mazda6 for Europe and some Asia markets, including Australia. There are also satellite plants building Mazda6 models in China and Thailand for their respective local markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==
The Mazda6 was 2nd place European car of the year and made ''Car and Driver'' magazine's Ten Best list for 2003. The ''Sport Wagon'' won the Canadian Car of the Year ''Best New Station Wagon'' award, while the ''Sport'' sedan won the Canadian Car of the Year ''Best New Family Car'' award for 2005. The Atenza Wagon also won What Car?'s ''Best Estate'' award in 2004.

==See also==

==External links==
*[http://www.mazdausa.com/mazda6/ Official Mazda6 Site]
*[http://www.mazda6tech.com Mazda6Tech]
*[http://www.mazda6club.com Mazda6Club]
*[http://www.roadtests.com/research/mazda/mazda6/ RoadTests.com - Mazda Mazda6]

==References==
* [http://www.autoblog.com/2006/03/17/mazda-makes-millionth-mazda6/ Autoblog: Mazda makes millionth Mazda6]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazda_Atenza Mazda Atenza], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mazda_Atenza&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Mazda vehicles|Atenza]]
[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Ford CD3 platform]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:2003 introductions]]

Nissan Frontier

2006-08-23T13:17:05Z

207.212.173.2: /* External links */

[[Image:800px-Frontier.jpg|right|thumb|350px|Nissan Frontier]]
The '''Nissan Frontier''' is a model of [[pickup truck]] assembled by Nissan and sold under the [[Nissan]] brand name. Nissan was the pioneer of the compact pickup truck market in 1959, joined in the 1960s by [[Mazda]] and [[Toyota]]. Since 1959, Nissan is known for a number of notable firsts in the compact pickup truck market, including the first extended cab bodystyle (in the 1979 Nissan King Cab) and the first crew cab bodystyle, in the 2000 Frontier. Frontiers are currently built in Smyrna, Tennessee.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{FULLPAGENAMEE}} Review]]'''.
===Recent Changes===
After having been redesigned for the 2005 model year, the 2006 Frontier remains largely untouched, save for a few new options.

===Styles and Major Options===
There are four major trims available for the [[Nissan]] Frontier: the '''XE King Cab''', '''SE King Cab/Crew Cab''', '''NISMO King Cab/Crew Cab''', and '''LE King Cab/Crew Cab'''. With the exception of the XE, which is only available in a two-wheel drive King Cab, all of the trims are available in a varying combination of two- or [[Four wheel drive|four-wheel drive]], [[manual transmission|manual]] or [[automatic transmission]], and either King Cab or the larger Crew Cab. Additionally, while all of them share many of the same standard features, each of them offers a different set of optional features:

====Standard Features====
*4-wheel [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|anti-lock braking system]]
*[[Electronic Brake-Force Distribution|Electronic brake-force distribution]]
*Tire pressure monitoring system
*Locking tailgate
*Second row underseat storage
*Sun visors, cup holders, and 3 12-volt DC power outlets

====XE King Cab====
*2.5-L 154-[[HP]] [[Straight-4|4-cylinder]] engine
*5-speed [[manual transmission]]
*15" steel wheels
*Forward facing rear flip-up seats

====SE King Cab/Crew Cab====
[[image:Frontier_crew_cab.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Nissan]] Frontier Crew Cab]]
*4.0-L 265-[[HP]] [[V6]] engine
*6-speed [[manual transmission]]
*16" aluminum alloy wheels
*''Utili-track'' bed channel system in Crew Cab
*Chrome front bumper

====NISMO King Cab/Crew Cab====
*4.0-L 265-[[HP]] [[V6]] engine
*5-speed [[automatic transmission]]
*16" aluminum alloy wheels
*Bilstein off-road shocks
*Electronic locking rear differential
*Skid plates
*Fog lights

====LE King Cab/Crew Cab====
*4.0-L 265-[[HP]] [[V6]] engine
*5-speed [[automatic transmission]]
*17" aluminum alloy wheels
*Fog lights
*Roof rack for Crew Cab
*''Utili-track'' bed channel system
*Power windows and locks

===Pricing===
Today's actual prices for the [[Nissan]] Frontier can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/nissan/frontier/prices CarsDirect]. Prices listed below are for base versions of each trim; additional costs will apply, depending on choices made between two/[[four wheel drive]], [[manual transmission|manual]]/[[automatic transmission]], and King Cab/Crew Cab.

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=7>
'''[[Nissan]] Frontier Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
XE King Cab
</td>
<td>
SE King Cab
</td>
<td>
SE Crew Cab
</td>
<td>
NISMO King Cab
</td>
<td>
NISMO Crew Cab
</td>
<td>
LE King Cab
</td>
<td>
LE Crew Cab
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=7>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$15,900
</td>
<td>
$19,100
</td>
<td>
$20,950
</td>
<td>
$22,450
</td>
<td>
$24,500
</td>
<td>
$22,650
</td>
<td>
$24,350
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=7>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$15,038
</td>
<td>
$18,064
</td>
<td>
$19,813
</td>
<td>
$20,997
</td>
<td>
$22,915
</td>
<td>
$21,184
</td>
<td>
$22,774
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Gas Mileage===
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=6>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
2WD
<br>
''manual''
</td>
<td>
2WD
<br>
''automatic''
</td>
<td>
V6 2WD
<br>
''manual''
</td>
<td>
V6 2WD
<br>
''automatic''
</td>
<td>
V6 4WD
<br>
''manual''
</td>
<td>
V6 4WD
<br>
''automatic''
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=6 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
22/25
</td>
<td>
19/24
</td>
<td>
17/21
</td>
<td>
16/20
</td>
<td>
17/21
</td>
<td>
15/20
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Reliability===
Although reliability data is not yet available for the newest model of the Frontier, past models have consistently received very high ratings across the board.

===Safety===
All trims of the [[Nissan]] Frontier come equipped with the same standard safety features, with the exception of supplemental side-impact [[airbag]]s, which are optional. These features include:
*Advanced airbag system with occupancy sensors
*3-point seat belts
*Active head restraints
*LATCH system for children
*4-wheel [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|anti-lock brakes]]
*[[Electronic Brake-Force Distribution|Electronic brake-force distribution]]
*Side impact door beams

===Photos===
<gallery>
image:2006_Frontier_king_cab.jpg|2006 [[Nissan]] Frontier King Cab
image:Frontier_king_cab_interior.jpg|King Cab rear interior
image:2006_Frontier_LE_roof_rack.jpg|2006 [[Nissan]] Frontier LE Crew Cab
image:Frontier utili-track.jpg|[[Nissan]] Frontier ''Utili-track''
</gallery>

===Colors===
Colors for the [[Nissan]] Frontier can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/nissan/frontier/colors CarsDirect.com].

'''Exterior'''
[[image:Frontier_face_left.jpg|right|thumb|300px]]
*Avalanche
*Granite
*Majestic Blue
*Radiant Silver
*Red Alert
*Red Brawn
*Storm Gray
*Super Black

'''Interior'''
*Blue
*Charcoal
*Desert
*Graphite
*Steel

===Main Competitors===
*[[Chevrolet Colorado]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIT121A0,USB60CHT351C0 Side-By-Side Comparison]
*[[GMC Canyon]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIT121A0,USB60GMT221A0 Side-By-Side Comparison]
*[[Toyota Tacoma]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIT121A0,USB60TOT091A0 Side-By-Side Comparison]
*[[Ford F-150]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIT121A0,USB60FOT111A0 Side-By Side Comparison]
*[[Honda Ridgeline]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIT121A0,USB60HOT011A0 Side-By-Side Comparison]
*[[Dodge Dakota]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIT121A0,USB60DDT073A0 Side-By-Side Comparison]

==Hybrid Models==
There is no [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] model of the Frontier.

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==
According to Kelley Blue Book, the four-cylinder 2WD XE King Cab is projected to retain 58 percent of its value after a 2-year period, while the 4WD SE Crew Cab is expected to hold an impressive 67 percent.

==Criticisms==
*No [[V6]] engine available until 1999
*No standard cab available
*Turning radius larger than preferred
*5-Speed automatic transmission shifts hard under heavy acceleration

==Current Generation: (2004–present)==
Initially, the Frontier was considered compact, but beginning with the totally-redesigned 2005 Frontier (introduced at the 2004 North American International Auto Show), it became more mid-sized. Built from the new Nissan F-Alpha platform, it now resembles the company's full-size [[Nissan Titan]] truck.

The new truck's wheelbase is 125.9 in (3.20 m) with a 205.5 in (5.22 m) overall length. Towing capacity is 6500 lb (2,950 kg). A 4.0 L VQ-family [[V6]], the VQ40DE, is the standard engine, and it produces a respectable 265 hp (198 kW) with 284 ft·lbf (385 N·m) of torque. Also available is the QR25DE four-cylinder engine, which is also found in the Sentra SE-R Spec V sports sedan. A six-speed manual is standard with a five-speed [[automatic transmission|automatic]] optional. Both [[rear wheel drive|rear]] and four-wheel drive are available. [[Traction control]] and [[hill-descent control]] are also available.

===First Generation/Origins===
[[image:1998_Frontier.jpg|thumb|right|350px|The 1998 Nissan Frontier]]
The Frontier was introduced in 1997 for the 1998 model year as a replacement for the aging Nissan pickup. Nissan first offered the Frontier with a 4-cylinder engine, the KA24DE, but added the 6-cylinder engine, the VG33E in 1999. The truck was available only in a standard cab offering at first, but a king cab configuration was also added in 1999.

That changed in 1999 with the 2000 Frontier Crew Cab. The Crew Cab was the first compact pickup to offer a 4-door bodystyle. Until that point, crew cabs were heavy duty versions of full-size trucks and were mainly used as commercial vehicles.

For 2001, Nissan facelifted the Frontier, introducing bolder styling in an effort to make it more appealing to younger buyers. The Frontier was completely redone after the 2004 model year.

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==

==See also==

==External links==
* [http://www.nissanusa.com/frontier/ Official Nissan Frontier Website]
* [http://www.clubfrontier.org ClubFrontier.org] -- a Nissan Frontier Owners Club.

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan_Frontier Nissan Frontier], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nissan_Frontier&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Pickup trucks]]
[[Category:Compact Pickup trucks]]
[[Category:Nissan vehicles|Frontier]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:1990s automobiles]]
[[Category:2000s automobiles]]

Lexus ES

2006-08-23T13:16:06Z

207.212.173.2: /* External Links */

[[Image:esgray.jpg|right|frame|2007 '''[[Lexus]] ES 350''' shown in ''Tungsten Pearl'']]
The '''[[Lexus]] ES''' series is a family of mid-size [[sedan]]s produced by the [[Lexus]] division of [[Toyota]] from 1989 to the present and built in Tsutsumi, Japan. The series has always been built off of the [[Toyota Camry]] platform with a [[V6]] engine and [[automatic transmission]]. For long, it had been [[Lexus]]'s entry-level car, competing with the [[Infiniti G20]], [[Infiniti I30|I30]] and [[Acura TL]] until the arrival of the [[Lexus IS]] in 2001. The '''ES 250''', built from August 30, 1989 until July 5, 1991, shared the body style of the contemporary [[Toyota Camry|Camry]], while the '''[[Toyota]] Windom''', a Japan-only model, shared the ES's body style from the second generation onwards. The fifth-generation ES 350 was unveiled in the spring of 2006 as a 2007 model, and is a major redesign.

In 1989, [[Toyota]] announced the launch of its [[Luxury Cars|luxury-car]] lineup, with two models, the '''[[Lexus LS|LS 400]]''' and the '''ES 250'''. At that time, officals at [[Lexus]] didn't think the smaller ES would be as popular as the larger [[Lexus LS|LS]]. However, the ES surpassed their sales expectations and created a new segment of [[Luxury Cars|luxury cars]], the "''near-luxury cars''." As stated on [[Lexus]].com the total number of ESs sold last year exceded that of the total number of LSs sold almost threefold ([http://www.lexus.com/models/es/review.html 67,577 vs. 26,043]).

Now, almost twenty years later, the [[Lexus]] lineup has increased in size and type of vehicles to include 3 [[SUV]]s, 1 sports car, and 4 [[Luxury Cars|luxury sedans]], including the robust ES. The fifth generation ES has the "''350''" label to mirror changes made to the engine.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Lexus ES Review]]'''.
===Recent Changes===
The [[Lexus]] ES is all new for 2007. The engine was upgraded from a 3.3L [[V6]] to a 3.5L [[V6]], which gives it 272-[[HP|hp]] (54-[[HP|horsepower]] more than last year's model).

===Styles and Major Options===
'''[[Navigation System]]/Mark Levinson® Surround Sound Package - $4,050'''
* [[Lexus]] voice-activated DVD [[Navigation System]] backup camera [4] and [[Bluetooth]]® technology
* Mark Levinson 14-speaker 300-watt at 0.1% THD Premium Surround Sound Audio System with 7.1 architecture and [[In-Dash 6-Disc CD|in-dash, single-feed, six-disc]] DVD/CD auto-changer featuring [[Digital Audio Media|DVD-audio]] and [[Entertainment Center|DVD-video]] playback

[[Image:esgold.jpg|right|frame|2007 '''[[Lexus]] ES 350''' shown in ''Amber Pearl'']]
'''Premium Package - $1,280'''
* Leather-trimmed interior
* [[Lexus]] [[Seat Memory|Memory System]] to control power driver's seat (except lumbar), outside mirrors and steering wheel
* [[Remote Keyless Entry|Remote keyless entry]]-linked memory
* Electrochromic (auto-dimming) outside mirrors with tilt-down in reverse

'''Premium Plus Package - $2,480'''
* Leather-trimmed interior
* Heated and ventilated front seats
* Driver's seat power cushion extender
* [[Lexus]] [[Seat Memory|Memory System]] to control power driver's seat (except lumbar), outside mirrors and steering wheel
* Electrochromic (auto-dimming) outside mirrors with tilt-down in reverse
* Rain-sensing intermittent windshield wipers with mist cycle
* [[Remote Keyless Entry|Remote keyless entry]]-linked memory

'''Ultra-Luxury Package - $5,380'''
* Semi-aniline leather-trimmed interior
* Wood- and leather-trimmed steering wheel and shift knob
* Heated and ventilated front seats
* Driver's-seat power cushion extender
[[Image:esred.jpg|right|frame|2007 '''[[Lexus]] ES 350''' shown in ''Royal Ruby Metallic'']]
* [[Lexus]] [[Seat Memory|Memory System]] to control power driver's seat (except lumbar), outside mirrors and steering wheel
* Rear-seat [[Side Airbags|side airbags]] (SRS)
* [[Remote Keyless Entry|Remote keyless entry]]-linked memory
* [[Sunroof|Panorama glass roof]]
* Power rear sunshade
* [[Bi-xenon Headlights|High-Intensity Discharge (HID) headlamps]]
* Dual-swivel Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS)
* Electrochromic (auto-dimming) outside mirrors with tilt-down in reverse
* Rain-sensing intermittent windshield wipers with mist cycle
* 17 x 7.0-in Graphite-polished alloy wheels
* Full-size spare tire with 17-in alloy wheel

'''Individual Factory Options'''
* [[Lexus]] Pre-Collision System (PCS) and Dynamic Radar [[Cruise Control]] - $2,250
* [[Lexus]] voice-activated DVD [[Navigation System]] with backup camera and [[Bluetooth]]® technology - $2,650
* Intuitive Parking Assist - $500
* Power rear sunshade - $210
* Heated and ventilated front seats - $640
* Wood- and leather-trimmed steering wheel and shift knob - $330
* [[Bi-xenon Headlights|High-Intensity Discharge (HID) headlamps]] and Dual-swivel Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS) - $815
* Full-size spare tire with 17-inch alloy wheel - $205
* Rear-seat [[Side Airbags|side airbags]] (SRS) - $250
* [[Bluetooth]]® Audio (Available with the Premium and Premium Plus Packages) - $300

[[Image:esamber.jpg|right|frame|2007 '''[[Lexus]] ES 350''' shown in ''Amber Pearl'']]
'''Dealer Accessories'''
* Body-side molding (available Summer 2006)
* Car cover
* Cargo net
* E-Sport 17-in alloy wheels
* Floor mats, all-weather
* Leather care kit
* Rear spoiler
* [[Sunroof]] wind deflector (available Summer 2006)
* Touch-up paint
* Trunk mat
* Wheel locks
* XM® [[Satellite Radio]] capability

===Pricing===
Today's actual prices for the [[Lexus]] ES can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/lexus/es_350/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''[[Lexus]] ES Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Base
</td>
<td>
Base w/ [[Navigation System|Nav.]]
</td>
<td>
Premium Plus Package
</td>
<td>
Luxury Package
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$33,170
</td>
<td>
$35,650
</td>
<td>
$35,650
</td>
<td>
$38,550
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$29,410
</td>
<td>
$31,468
</td>
<td>
$31,468
</td>
<td>
$33,788
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Gas Mileage===
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

* ''City'': 21 MPG
* ''Highway'': 30 MPG
* ''Combined'': 25 MPG

===Reliability===
Although reliability ratings for the newly redesigned ES350 are not yet available, the [[Lexus]] ES line has generally always maintained high marks in this area.

===Safety===
Occupants of the [[Lexus]] ES are offered the protection of the following safety features:
* Up to '''ten''' airbags
** Front and rear [[Side Curtain Airbags|side curtain airbags]]
** Front [[Side Airbags|side airbags]] protect occupants in certain types of severe side-impact collisions.
** Driver's and front passenger's knee airbags provide additional protection in certain types of severe frontal collisions.
* Vehicle Stability Features
** Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) system
** Vehicle Stability Control (VSC)
** [[Traction Control]] (TRAC) systems
* [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)]]
* [[Brake Assist]]
* [[ Electronic Brake-Force Distribution]]
* [[Lexus]] Tire Pressure Monitor System
* Run-Flat Tires, allowing the driver to drive up to a maximum speed of 55 mph for approximately 100 miles ''(comes standard on the GS 300 AWD, but optional on the RWD GS 300 and RWD GS 430.)''
* Pre-Collision Safety (PCS) System, which uses radar to detect possible obstacles ahead. Sensors then determine in advance whether a crash is unavoidable.
* A steel-reinforced unibody structure with specific crumple zones in the front and rear that are designed to compress at a controlled rate to help absorb impact energy.
* Three-Point Seatbelts with front [[Seatbelt Pretensioners|pretensioners]]
* Theft-deterrent and engine immobilizer system
* Daytime Running Lights

===Photos===
<gallery>
image:estree.jpg|2007 '''[[Lexus]] ES 350'''
image:essunroof.jpg|For the first time, [[Lexus]] makes the [[Sunroof|twin skylight]] available on the '''ES''' allowing for a [[Sunroof|moonroof]] for both the front and the rear passengers.
image:esdash.jpg|'''ES''' shown with [[Steering Wheel Audio Controls|steering wheel-mounted audio controls]]
image:escabin.jpg|The luxurious and spacious cabin of the '''[[Lexus]] ES 350'''
</gallery>

===Colors===
[http://www/carsdirect.com/lexus/es_350/colors/ Lexus ES colors] can vary by trim, but include the following choices:

'''Exterior'''
* Blue Onyx Pearl
* Royal Ruby Metallic
* Aquamarine Pearl
[[Image:esblue.jpg|right|frame|2007 '''[[Lexus]] ES 350''' shown in ''Aquamarine Pearl'']]
* Amber Pearl
* Golden Almond Metallic
* Crystal White
* Tungsten Pearl
* Moon Shell Mica
* Smoky Granite Pearl
* Black Onyx

'''Interior'''
* Cashmere Leather Trim with Brown Walnut Accent
* Light Gray Leather Trim with Brown Walnut Accent
* Black Leather Trim with Brown Walnut Accent
* Cashmere Perforated Leather Trim with Brown Walnut Accent
* Light Gray Perforated Leather Trim with Brown Walnut Accent
* Black Perforated Leather Trim with Brown Walnut Accent

===Main Competitors===
* [[Acura TL]]
* [[BMW 3 Series]]
* [[Cadillac CTS]]
* [[Infiniti G35]]
* [[Mercedes E Class]]
* [[Volvo S60]]

==Hybrid Models==
[[Lexus]] unveiled the long-awaited [[Lexus RX 400h|RX 400h]] [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid SUV]] in 2005 as a 2006 year model. They've also released the much anticipated [[Lexus GS 450h|GS 450h]] in May of 2006 as a 2007 year model. Currently there are no plans to make a [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] version of the ES, however [[Lexus]] will aslo debut the world's first [[V8]] [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid Luxury Sedan]] with the release of the [[Lexus LS 600h]].

To learn more about [[Lexus]] hybrid technology, visit [http://www.lexus.com/models/hybrid/index.html?s_ocid=20225 Lexus Hybrid].

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==
<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=15>
'''''[[Lexus]] ES Trims'''''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
2006
</td>
<td>
2005
</td>
<td>
2004
</td>
<td>
2003
</td>
<td>
2002
</td>
<td>
2001
</td>
<td>
2000
</td>
<td>
1999
</td>
<td>
1998
</td>
<td>
1997
</td>
<td>
1996
</td>
<td>
1995
</td>
<td>
1994
</td>
<td>
1993
</td>
<td>
1992
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=15 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''''Resale Values'''''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$32,300
</td>
<td>
$31,500
</td>
<td>
$28,550
</td>
<td>
$25,400
</td>
<td>
$22,200
</td>
<td>
$17,725
</td>
<td>
$14,725
</td>
<td>
$11,850
</td>
<td>
$10,225
</td>
<td>
$8,900
</td>
<td>
$7,425
</td>
<td>
$6,525
</td>
<td>
$5,650
</td>
<td>
$4,925
</td>
<td>
$4,450
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Criticisms==

==Generations==
===Fifth generation (2007–present)===
[[Image:esgen5.jpg|frame|left|100px|2006 '''[[Lexus]] ES 350''']]
The fifth generation ES debuted at the Chicago Auto Show in February of 2006. It arrived at dealerships in late April, 2006 as a 2007 model.

The new ES, now called the '''ES 350''', features the first use of a six-speed [[automatic transmission]] in a [[front wheel drive]] [[Toyota]] vehicle along with its sister car, the [[Toyota Camry]] [[V6]]. The engine is the 272-[[HP|hp]] (203 kW) aluminum 3.5L '''2GR-FE''' [[V6]] engine with [[variable valve timing]]. [[Toyota]] estimates that this combination will accelerate to 60 mph (97 km/h) in less than 7 seconds. Fuel economy is estimated at 21 mpg (11.2 L/100 km) in the city and 30 mpg (7.8 L/100 km) on the highway.

New features include a three-panel glass [[Sunroof|sunroof]], radar-based adaptive [[Cruise Control|cruise control]], and a parking-assist warning system. A [[Keyless Remote Entry|keyless entry]] and ignition system which does not require the electronic remote to be taken out of the driver's pocket is now standard.

===Fourth generation (2002-2006)===
[[Image:esgen4.jpg|frame|right|100px|2006 '''[[Lexus]] ES 330''']]
A year after the [[Lexus IS]] became [[Lexus]]'s entry-level car, a larger, fourth generation ES (designated MCV30) debuted in 2002. The presence of the IS in the [[Lexus]] lineup enabled the company to give the ES a more upscale image and luxury feel by excising the sporting pretentions of the previous ES models. Compared to its predecessor, the new ES possessed a more luxurious interior, superior [[NVH]] isolation, larger, plusher seats, and improved interior materials. Nevertheless, despite the luxury enhancements, neither the acceleration nor the handling of the ES suffered. Other new features included a drive-by-wire electronic throttle, a five-speed automatic transmission, [[anti-lock brakes]] with [[EBD|electronic brake-force distribution]] and [[brake assist|Brake Assist]] as well as [[Electronic Stability Control|stability]] and [[Traction Control|traction control]]. In Japan, the MCV30 Windom received a '''2-star''' [[LEV]] rating.

For the 2003 model year, the US and European markets received a new 3.3L engine producing 225-[[HP|hp]] (later revised to 218-[[HP|hp]]), and the car was renamed '''ES 330'''. In the Middle Eastern and Asian markets, however, the 3.0 L engine was still available. In 2005, the ES received a facelift with new front and rear fascias, clear taillights, projector headlights, and a redesigned grille. Inside, several new-for-the-ES features included power adjustable pedals, heated and ventilated front seats and rearview mirrors that would automatically tilt downward in reverse gear. Additionally, new bird's-eye maple trim brightened the interior and integrated [[Satellite Radio|satellite radio]] was offered as an option.

===Third generation (1997-2001)===
[[Image:esgen3.jpg|frame|left|100px|Third Generation '''[[Lexus]] ES 300''']]
The third generation (designated MCV20) appeared in 1997 with a 200-[[HP|hp]] 3.0L [[V6]] and a 197-[[HP|hp]], 2.5L [[V6]] in the Windom. The new cars featured a design that was an evolution of the VCV10, and possessed a more rakish profile, sharper body lines, reflector instead of projector headlights, and a more upscale interior. The new ES was also slightly longer but weighed less than the previous generation. The power rating would grow to 210-[[HP|hp]] in 1999, and the model would receive a mild facelift in 2000.

===Second generation (1991-1996)===
[[Image:esgen2.jpg|frame|right|100px|Second Generation '''[[Lexus]] ES 300''']]
Assembly of the ES 300 commenced on September 9, 1991. Completely redesigned for the 1992 model year and now based on the VCV10-series [[Toyota]] Windom, the model was renamed the '''ES 300''' to reflect the half-liter bump in engine displacement. This second generation was significantly larger and more curvaceous than its predecessor and sported a 197-[[HP|hp]] engine. In Japan, a 172-[[HP|hp]], 2.5L version of the Windom (VCV-11) was made available in 1992. The 1993 ES 300 was the last [[Lexus]] sedan to offer a 5-speed manual transmission until the introduction of the [[Lexus IS|IS 300]].

===First Generation/Origins===
[[Image:esgen1.jpg|frame|left|100px|First Generation '''[[Lexus]] ES 250''']]
In order to avoid introducing the nameplate with only one model, the [[Lexus LS400|Lexus LS]], [[Lexus]] debuted the ES alongside their flagship sedan. The first ES (codename VZV21) was introduced in 1989 as the '''ES 250''', powered by the [[Toyota Camry|Camry's]] 2.5L, 156-[[HP|hp]] [[V6]]. The ES 250 was based on the [[Toyota]] Vista—a model never sold in the United States—which in turn shared the body and chassis of the [[Toyota Camry]]. Due to its similarities to the [[Toyota Camry|Camry]], the ES 250 was viewed as a product of badge engineering and did not sell as well as its less expensive counterpart.

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==
The [[Lexus]] ES and [[Toyota Camry]] share the same chassis.

==Awards==
* The 2005 [[Lexus]] ES 300 was named "''Best Overall Value in Near Luxury Segment''" by '''IntelliChoice'''. - (Spring 2005)

* The 2004 [[Lexus]] ES 300 was also named "''Best Overall Value in Near Luxury Segment''" by '''IntelliChoice'''.

* '''J.D. Power and Associates''' named the 2003 ES 300 the "''Best Entry Luxury Car in Initial Quality''" (IQS). The ES 300 also recieved this honor numerous times for past years: 2001, 2000, 1998, 1996, and 1993.

* The ES 300 was named among the "''Top Ten in Initial Quality''" (IQS) by '''J.D. Power and Associates''' in 1994, and also in 1991 for the ES 250 variant.

* In a quote from '''Automobile Magazine''', "Another RBI from a company with quite a hitting streak." '''Automobile Magazine''' also named the 1992 ES 300 one of the "''Top Ten All-Stars''."

* The [[Lexus]] ES recieved a "''Five-Star Rating''" in Front Seat Side Crash Test from the '''NHTSA''' in 1999, 1998, and 1996.

* The ES 300 was also named the "''Most Appealing Entry Luxury Car''" (APEAL) by '''J.D. Power and Associates''' in 1997 and again in 2001.

* The [[Lexus]] ES 300 was named the 1993 "''Import for Import Luxury Sedan''" by '''Motor Trend''' magazine.

* '''Kiplinger's Personal Finance''' magazine named the 1993 ES 300 the "''Best in Class (Over $30,000)''."

==See also==
* [[Luxury Cars]]
* [[Lexus]]
* [[Toyota Camry]]
* [[Acura TL]]
* [[BMW 3 Series]]
* [[Infiniti G35]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz C-Class]]

==External Links==
* [http://www.lexus.com/models/es/ Official Lexus ES Website]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexus_ES Lexus ES], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lexus_ES&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Lexus vehicles|ES]]
[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]
[[Category:Prestige vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:1980s automobiles]]
[[Category:1990s automobiles]]
[[Category:2000s automobiles]]

Nissan Xterra

2006-08-23T13:13:01Z

207.212.173.2: /* External links */

[[image:Xterra_left.jpg|right|350px|thumb|2006 Nissan Xterra]]
The '''[[Nissan]] Xterra''' is a [[compact SUV]] based on the [[Nissan]] F-Alpha platform, and shares many similarities with the [[Nissan Frontier]] pickup. The Xterra is slotted below the [[Nissan Pathfinder|Pathfinder]] in [[Nissan]]'s lineup.

All Xterras are currently built in Smyrna, Tennessee and São José dos Pinhais, Brazil. The Xterra is [[Nissan]]'s smallest [[SUV]] in the North America other than the [[Nissan X-Trail|X-Trail]] sold in Canada and Mexico. It is called the '''Nissan Roniz''' in Iran, where it is also built, under licence by Pars Khodro.

The Xterra was named after the XTERRA series of off-road triathlon races. [[Nissan]] has since become the race series' primary sponsor.

The Xterra was originally introduced in North America in the 2000 model year and was marketed as a simple, but capable [[SUV]] with the slogan ''Everything you need, nothing you don't.'' Although accepted by a wide range of ages, incomes, lifestyles and genders, [[Nissan]] marketed the Xterra primarily to the adventurous and outdoor consumer. Many commercials feature one driving the vehicle though mud, unloading mountain bikes out of the back, or packing up surfing equipment.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{FULLPAGENAMEE}} Review]]'''.
===Recent Changes===
Very little has changed in the 2006 Xterra when compared with the 2005 model. One difference, however, is the addition of the Xterra X trim level, which is set below the Xterra S and offers basic features.

===Styles and Major Options===
The 2006 Xterra comes in four major trim levels: the X, S, Off Road, and SE editions. All are powered by the same 4.0-L 265-[[hp]] [[V6]] engine, and all offer the choice of either [[Rear wheel drive|two]] or [[Four wheel drive|four wheel drive]]. Beginning with the X, each successive trim level is an upgrade from the last, with major options as follows:

====Xterra X====
*Vehicle Dynamic Control
*[[Anti-Lock Brakes]]
*[[Electronic Brake-Force Distribution]]
*Roof Rack with Covered Gear Box
*Easy Clean Cargo Area

====Xterra S====
*All X Features
*16" Aluminum Alloy Wheels
*Power Locks, [[Power window|Windows]], Mirrors
[[image:Rocks_face_left.jpg|thumb|right|300px|2006 [[Nissan]] Xterra Off Road]]
*[[Cruise Control]]
*Vehicle Security System

====Xterra Off Road====
*All S Features
*Bilstein Performance Shocks
*Hill Descent Control
*Hill Start Assist
*Fog Lights

====Xterra SE====
*All S Features
*17" Aluminum Alloy Wheels
*Fog Lights
*Rockford-Fosgate Stereo System with MP3 CD Capability
*First-Aid Kit

===Pricing===
Today's actual prices for the [[Nissan]] Xterra can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/MAKE/MODEL/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=8>
'''Xterra Trim Levels'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
X 4x2
</td>
<td>
X 4x4
</td>
<td>
S 4x2
</td>
<td>
S 4x4
</td>
<td>
Off Road 4x2
</td>
<td>
Off Road 4x4
</td>
<td>
SE 4x2
</td>
<td>
SE 4x4
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=8>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$20,050
</td>
<td>
$22,050
</td>
<td>
$22,250
</td>
<td>
$24,250
</td>
<td>
$23,850
</td>
<td>
$26,150
</td>
<td>
$25,750
</td>
<td>
$27,750
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=8>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$18,961
</td>
<td>
$20,853
</td>
<td>
$21,042
</td>
<td>
$22,933
</td>
<td>
$22,306
</td>
<td>
$24,457
</td>
<td>
$24,083
</td>
<td>
$25,954
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Gas Mileage===
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
4x2 models
<br>
''manual transmission''
</td>
<td>
4x2 models
<br>
''automatic transmission''
</td>
<td>
4x4 models
<br>
''manual transmission''
</td>
<td>
4x4 models
<br>
''automatic transmission''
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=4 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
17/22
</td>
<td>
16/21
</td>
<td>
17/21
</td>
<td>
16/21
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Reliability===
Although no reliability ratings are yet available for the latest Xterra model, previous models have exhibited minimal problems in all major areas of concern, including transmission, brakes, climate controls, and accessories, according to Automotive Information Systems.

===Safety===
The [[Nissan]] Xterra has consistently received high marks from the NHTSA, scoring 4/5 stars in frontal impact tests and 5/5 stars in side impact tests over the past several years. The Xterra's rollover rating, while not impressive, has improved from 2/5 stars in recent years to 3/5 for the 2006 and 2007 models.

As for safety features, all Xterra models come standard with the following equipment:
*Advanced [[airbag]] system with occupancy sensors
*Active head restraints
*LATCH system for child seats
*Front and rear crumple zones
*Steel side-door guard beams
In addition, front seat side-impact [[airbag]]s and roof mounted supplemental curtain [[airbag]]s are also available with the Xterra's Side and Curtain Air Bags Package.

===Photos===
<gallery>
image:Xterra_Off_Road.jpg|2006 Xterra Off Road
image:Xterra_Engine.jpg
image:Xterra_Interior.jpg
image:Xterra_Cargo_Space.jpg|The Xterra's Cargo Space
</gallery>

===Colors===
The availability of colors for the Xterra may depend on trim level:

'''Exterior'''
*Avalanche Clearcoat
*Granite Clearcoat
*Midnight Blue Clearcoat
*Night Armor Clearcoat
*Red Brawn Clearcoat
*Silver Lightning Clearcoat
*Solar Yellow Clearcoat
*Super Black Clearcoat

'''Interior'''
*Blue/Graphite
*Charcoal
*Desert/Graphite
*Graphite
*Steel/Graphite

===Main Competitors===
*[[Toyota RAV4]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIS011A0,USB60TOS111A0 Side-By-Side Comparison]
*[[Ford Escape]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIS011A0,USB60FOS131A0 Side-By-Side Comparison]
*[[Jeep Liberty]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIS011A0,USB60JDS071A0 Side-By-Side Comparison]
*[[Honda CR-V]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIS011A0,USB60HOS021A0 Side-By-Side Comparison]
*[[Hyundai Santa Fe]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB60NIS011B0,USB60HYS011B0 Side-By-Side Comparison]
*[[Subaru Forester]] - [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/compareresults?acodes=USB50NIS011B0,USB60SUS041A0 Side-By-Side Comparison]

==Hybrid Models==
There are currently no [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] models of the Xterra.

==Unique Attributes==
Intergrated side rear bumper steps allows one to easily load the roof rack.

==Resale Values==
<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Trim1
</td>
<td>
Trim2
</td>
<td>
Trim3
</td>
<td>
Trim4
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=4 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$
</td>
<td>
$
</td>
<td>
$
</td>
<td>
$
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Criticisms==
*Ride is stiff and jerky over rougher surfaces
*No lock on roof gear box
*No 4-cylinder or diesel engine offered
*Interior elements look and feel cheap

==Current Generation: (2005–present)==
[[Image:2005Xterra.jpg|right|250px|thumb|2005 Nissan Xterra]]
In 2005, the Xterra was redesigned on a new platform shared by the [[Nissan Titan]] and [[Nissan Frontier]]. Although appearing smaller than the first generation, the new model is larger in all dimensions. Utilizing Nissan's 4.0L VQ40DE engine, it produces 265 hp. The new engine is an improvement upon Xterra's previous powerplant, more refined and incorporating [[variable valve timing]]. Available with a rear differential locker on the off-road model, the Xterra competes with other [[SUV]]s of its size.

==Previous Generations==
===Second generation (2002-2004)===
[[Image:2002Xterra.jpg|left|250px|thumb|2002 Xterra in Shock Blue]]
The Xterra's look was freshened up for 2002. The interior received a redesigned dash and center console, while the biggest changes were to the top-of-the-line powerplant and the front end. In 2001 Nissan restyled the front end of the Frontier aggressively and added overhead clearance in the engine bay. In 2002 Nissan brought similar changes to the Xterra, including Nissan's new 210HP 3.3L Roots Type Supercharger V6.

Color was also revised in 2002. ''Aztec Red'' and ''Khaki'' were dropped, while ''Shock Blue'', ''Sedona'', and ''Molten Lava'' were introduced. ''Atomic Orange'' was later added, but proved to be short lived. In addition, the audio systems were upgraded. The premium audio system, a 6-disc AM/FM/CD with 6 speaker setup, was replaced with a 300W Rockford Fosgate AM/FM/CD system with 8 speakers and a large subwoofer that took up a portion of the rear storage area.

===First Generation/Origins (2000-2001)===
[[Image:800px-2001Xterra.jpg|right|250px|thumb|2001 Xterra SE]]
During its first two years, there were three Xterra models. Base XEs came with the 4 cylinder, were manual transmission only, sported steel wheels, and lacked accessories such as the step rails and roof rack.

XE Xterras were the main seller for Nissan. XEs could be configured with serveral option packages, which added features such as the roof rack, side step-rails, or the 3.3L V6. The XE proved to be the most popular of the trim levels, with more flexibility on equipment options. A fully loaded XE had almost all the features of the top-of-the-line SE model (minus the flip-up [[sunroof]]), while costing an average of $2,000 less.

The SE was the premium trim level for the Xterra. Everything which was an option on the XE came standard on the SE. Nissan, to set apart a fully-optioned XE and the SE added a flip-up [[sunroof]] and special badging to the back of the truck ("Xterra SE" rather than just "Xterra"). Items such as mudflaps, carpeted floormats, cargo liners, and ventilation microfilters could be added for an additional charge.

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==
Two design cues have remained constant through the vehicle's life, its raised rear roofline and the 'Hump' on the back lift gate. The raised roof allows for [[stadium seating]] and the hump allowed the inclusion of a first aid kit in the liftgate. Originally, it was added for functional reasons.

==Awards==
The Xterra won the ''North American Truck of the Year'' award and was ''Motor Trend'' magazine's Sport/Utility of the Year for 2000. It was again nominated for NACOTY and won Motor Trend's award for the second time in 2006.

==External links==
*[http://showusyourx.nissanusa.com/ Promotional site]
*[http://www.nissanusa.com/vehicles/ModelHomePage/0,,127081,00.html?destination=VLP&modelName=xterra Official American site]
*[http://www.xterraownersclub.com Xterra Owners Club]
*[http://autos.groups.yahoo.com/group/nissanxterraclubhouse Xterra Yahoo Group]
*[http://www.clubxterra.org Club Xterra]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan_Xterra Nissan Xterra], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nissan_Xterra&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Nissan vehicles|Xterra]]
[[Category:SUVs]]

Wikicars:General disclaimer

2006-08-21T22:14:59Z

207.212.173.2:

Wikicars:General disclaimer

2006-08-21T22:14:32Z

207.212.173.2:

Wikicars:General disclaimer

2006-08-21T22:14:15Z

207.212.173.2:

Plymouth valiant

2006-08-21T21:44:24Z

207.212.173.2:

The Plymouth Valiant was one of the most popular sedans in the United States for nearly 20 years. Launched as a 1960 model just as Detroit was rediscovering the small car, the Valiant earned a following with its efficient slant-six engine and cool styling. The Valiant went through four generations, spinning off popular variants like the Duster and the Barracuda, before being replaced in 1977 by the Plymouth Volare.

The Valiant was a hit overseas, as well. Plymouth was part of Chrysler back in the early 60s, and the Valiant was actually marketed as the Chrysler Valiant in Australia, South Africa, the UK and New Zealand, lasting until 1981 in those countries.

Thanks to its high volume (4 million sold) and reliable engine, there are still quite a few Valiants on the streets (or at least in the driveways) today.

[[Image:valiant-1963.jpg|frame|'''1963 Plymouth Valiant - The Prince of Cars''']]

===Gas Mileage===
EPA estimates [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/bymodel/2006_Honda_Accord.shtml].
* 4 Cylinder: 24/34
* 6 Cylinder: 20/29
* [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]]: 25/34

===Photos===
[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnTimelineTable.html Virtual-Museum's Valiant Timetable] has lots of photo links

[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnShowcase.html Virtual-Museum's collection of Valiant owner photos]

[http://www.valiant.org/images/images.html Valiant.org] has a ton of photos

===Main Competitors===
Detroit had produced few and lackluster compact cars during the 1950s, but Chevy, Ford and Chrysler all decided to turn that around at the same time. Chevy came out with the Corvair, Ford the Falcon (the original name for the Valiant!) and Plymouth (Chrysler) the Valiant. The Valiant was generally considered the most stylish of the three models, and it offered more overall space and better engine performance.

==Unique Attributes==
===Slant 6 Engine===
The Valiant's Slant 6 engine was shared with some other Chrysler-Plymouth models -- most notably, the Dodge Dart -- and its reputation for reliability gave the Valiant an advantage over other compact sedans. While the Slant 6 gets its name from the 30-degree tilt of its cylinders, it was excellent engineering behind the entire engine that made it more durable. The engine also earned a reputation for performance -- helped by early NASCAR victories -- although the competition caught up more quickly on that front.

===Styling===
The first Valiant made a big splash in large part because of its distinctive styling. Chrysler design chief Virgil Exner gave the Valiant a sporty but not muscle-car look that appealed to male and female shoppers alike, although even a Plymouth dealer at the time said it was a look "that took some getting used to". One owner reminisced about her beloved "Cricket" -- probably referring to the angled lines sculpted onto the front and rear fenders of the Valiant's first generation, as well as to the light-green color available on the 1960 model (although the Chrysler engineers preferred to call it "Kitchen Green"). Another signature feature was what owners affectionately called the "Toilet Seat", a raised circle on the back hood that made it look like there was a [http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/images/gallery/1960/pvvm_1960-valiant-100-4d-sedan__02.jpg spare tire] just underneath (there wasn't).

Ensuing generations of the core Valiant were not as radically different from the competition; beginnning in 1964, corporate's design creativity went more into trims and spinoffs like the Duster, Scamp and the Barracuda, each of which made a splash of its own thanks to distinctive styling.

==Criticisms==
Criticisms of the Plymouth Valiant are hard to come by now amid the nostalgia evoked by the car -- but here are a few:
* Neglect. Capitalizing on the Valiant's initial success, Chrysler focused style and feature innovations on spinoff models like the Duster and Barracuda, allowing the "traditional" 100, 200 and Signet trims to languish or disappear. While this approach made some marketing sense, it also made for many years of ho-hum Valiant trims. As the Honda Accord and Toyota have proven in the 30 years since the Valiant died, it is in fact possible to keep sales of core models strong over a long period of time by doing more convincing redesigns and adapting to changing consumer needs.

==1960==
The first '''Valiant''' appeared in 1959 as a 1960 model, and it wasn't a Plymouth, it was a stand-alone brand -- advertised as the "Valiant by Chrysler Corp". Chrysler, like GM and Ford, had been neglecting the small-car market for years, and all three companies invested heavily in new models for 1960. GM's entry was the Chevy Corvair, Ford's the Ford Falcon.

The Valiant was less mechanically radical than the Corvair, which had an [[air-cooled]] rear-mounted engine. It was considered more daring than the also-new [[Ford Falcon]], however. The Falcon was totally conventional, while the Valiant boasted fairly radical styling and a new engine configuration, the famous [[Slant-6]] engine, which had its cylinders inline but canted 30° to one side. This allowed a lower hoodline, a shorter overall engine (the water pump was now mounted alongside instead of up front), and efficient, long-branch individual-runner intake and exhaust manifolds. The 170 in³ engine gained a reputation for durability and dependability, partly due to the fact that the engine design was specifically engineered to support either an aluminum or a cast-iron block. Somewhat more than 50,000 die-cast aluminum versions of the larger 225 in³ version of the engine were produced between late 1961 and early 1963. With a "Hyper-Pak" dealer tuning kit, the Valiants were sigificantly faster and quicker than any of their competitors. Even European imports and V8 models were trounced by the Valiants at [[NASCAR]]'s inaugral compact stock-car race at Daytona (FL). The eight Valiants entered in this race in 1960 placed 1st through 8th; after a repeat performance in 1961, NASCAR quietly cancelled the series.

For [[1961]], the Valiant was assigned to [[Plymouth automobile|Plymouth]], while [[Dodge]]'s 1961 version was called the [[Dodge Lancer|Lancer]]. The first generation Valiant and Lancer rode on a 106.5 in (2705 mm) wheelbase.The 1960 Valiant was also a Chrysler Engineering exhibition of their leadership in aluminum die-casting. While the aluminum [[slant-6]] engine block wouldn't make it to production until 1961, the 1960 oil pump, water pump, new alternator, intake manifold, [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission case and extension, and a myriad small parts were all made of aluminum.

Chrysler marketed Valiants at both Dodge and Plymouth dealers in [[Canada]] from [[1960]] to [[1966]] as a stand alone product. The [[1960]] to [[1962]] Canadian Valiants were substantially similar to the American-made cars, except the trunklid had a '''by Chrysler''' instead of a '''Plymouth''' badge. There were minor differences in interior and exterior trim, and the [[alternator]] that had made its much-ballyhooed industry debut as standard equipment on the American-market 1960 Valiant remained an extra-cost option in Canada through 1962. A carburetor anti-frost system, engine block heater, battery warmer, electric car interior heater and other cold-climate items were available as factory and/or dealer-installed options, while air conditioning, which was first offered in the US 1961 models, was not made available North of the border until 1966. Some Canadian-made Auto-Lite (now [[Prestolite]]) electrical components were used in lieu of the Chrysler-built components installed on American-built cars. Chrysler Canada's Windsor, Ontario plant was also the source for left- and right-hand-drive export Valiants.

In 1961, Plymouth offered a "Dixie Special" version of the Valiant, "painted Confederate Gray metallic and sporting a symbol on the door commemorating the War Between the States", according to the [http://www.plymouthbulletin.com Plymouth Bulletin].

==1963-1966==
The Valiant was totally reskinned for 1963, with a ½ in (12.7 mm) shorter 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase. The Valiant was successful, and as was the usual Detroit practice, several different models were spun off it. The Dodge Lancer, which had appeared in 1961, was discontinued, and the Valiant's new Dodge counterpart became the '''[[Dodge Dart|Dart]]''', the name of which was recycled for the A-body platform. With this redesign, and it rode on a longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase. The '''[[Plymouth Barracuda]]''', considered by some to be the first [[pony car]], was built off the Valiant platform in 1964. This generation featured a station wagon version, but this bodystyle was not continued in 1967. Also manufactured for the 1963 through 1966 model years was a five passenger convertible.

For [[1963]], the Canadian Valiant used the Dodge Dart body with a Valiant front clip. This continued for [[1964]]. For [[1965]], Chrysler Canada sold both the 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase Valiant and the 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase Dart as Valiants, with all using the Dart dashboard. For 1966 the Valiant was based on the Dart. With the coming of the US-Canada auto trade agreement in 1965, Chrysler could ship cars and parts both ways over the border and in 1967 began importing Plymouth Valiants and Dodge Darts from Detroit.

The Barracuda was built in Canada in 1964 and 1965 and imported for 1966. But it was sold as a Valiant, not Plymouth. The imported 1966 Barracuda did not have Plymouth nameplates on the trunk as the American market version did. The 1965 Barracuda also used the Dart dashboard.

==1967-1973==
The Valiant reached its greatest heights after a total redesign in 1967, with the wheelbase now 108 in (2743 mm). This generation acquired an excellent mechanical reputation and produced such hot-selling variants as the 1970-1976 '''[[Plymouth Duster|Plymouth Valiant Duster]]'''/'''Dodge Dart Swinger''', 1971-1976 '''Plymouth Scamp''' and 1971-1972 '''Dodge Demon'''. There was a '''Dodge Demon''' for 1971 and 1972, and a '''Dodge Dart Sport''' from 1973 to 1976. Chrysler's ponycars, the [[Dodge Challenger]] and [[Plymouth Barracuda]], used a modified version of the Valiant architecture.

With these cars Chrysler took 40% of the total American compact market in the early 1970s. They also enjoyed considerable success in foreign markets, where they were often assembled by Chrysler affiliates or subsidiaries. 1970 was also the first year that the successful 340 in³ V8 engine would be installed in a Valiant-badged car (the Duster 340).

This version of the Valiant would also achieve worldwide movie fame in the 1971 road rage thriller ''[[Duel (movie)|Duel]]'', directed by the then unknown [[Steven Spielberg]]. A 1970 Plymouth Valiant was also featured prominently in [[Howard Stern]]'s autobiographical 1997 movie [[Private Parts]].

===Australian Valiants; a different path emerges===
It was also on this platform that the Australian Valiants began differing from their US counterparts, particularly with the VE series of 1967, the VF series of 1969 and the VG of 1970 (which featured the introduction of the HEMI 6), where the four-door sedan had a different, though related, bodyshell, more like the Dodge Dart of the time. Unlike the U.S., station-wagon and pick-up versions were also available, which were indigenous to Australia.

The Valiant VE was ''[[Wheels magazine|Wheels]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1967.

==1971 - 1973==
The American Valiants were little changed for 1971 and 1972. There were minor engineering changes for convenience, driveability and compliance with emission regulations. Taillamps, exterior and interior trim were revised. An aggressive "shark tooth" grille was offered on the fastback Duster 340 and new-for-1971 Duster Twister models.

For 1973, all Valiant and Duster models were given a new grille that would carry through to the end of production in 1976. Front bumpers able to withstand without damage a 5mph impact were mandated by US Federal law; the resultant bumpers were much more massive than the 1972 and earlier items; their added mass and the heavier impact-absorbing telescopic mounts increased the Valiant's front-end weight.

==1974-1976==
The Valiant was facelifted again in 1974 with the primary goal of cost-reduction; the sedan was transferred to the Dart's longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase such that the only differences between the Valiant and Dart were minor cosmetics. 1973's US Federal bumper standards requiring front bumpers to survive a 5mph impact were extended to rear bumpers for 1974. As a result, Valiant rear bumpers and their new impact-absorbing mount systems grew much more massive and heavier.

1974 also saw the introduction of the '''Valiant [[Brougham]]''' and its twin, the '''Dodge Dart Special Edition'''. Available with two or four doors, they were a compact luxury version of the Valiant/Dart and were designed to provide an attractive oil-crisis alternative to larger luxury cars. Plymouth's [[coupé]] version was oddly badged as simply the Plymouth Brougham, although the very similar sedans carried the Valiant name. There had been no two-door equivalent to the Valiant sedan since 1969; the Duster and the Scamp taking over that market segment. Apparently neither of those names were considered upmarket enough for a luxury offering, so no model name was used.

These cars were differentiated from the regular Valiant and Dart by generous chrome trim, a vinyl top, shag carpet, interior door padding, and a scripted "Brougham" logo ("Special Edition" on the Darts). Color-keyed wheelcovers and a special, limited selection of paint/vinyl combinations also characterized the upmarket models. Power steering, power brakes, and [[TorqueFlite]] [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions were standard; engine options were the 225 in³ [[Slant-6]] (3.7 L) and the 318 in³ (5.2 L) 2-barrel carbureted small-block V8. The Brougham/SE cars were available to the end of Valiant and Dart production.

1975 models were carryovers from 1974 in virtually every respect, except that California and certain high-altitude models received [[catalytic converter]]s and required [[unleaded gasoline]]. The grille of the Plymouth models was restyled somewhat.

In 1976, the somewhat larger F-body cars were introduced as [[Plymouth Volare|Plymouth Volaré]] and [[Dodge Aspen]]. Unfortunately, these did not maintain their predecessors' reputation for quality; in fact, they reversed it. These replaced the Valiant (and Dart) which were discontinued in the middle of the 1976 model year. The change hurt Chrysler's reputation and profitability, contributing to its near-bankruptcy in 1979-80. 1976 Plymouth derivates of the Valiant can be identified by amber parking lights between the headlights; previous models used clear lenses with amber colored bulbs (GE #1157NA).

==Australia (1971–81)==
{{main articles|[[Chrysler Valiant]] and [[Valiant Charger]]}}
While generally following the progress of the American Valiant throughout the 1960s, Chrysler Australia became increasingly dissatified with the car's styling direction, which was becoming more box-like with each facelift. The result was that for the 1970s, [[Chrysler Australia]] developed the whole car locally, particularly from the 1971 VH model. Production continued through the CM model (released in 1979) which production ended in 1981.

==Design quirks and oddities==
At launch, the Valiant's exterior design was notable for what it didn't have: fins. Detroit had been slapping fins on cars throughout the 1950s, and, at least in retrospect, observers felt that car-buyers were "finned out".

Under the hood, the big news was a new engine configuration, the famous Slant-6, whose cylinders were inline but tilted 30 degrees. This allowed a lower hoodline and a shorter overall engine that also became known for durability.

==References==
*''Motor Vehicle Data Book'', Sanford-Evans Communications, Ltd., Winnipeg, MB : Published annually, 1948 to date
*''Valiant'' sales literature, Chrysler Canada Limited, 1960 to 1966.

==External links==
*[http://www.valiant.org/ Valiant enthusiast page]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/index.html Valiant virtual museum]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnFamous.html Valiant Appearances in TV and Movies]
*[http://www.jeffjack.com/scamp/index.htm Plymouth Scamp page]
*[http://www.plymouthbulletin.com/ Plymouth Bulletin]
*[http://www.allpar.com/squads/police-cars/valiant.html Allpar Blotter on the Valiant's Popularity as a Police Car]

{{Plymouth}}

[[Category:Compact cars]]
[[Category:Plymouth vehicles|Valiant]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Valiant vehicles]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:Station wagons]]
[[Category:1960s automobiles]]
[[Category:1970s automobiles]]

[[sv:Plymouth Valiant]]

Note: Some or all of this article is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors. For the full Wikipedia disclaimer, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer click here].

Plymouth valiant

2006-08-21T21:43:51Z

207.212.173.2:

The Plymouth Valiant was one of the most popular sedans in the United States for nearly 20 years. Launched as a 1960 model just as Detroit was rediscovering the small car, the Valiant earned a following with its efficient slant-six engine and cool styling. The Valiant went through four generations, spinning off popular variants like the Duster and the Barracuda, before being replaced in 1977 by the Plymouth Volare.

The Valiant was a hit overseas, as well. Plymouth was part of Chrysler back in the early 60s, and the Valiant was actually marketed as the Chrysler Valiant in Australia, South Africa, the UK and New Zealand, lasting until 1981 in those countries.

Thanks to its high volume (4 million sold) and reliable engine, there are still quite a few Valiants on the streets (or at least in the driveways) today.

[[Image:valiant-1963.jpg|frame|'''1963 Plymouth Valiant - The Prince of Cars''']]

===Gas Mileage===
EPA estimates [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/bymodel/2006_Honda_Accord.shtml].
* 4 Cylinder: 24/34
* 6 Cylinder: 20/29
* [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]]: 25/34

===Photos===
[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnTimelineTable.html Virtual-Museum's Valiant Timetable] has lots of photo links

[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnShowcase.html Virtual-Museum's collection of Valiant owner photos]

[http://www.valiant.org/images/images.html Valiant.org] has a ton of photos

===Main Competitors===
Detroit had produced few and lackluster compact cars during the 1950s, but Chevy, Ford and Chrysler all decided to turn that around at the same time. Chevy came out with the Corvair, Ford the Falcon (the original name for the Valiant!) and Plymouth (Chrysler) the Valiant. The Valiant was generally considered the most stylish of the three models, and it offered more overall space and better engine performance.

==Unique Attributes==
===Slant 6 Engine===
The Valiant's Slant 6 engine was shared with some other Chrysler-Plymouth models -- most notably, the Dodge Dart -- and its reputation for reliability gave the Valiant an advantage over other compact sedans. While the Slant 6 gets its name from the 30-degree tilt of its cylinders, it was excellent engineering behind the entire engine that made it more durable. The engine also earned a reputation for performance -- helped by early NASCAR victories -- although the competition caught up more quickly on that front.

===Styling===
The first Valiant made a big splash in large part because of its distinctive styling. Chrysler design chief Virgil Exner gave the Valiant a sporty but not muscle-car look that appealed to male and female shoppers alike, although even a Plymouth dealer at the time said it was a look "that took some getting used to". One owner reminisced about her beloved "Cricket" -- probably referring to the angled lines sculpted onto the front and rear fenders of the Valiant's first generation, as well as to the light-green color available on the 1960 model (although the Chrysler engineers preferred to call it "Kitchen Green"). Another signature feature was what owners affectionately called the "Toilet Seat", a raised circle on the back hood that made it look like there was a [http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/images/gallery/1960/pvvm_1960-valiant-100-4d-sedan__02.jpg spare tire] just underneath (there wasn't).

Ensuing generations of the core Valiant were not as radically different from the competition; beginnning in 1964, corporate's design creativity went more into trims and spinoffs like the Duster, Scamp and the Barracuda, each of which made a splash of its own thanks to distinctive styling.

==Criticisms==
Criticisms of the Plymouth Valiant are hard to come by now amid the nostalgia evoked by the car -- but here are a few:
* Neglect. Capitalizing on the Valiant's initial success, Chrysler focused style and feature innovations on spinoff models like the Duster and Barracuda, allowing the "traditional" 100, 200 and Signet trims to languish or disappear. While this approach made some marketing sense, it also made for many years of ho-hum Valiant trims. As the Honda Accord and Toyota have proven in the 30 years since the Valiant died, it is in fact possible to keep sales of core models strong over a long period of time by doing more convincing redesigns and adapting to changing consumer needs.

==1960==
The first '''Valiant''' appeared in 1959 as a 1960 model, and it wasn't a Plymouth, it was a stand-alone brand -- advertised as the "Valiant by Chrysler Corp". Chrysler, like GM and Ford, had been neglecting the small-car market for years, and all three companies invested heavily in new models for 1960. GM's entry was the Chevy Corvair, Ford's the Ford Falcon.

The Valiant was less mechanically radical than the Corvair, which had an [[air-cooled]] rear-mounted engine. It was considered more daring than the also-new [[Ford Falcon]], however. The Falcon was totally conventional, while the Valiant boasted fairly radical styling and a new engine configuration, the famous [[Slant-6]] engine, which had its cylinders inline but canted 30° to one side. This allowed a lower hoodline, a shorter overall engine (the water pump was now mounted alongside instead of up front), and efficient, long-branch individual-runner intake and exhaust manifolds. The 170 in³ engine gained a reputation for durability and dependability, partly due to the fact that the engine design was specifically engineered to support either an aluminum or a cast-iron block. Somewhat more than 50,000 die-cast aluminum versions of the larger 225 in³ version of the engine were produced between late 1961 and early 1963. With a "Hyper-Pak" dealer tuning kit, the Valiants were sigificantly faster and quicker than any of their competitors. Even European imports and V8 models were trounced by the Valiants at [[NASCAR]]'s inaugral compact stock-car race at Daytona (FL). The eight Valiants entered in this race in 1960 placed 1st through 8th; after a repeat performance in 1961, NASCAR quietly cancelled the series.

For [[1961]], the Valiant was assigned to [[Plymouth automobile|Plymouth]], while [[Dodge]]'s 1961 version was called the [[Dodge Lancer|Lancer]]. The first generation Valiant and Lancer rode on a 106.5 in (2705 mm) wheelbase.The 1960 Valiant was also a Chrysler Engineering exhibition of their leadership in aluminum die-casting. While the aluminum [[slant-6]] engine block wouldn't make it to production until 1961, the 1960 oil pump, water pump, new alternator, intake manifold, [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission case and extension, and a myriad small parts were all made of aluminum.

Chrysler marketed Valiants at both Dodge and Plymouth dealers in [[Canada]] from [[1960]] to [[1966]] as a stand alone product. The [[1960]] to [[1962]] Canadian Valiants were substantially similar to the American-made cars, except the trunklid had a '''by Chrysler''' instead of a '''Plymouth''' badge. There were minor differences in interior and exterior trim, and the [[alternator]] that had made its much-ballyhooed industry debut as standard equipment on the American-market 1960 Valiant remained an extra-cost option in Canada through 1962. A carburetor anti-frost system, engine block heater, battery warmer, electric car interior heater and other cold-climate items were available as factory and/or dealer-installed options, while air conditioning, which was first offered in the US 1961 models, was not made available North of the border until 1966. Some Canadian-made Auto-Lite (now [[Prestolite]]) electrical components were used in lieu of the Chrysler-built components installed on American-built cars. Chrysler Canada's Windsor, Ontario plant was also the source for left- and right-hand-drive export Valiants.

In 1961, Plymouth offered a "Dixie Special" version of the Valiant, "painted Confederate Gray metallic and sporting a symbol on the door commemorating the War Between the States", according to the [http://www.plymouthbulletin.com Plymouth Bulletin].

==1963-1966==
The Valiant was totally reskinned for 1963, with a ½ in (12.7 mm) shorter 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase. The Valiant was successful, and as was the usual Detroit practice, several different models were spun off it. The Dodge Lancer, which had appeared in 1961, was discontinued, and the Valiant's new Dodge counterpart became the '''[[Dodge Dart|Dart]]''', the name of which was recycled for the A-body platform. With this redesign, and it rode on a longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase. The '''[[Plymouth Barracuda]]''', considered by some to be the first [[pony car]], was built off the Valiant platform in 1964. This generation featured a station wagon version, but this bodystyle was not continued in 1967. Also manufactured for the 1963 through 1966 model years was a five passenger convertible.

For [[1963]], the Canadian Valiant used the Dodge Dart body with a Valiant front clip. This continued for [[1964]]. For [[1965]], Chrysler Canada sold both the 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase Valiant and the 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase Dart as Valiants, with all using the Dart dashboard. For 1966 the Valiant was based on the Dart. With the coming of the US-Canada auto trade agreement in 1965, Chrysler could ship cars and parts both ways over the border and in 1967 began importing Plymouth Valiants and Dodge Darts from Detroit.

The Barracuda was built in Canada in 1964 and 1965 and imported for 1966. But it was sold as a Valiant, not Plymouth. The imported 1966 Barracuda did not have Plymouth nameplates on the trunk as the American market version did. The 1965 Barracuda also used the Dart dashboard.

==1967-1973==
The Valiant reached its greatest heights after a total redesign in 1967, with the wheelbase now 108 in (2743 mm). This generation acquired an excellent mechanical reputation and produced such hot-selling variants as the 1970-1976 '''[[Plymouth Duster|Plymouth Valiant Duster]]'''/'''Dodge Dart Swinger''', 1971-1976 '''Plymouth Scamp''' and 1971-1972 '''Dodge Demon'''. There was a '''Dodge Demon''' for 1971 and 1972, and a '''Dodge Dart Sport''' from 1973 to 1976. Chrysler's ponycars, the [[Dodge Challenger]] and [[Plymouth Barracuda]], used a modified version of the Valiant architecture.

With these cars Chrysler took 40% of the total American compact market in the early 1970s. They also enjoyed considerable success in foreign markets, where they were often assembled by Chrysler affiliates or subsidiaries. 1970 was also the first year that the successful 340 in³ V8 engine would be installed in a Valiant-badged car (the Duster 340).

This version of the Valiant would also achieve worldwide movie fame in the 1971 road rage thriller ''[[Duel (movie)|Duel]]'', directed by the then unknown [[Steven Spielberg]]. A 1970 Plymouth Valiant was also featured prominently in [[Howard Stern]]'s autobiographical 1997 movie [[Private Parts]].

===Australian Valiants; a different path emerges===
It was also on this platform that the Australian Valiants began differing from their US counterparts, particularly with the VE series of 1967, the VF series of 1969 and the VG of 1970 (which featured the introduction of the HEMI 6), where the four-door sedan had a different, though related, bodyshell, more like the Dodge Dart of the time. Unlike the U.S., station-wagon and pick-up versions were also available, which were indigenous to Australia.

The Valiant VE was ''[[Wheels magazine|Wheels]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1967.

==1971 - 1973==
The American Valiants were little changed for 1971 and 1972. There were minor engineering changes for convenience, driveability and compliance with emission regulations. Taillamps, exterior and interior trim were revised. An aggressive "shark tooth" grille was offered on the fastback Duster 340 and new-for-1971 Duster Twister models.

For 1973, all Valiant and Duster models were given a new grille that would carry through to the end of production in 1976. Front bumpers able to withstand without damage a 5mph impact were mandated by US Federal law; the resultant bumpers were much more massive than the 1972 and earlier items; their added mass and the heavier impact-absorbing telescopic mounts increased the Valiant's front-end weight.

==1974-1976==
The Valiant was facelifted again in 1974 with the primary goal of cost-reduction; the sedan was transferred to the Dart's longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase such that the only differences between the Valiant and Dart were minor cosmetics. 1973's US Federal bumper standards requiring front bumpers to survive a 5mph impact were extended to rear bumpers for 1974. As a result, Valiant rear bumpers and their new impact-absorbing mount systems grew much more massive and heavier.

1974 also saw the introduction of the '''Valiant [[Brougham]]''' and its twin, the '''Dodge Dart Special Edition'''. Available with two or four doors, they were a compact luxury version of the Valiant/Dart and were designed to provide an attractive oil-crisis alternative to larger luxury cars. Plymouth's [[coupé]] version was oddly badged as simply the Plymouth Brougham, although the very similar sedans carried the Valiant name. There had been no two-door equivalent to the Valiant sedan since 1969; the Duster and the Scamp taking over that market segment. Apparently neither of those names were considered upmarket enough for a luxury offering, so no model name was used.

These cars were differentiated from the regular Valiant and Dart by generous chrome trim, a vinyl top, shag carpet, interior door padding, and a scripted "Brougham" logo ("Special Edition" on the Darts). Color-keyed wheelcovers and a special, limited selection of paint/vinyl combinations also characterized the upmarket models. Power steering, power brakes, and [[TorqueFlite]] [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions were standard; engine options were the 225 in³ [[Slant-6]] (3.7 L) and the 318 in³ (5.2 L) 2-barrel carbureted small-block V8. The Brougham/SE cars were available to the end of Valiant and Dart production.

1975 models were carryovers from 1974 in virtually every respect, except that California and certain high-altitude models received [[catalytic converter]]s and required [[unleaded gasoline]]. The grille of the Plymouth models was restyled somewhat.

In 1976, the somewhat larger F-body cars were introduced as [[Plymouth Volare|Plymouth Volaré]] and [[Dodge Aspen]]. Unfortunately, these did not maintain their predecessors' reputation for quality; in fact, they reversed it. These replaced the Valiant (and Dart) which were discontinued in the middle of the 1976 model year. The change hurt Chrysler's reputation and profitability, contributing to its near-bankruptcy in 1979-80. 1976 Plymouth derivates of the Valiant can be identified by amber parking lights between the headlights; previous models used clear lenses with amber colored bulbs (GE #1157NA).

==Australia (1971–81)==
{{main articles|[[Chrysler Valiant]] and [[Valiant Charger]]}}
While generally following the progress of the American Valiant throughout the 1960s, Chrysler Australia became increasingly dissatified with the car's styling direction, which was becoming more box-like with each facelift. The result was that for the 1970s, [[Chrysler Australia]] developed the whole car locally, particularly from the 1971 VH model. Production continued through the CM model (released in 1979) which production ended in 1981.

==Design quirks and oddities==
At launch, the Valiant's exterior design was notable for what it didn't have: fins. Detroit had been slapping fins on cars throughout the 1950s, and, at least in retrospect, observers felt that car-buyers were "finned out".

Under the hood, the big news was a new engine configuration, the famous Slant-6, whose cylinders were inline but tilted 30 degrees. This allowed a lower hoodline and a shorter overall engine that also became known for durability.

==References==
*''Motor Vehicle Data Book'', Sanford-Evans Communications, Ltd., Winnipeg, MB : Published annually, 1948 to date
*''Valiant'' sales literature, Chrysler Canada Limited, 1960 to 1966.

==External links==
*[http://www.valiant.org/ Valiant enthusiast page]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/index.html Valiant virtual museum]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnFamous.html Valiant Appearances in TV and Movies]
*[http://www.jeffjack.com/scamp/index.htm Plymouth Scamp page]
*[http://www.plymouthbulletin.com/ Plymouth Bulletin]
*[http://www.allpar.com/squads/police-cars/valiant.html Allpar Blotter on the Valiant's Popularity as a Police Car]

{{Plymouth}}

[[Category:Compact cars]]
[[Category:Plymouth vehicles|Valiant]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Valiant vehicles]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:Station wagons]]
[[Category:1960s automobiles]]
[[Category:1970s automobiles]]

[[sv:Plymouth Valiant]]

Some or all of this article is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors. For the full Wikipedia disclaimer, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer click here].

User:Mr2fast

2006-08-16T14:11:21Z

207.212.173.2:

Greg Shabanov:
gshabanov@carsdirect.com

User:Mr2fast

2006-08-16T14:11:12Z

207.212.173.2:

Greg Shabanov
gshabanov@carsdirect.com

Highest miles per gallon

2006-08-11T18:10:32Z

207.212.173.2:

[[image:Felix-car.jpg|thumb|right|Prius Plug-In, 100+ MPG]]
* Working prototype: 100 MPG+[[Plug-in]] [[Toyota Prius]]
** Aftermarket company for Prius Plug-in [http://www.edrivesystems.com/]
** CalCars Project[http://www.calcars.org/]
** Both Toyota's Prius and Honda's Insight are rated in Japan at 40km/l or 95.6 miles/gallon in ultimate conditions. The next generation of the Prius with improved electronics is already earning 40km/l in normal driving

----
* Aptera Concept car: 330 MPG[http://www.treehugger.com/files/2006/01/how_to_make_awe.php]
Note: Concept car, not yet built.
[[image:Aptera.jpg|thumb|right|Aptera, Plans for 330 MPG]]

----
* The Pac-Car is the world record holder for [[fuel efficiency]], now standing at 5,134 kilometres per litre of petrol. This converts to roughly '''14,502 MPG'''!!!
[[Image:pac-car.jpg|thumb|right|'''PAC-Car II''' with a whopping 14,502 MPG]]

----
* Science competition:<strong>3,145 MPG:</strong> The winner of the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Supermileage Competition achieved an astonishing 3,145 miles per gallon. [http://www.physorg.com/news70040977.html]
[[image:Supermileage_ubc.jpg|thumb|right|250px|(SAE) Supermileage Competition Winner]]

==See Also==
*[[Hybrid Cars]]
*[[Fuel Efficiency]]
*[[Pac-Car]]

[[Category:Fuel Efficiency]]
[[Category:Hybrid Cars]]

Car Loan Guide

2006-08-11T18:08:53Z

207.212.173.2: removed other links in favor of their own :-(

Borrowing money to buy a car is a complex process. Below are several tips.

==Tips==
'''1. Review your credit report''' long before you intend to apply for a [[Car Loan]]. A credit report is a summary of your financial reliability – for the most part, your history of paying debts and other bills – as compiled by a company called a credit bureau. Why should you see your credit report before applying for a car loan? To correct any error before it slows down your credit approval or prevents you from getting the best possible loan terms. "Erroneous information can cost you hundreds of dollars because you could be disqualified from the best financing terms available," says Joni Creamean, a Senior Consumer Affairs Specialist with the FDIC. "You will be considered a riskier borrower and charged higher rates or be required to provide a larger down payment." Creamean adds that it could take months to correct errors in your credit history.

It's also smart to review your credit report from each of the three major credit bureaus that operate nationwide-Equifax (www.equifax.com), Experian (www.experian.com) and TransUnion (www.transunion.com). Credit report content may vary significantly among the credit bureaus, so that's why experts suggest you request copies from all three companies. The costs of these reports can vary, too. However, you are entitled to a free credit report annually under the provisions of the new Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (www.annualcreditreport.com).

'''2. Shop for a loan before you visit a dealership''' or bid for a car over the Internet. Contact your bank and several other local lenders. Ask about the loans they offer – the number of months for which you can borrow, the interest rates being offered, whether there are penalties if you pay the loan off early, and so on. Ask about other options for financing the car.

For example, some homeowners may want to consider a home equity loan or line of credit instead of a traditional auto loan. A home equity loan also may come with tax benefits (but consult your tax advisor). Important to remember is that if you pledge your home as collateral for a loan, and you can't repay, you could lose your home.

Another reason to shop for a loan before you shop for a car is that you can gauge your spending limit based on how much debt you want to take on. Once you know your price range, you can shop more efficiently for a car.

Also consider getting pre-approved for a loan, meaning a lender evaluates your creditworthiness and explains your loan options and likely costs before you buy a car. It's more information for you on how much loan -- and how much car -- you can afford. Some consumer advocates also suggest that you not tell the dealer if you've been pre-approved elsewhere for a loan until after you've negotiated the best price on a car. Some dealers may be less flexible on the price of the vehicle if it's clear that the dealership won't be earning money on a loan.

After you know what's available in the marketplace, including the interest rates, consider learning what the dealers are offering by reading their advertisements, making phone calls or checking the Internet. Find out if only certain models are eligible for zero-percent financing from the dealer or if a manufacturer's rebate isn't available if you opt for zero-percent financing. Having this information helps you make a good decision about financing when you're face-to-face with a sales person or finance officer at the dealership. For example, "In some situations, it may be best to accept the dealer's rebate and pass up the zero-percent financing in favor of a loan from a bank that does charge interest," says Creamean from the FDIC. "You'll have to do the math and decide what is best for you."

'''3. Be careful figuring out how much to borrow and for how long.''' Of course, the dollar amount of your loan largely will be determined by the sale price of the vehicle minus your down payment, any rebates and the value of any trade-in. But there are other costs that you should consider when deciding how much of a car you can afford and how much of a loan you need. Those costs include auto insurance, sales taxes, annual property taxes on the car (if any), and options you may be inclined to buy, such as an extended warranty. Also remember that every item you add to your loan instead of paying up-front will add to the total cost of the loan because you will be paying interest on the amount financed.

After you determine how big a loan you need, try to pick a repayment period that makes sense for you. For example, a $15,000 loan at 4 percent interest for 36 months equals a monthly payment of $443. Stretch the same loan out to 48 months and the monthly payment drops to $339. While it's tempting to go with a longer loan to reduce your payment, be careful. "Don't make the common mistake of thinking only in terms of monthly payments rather than the total cost of the loan," warns Creamean. "In the end, extending a loan term will cost you more since you will be paying interest on the loan another year or more."

Creamean says to be especially cautious before taking an auto loan term of five years or more. "First," she says, "if you have little cash for a down payment and you have to take on a loan of five or seven years, you might be trying to buy more car than you can really afford. Also, in the later years of the loan, you'll still be making payments on what is an older vehicle that may have a lot of repair and maintenance costs."

Creamean also cautions that, in five or seven years, you may still owe more on the loan than the trade-in value of the car, and that puts you in a difficult financial position. "Just when you need or want a new vehicle," she says, "problems with your old car may require you to come up with extra cash to pay off the old loan or you might have to roll the old loan into a new loan, which may push up your interest rate. It can become a vicious cycle."

'''4. Know what you are signing''' and speak up if you think there's a problem. A variety of laws provide consumer protections in the context of auto loans. Among them: the federal Truth in Lending Act, which requires lenders to disclose to borrowers the terms of a loan (including the Annual Percentage Rate and the total cost of the loan), and federal and state laws that prohibit unfair or deceptive business practices. However, you have a responsibility for protecting yourself, too.

"One of the most important things a borrower can do is to carefully review the loan document before signing it, because this is a contract legally binding you to repay according to the terms of the document," says FDIC attorney Mark Mellon. While the Truth in Lending Act gives consumers the right to cancel certain mortgage contracts up to three business days after signing the contract, Mellon says, "there may or may not be a similar protection for your auto loan depending on your circumstances and state law, so it's best to be comfortable with your decision before you sign on the dotted line."

==Other Resources==
[http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/index.html FDIC Info and Tips]

[http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/edcams/automobiles/index.html FTC Info and Tips]

[http://www.annualcreditreport.com Free Credit Reports]

Reasons Not to Buy a Hybrid Car (yet)

2006-08-07T22:10:52Z

207.212.173.2:

At the risk of heresy, here are good reasons to wait on buying a [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] vehicle:

'''1. [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrids]] cost more upfront'''; Sticker price along with taxes including sales and license fees tend to be 10-30% higher, usually about $3,000 or more. However, it is $1,500 between equivalent equipped Camry and Camry hybrids. Whether you make this difference up depends; on 1) when you sell it 2) resale value 3) your income tax situation 4) how much you drive 5) your insurance company 6) the state you live in 7) how you finance your vehicle 8) where you take it for service 9) what type of warranties you bought 10) where you park and how you commute. A study of typical consumer showed that most did not calculate these economic variables, and bought hybrid for image related reasons. ''Omninerd'' has developed an incredibly detailed look at the economics of [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] ownership. [http://www.omninerd.com/2005/11/11/articles/41]

'''2. [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] vehicle choices are limited''', but expanding dramatically every year; waiting may be better. Larger and less expensive [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid cars]], trucks, and SUVs will become available.

'''3. [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrids]] on the market today rely on [[gasoline]]''' and E15, for which there is no synthetic substitute (unlike diesel engines, which can run on bio-diesel).

4. Car battery disposal, when the car eventually is retired. There is no known methods on the disposal of these rich sources of nickle and could potentially create dangerous environmental impact but less than a NiCD battery and toxic lead. The 12V batteries in all cars are highly recyclable since the infrastructure is very well in place, unlike the newer batteries used in hybrids. Sad to say, not enough batteries have failed to require a disposal infrastructure and the salvage batteries are selling on Ebay for plug-in projects.

5. Extra weight and usually lack of performance in terms of acceleration and speed except at low speeds where the electric motor torque gives excellent accelleration. Heavy cars require more energy to move, and greatly affect safety and handling. The Camry hybrid is about 300lbs more than the Camry XLE counterpart but Toyota reports the hybrid has a net power of 187 hp verus the XLE 158 hp. The addition of an electrical engine in the front of the car and a battery pack in the rear right behind passenger seat increases the polar momentum of the car compared to the XLE, which in turn make the car unstable in corners on rally race tracks. Cornering instability is especially noticable in adverse weather conditions. Yet the even heavier XLE-V6 with a larger, heavier engine in the front does not have a placard limiting trunk loads to avoid the reported cornering instability.

6. Real world mileage is lower than the EPA estimates when not driving EPA profiles.

7. A controversial study by an auto industry-friendly analyst claims that it takes more energy to manufacture a hybrid than a regular car. The reportedly rigorous study claims the energy consumed by a Hummer is less than a Prius over their entire lives (due to higher design and manufacturing energy costs for the Prius and a shorter projected life span). The study, of course, has been attacked by environmentalists and those who read the Dept. of Energy fleet report, INL/CON-05-00964, where the first generation hybrids went over 160,000 miles with no appreciable loss of performance. But this study raises interesting questions to consider such as how all SUVs got unusually high lifetime mileage. Here is a link to a summary of the study's findings.[http://www.reason.org/commentaries/dalmia_20060719.shtml] The original study is available from CNW Marketing at: [http://www.nvo.com/cnwmr/nss-folder/automotiveenergy/]. A critique of the study is at [http://www.greenhybrid.com/discuss/cnw-research-is-our-enemy-help-stop-them.8964.html?page=1&highlight=cnw].

See also '''[[Top Reasons to Buy a Hybrid Car]]'''.

Smart fortwo

2006-07-21T20:37:36Z

207.212.173.2: /* Safety */

The Fortwo is the original Smart model that was launched in 1998 throughout Europe as the City Coupe. The name Fortwo was introduced when Smart began to produce new models.

On June 28, 2006, Daimler-Chrysler confirmed that retailer UnitedAuto Group "will be responsible for awarding potential dealerships and developing and maintaining a Smart vehicle dealership network throughout the U.S. and Puerto Rico."

It will make its US debut in 2007 as a 2008 model.

===Recent Changes===
A major redesign is in the works for the 2007 model year. While not yet released publically, it is known that the car's length is being increased by some margin to meet US safety standards.

===Styles and Major Options===
Instead of trims or styles, fortwo has three 'design lines': Pure, Pulse, and Passion.

The Pure is the basic model, providing a basic configuration and minimal extras. It is the least expensive of the three.

The Pulse is a sportier model, including leather steering wheels, the unique 'alien eyes' tachometer and clock, alloy wheels, and sportier interior.

The Passion is considered the luxury line, with air conditioning, electric mirrors, and other speciality options.

A cabriolet verison is available.

===Pricing===
Since the vehicle is not yet available for purchase from dealers in the United States, final pricing remains to be seen.

===Gas Mileage===
Until the vehicle is formally available in the US, official mileage data is not yet available. However, by European measures, the Smart is considered particularly fuel efficient, averaging 50 mpg for the gasoline model and 69 mpg for the Diesel.

===Reliability===
The fortwo's Mercedes Benz heritage comes through here, earning the car high marks for reliablility in Europe, Japan, and Canada.

===Safety===
[[Image:tridon_safety_cell.jpg|frame|The fortwo's tridion safety shell makes all the difference.]]Probably the biggest concern about the smart car people express is the issue of safety. In the US, 'bigger is better' is the normal rule-of-thumb when it comes to deciding which vehicle is safest. With the fortwo, that rule fast becomes becomes roadkill.

The secret to this vehicles safety rating comes from its 'Tridion Safety Cell.' This cell is designed to retain its shape in a collision, transfering much of the impact force back to the other vehicle. Also, given its size, the likelihood of striking one of the tires in a collision is high, which means the suspension helps absorb the force of the impact.

To help avoid the crash, the all fortwos come with [[Stability_control|Electronic Stability Control]] and [[Anti-Lock_Brakes_ABS|Anti-lock brakes]] as standard features. Dual [[airbag|airbags]], self-tensioning seatbelts, knee impact cushions and a collapsible steering column also come standard. Side-impact airbags are available as an option.

US Safety ratings have not yet been set, but in European ratings[http://www.euroncap.com/content/safety_ratings/ratings.php?id1=1], the fortwo gets a very respectible 3-stars.

===Photos===
Images from a vehicle in Canada:
<gallery>
Image:TorontoSmartLeftRearQuarter.jpg|<center>Convertible<br>rear quarter </center>
Image:TorontoSmartFront.jpg|<center>Front view</center>
Image:TorontoSmartRearClose.jpg|<center>Rear view<br>close</center>
Image:TorontoSmartInst.jpg|<center>Tachometer<br>and clock</center>
</gallery>

===Colors===
Colors are one aspect of the Smart that is unique. While the vehicle has one primary color, the Tidion shell comes through at points, and has its own base color. In most instances, the shell is black, but in the Passion trim, the shell is also available in silver.

The rest of the vehicle is made up of interchangeable dent-resistant molded plastic panels. Much like the [[Saturn|Saturn]] lineup, these panels are solid colored, which means if they are scratched, the color remains unchanged. The best part is that you can purchase additional panels from the dealer, allowing you to change the color or your car at will.

In addition to the standard colors, smart is known for releasing limited edition colored vehicles, frequently themed to a partner. Some examples are Barbie Pink and iPod white. These limited edition vehicles often have a custom set of interior options, not available any other way.

===Main Competitors===
In the US, it is tough to define competitors, as there really is nothing specifically that matches up with the smart fortwo. The following are the closest vehicles in size and fuel efficiency.

* [[Toyota_Yaris|Toyota Yaris]]
* [[Honda_Fit|Honda Fit]]
* [[MINI_Cooper|MINI Cooper]]

==[[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]] Models==
While frequently rumored, there is no official word regarding plans for a hybrid model.

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==

==Criticisms==

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

==Previous Generations==

===First Generation/Origins===

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==

==See also==

==External Links==
[http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2005/05/31/109354.html Smart Car review from The Auto Channel]

[http://www.automatters.net/2006%20Columns/0185.htm Automotive Journalist Jan Wagner's cross-country Smart road trip]