Wikicars - User contributions [en]

Pontiac Grand Prix

2006-08-03T20:47:30Z

4.231.59.75: /* 1983 */

[[Image:2006 Pontiac Grand Prix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|2006 Pontiac Grand Prix]]

The '''Pontiac Grand Prix''' is an automobile produced by the [[Pontiac]] division of [[GMC|General Motors Corporation]]. First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size model offering for the 1962 model year, the Grand Prix name has also been applied to cars in the [[personal luxury car]] market segment and the [[mid-size car|mid-size]] offering, slotting below the large [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]] in the company's lineup.
As of mid-model year 2006, the Grand Prix is Pontiac's largest automotive offering in production, superceeding the recently cancelled [[Pontiac Bonneville]] program.

===2004===
The Grand Prix was updated for [[2004]] on a revised version of the [[GM W platform]]. The first 2004 Grand Prix was built on May 5, 2003. A notable addition to the 2006 line is the GXP's [[GM LS engine|small-block]] 5.3 L V8, the Grand Prix's first V8 since 1987. With the closing of the Oshawa plant that produces the car in [[2008]], the Grand Prix will likely end production, and for [[2009]] it will be replaced by the [[GM Zeta platform|Zeta]]-based [[Pontiac G8|G8]].

===1997===
[[Image:Grand Prix Sedan (1997-2003).JPG|250px|right|thumb|1997-2003 Pontiac Grand Prix sedan.]]
In 1997, the [[GM W platform|W-bodies]] got a major redesign. The first 1997 Grand Prix was built on August 12, 1996. Promoted widely for its "wide track" appearance, the second generation W-body Grand Prix sold well. There were 3 trim levels available in 1997; the SE, GT, and GTP. Also beginning in 1997 was the inclusion of a [[supercharger]] for the GTP, boosting power to 240 [[HP|hp]]. The Grand Prix was made in the Fairfax plant in [[Kansas City, Kansas]] until 2003, when production was shifted to [[Oshawa]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. The Fairfax plant was then retooled to build the current [[Chevrolet Malibu]]. The last Grand Prix coupe rolled off the assembly line on July 19, 2002, and the coupe was replaced by the [[Pontiac GTO]] for 2004.

===1996===
3.4L [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] [[V6|V6]] gains 5[[HP|HP]] with intake and exhaust improvements. All Grand Prix coupes get a sport package with five-spoke alloy wheels and dual exhaust. This is the last year for the first-generation W-body Grand Prix.

===1995===
Brake/transmission shift interlock is added. GT coupe dropped in favor of GTP Package. GT sedan continues. Variable-effort steering is added to GTP and GT. New aluminum wheels debut on GT and GTP. Coupes can be equipped with a White Appearance Package, which includes color-keyed alloys and special pinstriping. Floor consoles are redesigned on models with bucket seats.

===1994===
[[Image:Picture261.jpg|250px|right|thumb|1994-1996 Grand Prix with B4U.]]
Grand Prix gets redesigned front/rear fascias and ground effects, as well as a new instrument panel with dual airbags, new gauges, and controls. STE, LE, and GT designations are gone. GT and GTP become option packages on SE coupe. A GT package is available on SE sedan, and includes 3.4 L [[V6|V6]], alloys, low-profile tires, [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]], and sport suspension. Front seatbelts are anchored to pillars instead of doors on sedan; coupe retains door-mounted belts. Twin-cam 3.4 L [[V6|V6]] is up 10 [[HP|hp]]. Five-speed manual and three-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions are dropped in favor of four-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]. Coupes gain standard equipment, including 16-inch alloys, cruise, and leather-wrapped steering wheel with integral radio controls. A completely new 160 [[HP|hp]] 3.1 L [[V6|V6]], Gen III, replaces old 3.1 L [[V6|V6]].

===1991===
In 1991, the [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] models were dropped in favor of a new GTP model. This included the new 3.4 L [[GM 60-Degree V6 engine#LQ1|Twin Dual Cam]] engine along with all available options and a modified version of the B4M body package. It had 210 hp with the standard 5-speed manual and 200 hp with the optional 4-speed automatic. The 2.3L Quad-4 engine was dropped this year, leaving the 140 hp 3.1 V6 as the standard engine. The composite headlights were replaced with mini-quads and the package was renamed B4U. An SE sedan also became available that year.

===1990===
In 1990, a 4-door sedan version was available for the first time in the Grand Prix line, entering production on September 12, 1989. LE and SE models were available with the 2.3L Quad 4 and 3.1L V6, either with manual or automatic trannys. The new Grand Prix STE (Special Touring Edition) had special seats, audio systems, and Driver Information Centers. The seats were 8-way pneumatic with adjustable lumbar supports. The audio systems were 8-speaker with full graphic equalizer and a "gain" slider to control bass. The Driver Information Centers were quite a step up from the more basic ones available in the SE and [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]]. In addition to the basic information that the SE LCD counterparts displayed, the STE [[vacuum fluorescent display]] DICs had a full light and door monitor with icons for all the major vehicle systems. The STE also had a front and rear lightbar in addition to a trunk-panel. The Turbo model carried on this year, again available in red or black only. A [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] STE sedan was also available for this year.

===1989===
In 1989, air conditioning became standard on all models, and a 3.1 L [[fuel injection|multi-port fuel injected]] [[V6|V6]] replaced the 2.8 L engine. Another model designation to appear in 1989 was the '''[[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Grand Prix'''. This version started as an SE minus three available options: leather seats, a sunroof, and in 1990, a [[CD player]]. These were shipped to [[McLaren Cars|McLaren]]/[[American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to get a "B4M" body kit with special molding and hood louvers, and a modified 3.1 L [[V6|V6]] with a [[Garrett]] T-25 [[turbocharger]] and [[intercooler]] and available only with a 4-speed automatic transmission. The [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] also included a full-analog instrument cluster that would soon become the base of the 1990–1993 sport cluster.

===1988===
The first [[front-wheel drive]] [[GM W platform|W-body]] Grand Prix coupe was built on January 12, 1988. This generation Grand Prix was built in [[Kansas City, Kansas]]. Three model designations were available: base, LE, and SE. The Grand Prix LE had standard air conditioning, power windows, and power locks. SE models got the 2.8 L [[V6|V6]] engine along with other amenities, such as "AQ9" 14-way pneumatic power seats, a driver information computer in the center console, and a sport gauge cluster. The Grand Prix was ''[[Motor Trend]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1988.

===1982-1987===
When most A-bodies were moved to a new [[front-wheel drive]] platform in 1982, the Grand Prix remained on the same [[rear-wheel drive]] platform, now under the name "[[GM G platform (RWD)|G-body]]". The Grand Prix remained as a coupe, with its sedan version being the short-lived mid-size [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]]. The Bonneville went back to full-size on the [[GM H platform]] in 1987, and the Grand Prix continued as a rear wheel drive vehicle until that year.

===1984===
New grille inserts and minor revisions to the tail section marked the 1984 Grand Prix. The base and Brougham models continued as before but the LJ was replaced by a new LE model. Same engines continued as before including the Buick 3.8 liter (231 cu.-in.) [[V6|V6]], Chevy 5.0 liter (305 cu.-in.) V8 and Olds 5.7 liter (350 cu.-in.) Diesel V8. A new option this year was the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic 200-4R four-speed overdrive [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] available with the 305 V8 for improved highway gas mileage.

===1983===
No appearance changes for the 1983 GP. Only significant change to note was the 4.1L 252 cid [[V6|V6]] was discontinued and the gas-powered V8 returned after a one-year absence in the form of a 150 [[HP|horsepower]] Chevy 305.

===1982===
The 1982 Grand Prix was a virtual re-run of the 1981 model with no appearance changes to note. No gasoline-powered V8 engines were offered this year, leaving only the standard 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]], a larger Buick 252 cubic-inch [[V6|V6]] and the Olds 350 Diesel V8.

===1981===
A minor reskinning of the sheetmetal for improved aerdynamics marked the 1981 Grand Prix along with a new grille design and revised tail section. The sporty SJ model was dropped and a new ultra-luxurious Brougham series was now the flagship of the Grand Prix line featuring a plush cloth interior similar to the full-sized Bonneville Brougham and standard power windows and other amenities. The base and LJ models continued as before. All models now came standard with the Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] with the 265 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 available as an extra cost option (Chevy 305 V8 in California). The 301 V8 was discontinued and a new option this year was the Oldsmobile-built 350 cubic-inch Diesel V8, which was not often ordered due to high cost of around $700 and poor reliability. The year 1981 was also the last for Pontiac Motor Division to offer its own V8 engine due to an emerging GM corporate engine policy that determined Pontiac would build only four-cylinder engines and Buick only [[V6|V6]] engines, leaving [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and Oldsmobile to build V8 engines for most GM cars and trucks, while Cadillac would produce its own aluminum-block V8 that debuted in 1982. From 1982-on, all V8-equipped Pontiacs were equipped with [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] or Olds engines.

===1980===
The 1980 Grand Prix returned to a vertical bar grille and featured new taillight lenses with "GP" logos. [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] transmission was standard equipment on all models and the two-barrel 301 Pontiac V8 was replaced by a new 265 cubic-inch V8 rated at 125 [[HP|hp]]. The Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] and the four-barrel version of the Pontiac 301 V8 were carried over from the previous year as was the Chevy 305 V8 offered in California.

===1979===
A new crosshatch grille and revised taillight lenses were the only appearance changes made to the 1979 Grand Prix. The same models, base, LJ and SJ continued as before as did the basic engine lineup including the 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]] standard on base and LJ models, the 135-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 with two-barrel carburetor that was optional on both of those models, and the 150-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetion that was standard on the SJ and optional on the other models. Transmissions remained the same as before with the three-speed manual standard with the [[V6|V6]] engine on the base model and [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission optional. The [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission was standard on LJ and SJ models and all models when a V8 engine was ordered. Again, the Pontiac V8s were not available in California, where they were replaced by Chevy 305s rated at 140 and 160 [[HP|hp]].
A new and one-year-only option this year was a four-speed manual transmission available with the 301 four-barrel V8 on all models.

===1978===
1978 brought a downsizing of the Grand Prix and the other [[GM A platform|A-bodies]]. This version of the A-body also received some sheetmetal revisions in 1981. The 1978 GP was about a foot shorter and 600 pounds lighter than the 1977 model with an overall length of 200 inches and a 108-inch wheelbase.

For the first time in Grand Prix history, a V8 engine was not standard equipment. In order to meet Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) mandates set after 1973-74 energy crisis, a Buick-built 231 in³ [[V6|V6]] was standard equipment on the base model (formerly the Model J) and two versions of the Pontiac 301 in³ V8 (Chevy 305 V8 in California) were optional. The luxury LJ model came standard with the 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with two-barrel carburetor while the sporty SJ was powered by a 150 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetor.
A floor-mounted three-speed manual transmission was standard equipment with the [[V6|V6]] on the base model and the three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] was optional. [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic was standard on LJ and SJ models and base models with either of the optional V8 engines.
Standard seating choices by model included a notchback bench seat with cloth or Morrokide vinyl in the base GP, a pillowed velour cloth notchback bench seat in the LJ or Strato bucket seats in cloth or Morrokide in the SJ. The Strato buckets were optional on the base GP and a 60/40 split bench was optional on both base and LJ models. Viscount leather upholstery was available with bucket seats on SJ models.

[[Steve McQueen|Steve McQueen's]] final film, ''[[The Hunter (film)|The Hunter]]'' (1980), featured a 1979 Trans Am which was carjacked by a fleeing felon.

===1977===
Revised grille work with fewer vertical bars, a stand-up hood ornament and revised taillight lenses with "GP" logos highlighted the 1977 Grand Prix, which was the final year for the 1973-vintage bodyshell which was set to be replaced by a downsized GP for 1978. The same three models (J, LJ and SJ) were carried over with engine revisions. The base Model J got Pontiac's new 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 in³ V8 as standard equipment, which was a bit too small and underpowered to propel a 4,000-pound car. Optional engines included a 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 or 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8; those two engines standard on the LJ and SJ models, respectively.

Each of those engines were Pontiac-built units as in previous years, but offered in 49 of the 50 states. Due to the fact that Pontiac's own V8 engines could not meet the more stringent California emission standards set for 1977, all Grand Prixs (and other Pontiac models) sold in California were powered by Oldsmobile-built engines including Lansing's 350 in³ Rocket V8 for J and LJ, and the 403 in³ Rocket V8 standard on the SJ and optional on the other two [[Navigation System|GPs]] in California. Due to a shortage of Olds 350 engines resulting from record sales of Cutlasses and reduced production of that engine due to a plant conversion to build a Diesel V8 beginning in 1978, a few '77 Grand Prixs destined for California reportedly came off the line with a [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]-built 350 in³ V8.

Grand Prix sales soared to an all-time high of over 270,000 units for 1977, the last year for this bodystyle, despite competition from a newly-downsized and lower-priced Ford Thunderbird introduced this year and a restyled Mercury Cougar XR-7 whose bodyshell switched to the T-Bird this year from the discontinued Ford Torino/Mercury Montego.

===1970===
Vertical grille inserts replacing the horizontal bars of the 1969, movement of "Grand Prix" nameplates from the lower cowls to the rear C-pillars and the vertical hashmarks from the C-pillars down to the lower cowls. The optional 428 in³ V8 rated at 370 and 390 [[HP|hp]] in 1969 was replaced by a new 370 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8. Interior trim also received minor revisions, and a bench seat with center armrest returned as a no-cost option to the standard Strato bucket seats and console. Bench seat-equipped Grand Prixs got a steering column-mounted shifter with the [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission along with a dashboard-mounted glovebox, replacing the console-mounted shifter and glovebox of bucket-seat cars. Power front [[4-wheel disc brakes|disc brakes]] became standard equipment this year.

===1969===
For 1969, DeLorean's team introduced all-new Grand Prix based on a slightly stretched version of the intermediate [[GM A platform]]. This smaller, lighter car at last had its own body, and brought a new level style and luxury into the intermediate class. It also refocused attention on performance, with increased installation percentages for [[manual transmission]]s and engine options up to the 390 [[HP|hp]] (290 kW) ''[[Pontiac V8 engine#428|428 HO]]''. It was both a marketing and an engineering landmark, being hailed at the time as "an Eldorado for the masses" and also in retrospect as the first successful downsizing of an American car.

Inside, the 1969 Grand Prix featured a sporty and luxurious interior with a wraparound cockpit-style instrument panel that placed virtually all controls and gauges within easy reach of the driver. The "Strato" bucket seats were separated by a console slanted toward the driver which included the customary floor shifter, storage compartment and ashtray, integrated into the instrument panel. Upholstery choices included standard all-vinyl or cloth and vinyl or an extra-cost leather trim.

Innovations introduced on the 1969 Grand Prix included a concealed radio antenna, which amounted to two wires in the windshield; an optional built-in rear window defogger and side-impact beams inside the doors.

The 1969 Grand Prix also created a new market segment—the intermediate personal luxury car with sales ending up at over 112,000 units, well above the 32,000 full-sized Grand Prixs built in 1968. The similar [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] followed the next year. [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Chrysler Corporation|Chrysler]] responded by producing plusher versions of their [[Ford Torino]] and [[Dodge Charger (B-body)|Dodge Charger]] intermediates, but both eventually created new models to enter the battle—the [[Ford Elite]] and [[Mercury Cougar XR-7]] in 1974 and [[Chrysler Cordoba]] in 1975.

The basic 1969 bodyshell continued until the 1972 model year with a major facelift in 1971 but only minor detail revisions in 1970 and 1972.

===1976===
A new split vertical bar "waterfall" grille and quad rectangular headlights in front and revised taillight lenses out back highlighted the 1976 Grand Prix. The same three model designations continued (J, LJ and SJ) with the LJ and SJ offering the same trim and equipment levels as in 1975 with the exception being the SJ downgraded to a standard 400 in³ V8.

The base Model J underwent a number of content changes to cut the base price by around $500 to be more competitive with other mid-sized personal luxury cars. Those changes for the "J" included a smaller 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 as the base powerplant and some downgrading of interior trim that included a new notchback bench seat made standard equipment and the Strato bucket seats/console moved to the "option" list. Also, custom features such as a cushioned steering wheel and custom pedal trim plates were moved to the option list on Model J, but remained standard on LJ and SJ, both of which also continued to include Strato bucket seats as standard equipment. All models got a new simulated rosewood trim for the dash, door panels and console (with bucket seats) that replaced the African Crossfire Mahogany trim of previous years. Upholstery choices included cloth or Morrokide vinyl bench or bucket seats on the Model J, velour buckets on the LJ or Morrokide buckets on the SJ. Leather interior trim was a new extra-cost option available with the Strato bucket seats and LJ and SJ models.
Both the "LJ" and "SJ" models came standard with a 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8 that was optional on the Model J. The 200 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8 was optional on all models.
In celebration of Pontiac's 50th anniversary in 1976, a number of special edition Grand Prix painted gold were produced. These models featured removable Hurst T-tops, Rally II wheels and other distinctions but were mechanically similar to the regular models.

Grand Prix production set a new record of over 226,000 units during this Bicentennial year, making the GP only second in sales in its market segment to Chevy's Monte Carlo.

===1975===
A revised grille with fewer vertical bars and revised taillight lenses marked the 1975 Grand Prix. Mechanical changes this year included the addition of GM's High Energy electronic ignition and a catalytic coverter that mandated the use of unleaded gasoline. Radial tires became standard on all models.

A new luxury LJ model was added the lineup, positioned between the base Model J and the sporty SJ series. The LJ included pinstriping and a luxurious velour interior trim. Otherwise, interior trim was revised with the real African Crossfire Mahogany trim on the instrument panel replaced by a simulated material though the "real stuff" continued on the door panels and center console. Speedometers were revised with numerals now topping at 100 mph rather than the 120 or 140 mph readings found in previous years and speed readings in kilometers were added.

The addition of the catalytic converter spelled the end of dual exhaust pipes for 1975 and detuning of engines. The 400 in³ V8 (standard on J and LJ models) dropped from 230 to 180 [[HP|hp]] while the 455 in³ V8 (standard on SJ, optional on J and LJ) was detuned from 250 to 200 [[HP|hp]].

===1974===
The 1974 Grand Prix received a revised split grille with vertical bars that was entirely above the bumper. Out back, the boattail effect was softened somewhat thanks to a new federally-mandated 5 mph bumper added to the similar mandated front bumper introduced in 1973. The license plate and fuel filler were moved above the bumper and taillight lenses were revised.
Interior trim remained virtually unchanged from 1973 with standard seating choices including Strato bucket seats with center console or notchback bench seat with armrest and cloth or Morrokide upholstery. The bucket seats were available with optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support.

Engines were carried over from 1973 including the 400 in³ V8 (standard on the Model J) and 455 in³ V8 (standard on the Model SJ, optional on the Model J). [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission, variable-ratio power steering and power brakes were standard equipment on both models. In addition to the 455 V8, the Model SJ also added a Rally Gauge Cluster, "SJ" identification and a radial-tuned suspension similar to Pontiac's Grand Am. Radial tires were also a new option on the Model J this year.

Sales of Grand Prixs for the 1974 model year dropped from 1973's record of around 150,000 units to just under 100,000 units primarily due to new competition in the intermediate personal-luxury car market from a new upsized Mercury Cougar XR-7 coupe. Still 1974 was the third-best selling year to date for the Pontiac Grand Prix.

===1973===
All [[GM A platform|A-bodies]], including the Grand Prix, were redesigned for 1973. This generation was larger and heavier, due partly to the federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) crash bumpers. Although large V8s were still available, performance was on the decline due to another federal standard—a new emissions control system. The most notable styling feature of this generation was the appearance of the fixed opera window, replacing the previous disappearing rear side glass. This year's Grand Prix switched from pillarless hardtop design to a pillared "Colonnade" hardtop with frameless door glass as did all GM intermediates in response to proposed federal safety standards regarding roll-over protection that would have ultimately spelled the end of pillarless and convertible bodystyles, a mandate that fortunately never materialized. The 1973-77 GM intermediates with their pillared hardtop design were often referred to as "Colonnade hardtop coupes" or "Colonnade hardtop sedans".

Front and rear styling of the 1973 Grand Prix turned out be an evolution of the 1971 to 1972 models with a vertical-bar V-nose grille and single headlamps along with the new federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) front bumper. The rear featured a revised boattail-like trim with square-taillights above the bumper.

Inside, a new instrument panel continued the wraparound cockpit theme of previous models with new African Crossfire Mahogany facing on the dashboard, console and door panels. The Strato bucket seats were completely new with higher seatbacks and integrated headrests in Morrokide or scivvy cloth trims, and optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support, with a notchback bench seat offered as a no-cost option.

The standard drivetrain consisted of the four-barrel 400 in³ V8 rated at 230 [[HP|hp]] and the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission. Also standard were power steering and power brakes. A four-barrel 455 in³ V8 was optional and included with the "SJ" option that also added a rally gauge cluster and a radial tuned suspension with front and rear sway bars, Pliacell shock absorbers and radial-ply tires.

===1972===
Minor styling revisions included a new cross-hatch grille up front and triple cluster taillights in back. Inside, the burled-elm trim was replaced by a new teakwood design and upholstery trim patterns for vinyl and cloth selections were revised for both bucket and bench seat offerings. Engine offerings remained the same as before with the major change being the change in [[HP|horsepower]] measurements from the previous gross method on a [[dynamometer]] to the new net ratings as installed in a vehicle with accessories and emission equipment which made the [[HP|horsepower]] ratings of 1972 models much lower "on paper" than their 1971 counterparts though actual performance didn't change much between the two years. Under the new net [[HP|horsepower]] system, the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor was rated at 250 [[HP|hp]] while the optional 455 in³ V8 with four-barrel carb was rated at 300 [[HP|hp]].

At mid-year, Pontiac released a radial tire option for the Grand Prix, which increased the wheel diameter from the standard 14-inch to 15-inchers. The radial donuts, provided by the division's usual tire suppliers, included Firestone 500s and B.F. Goodrich Lifesaver T/As. This was the first time that Pontiac offered a radial tire option which actually became a reality. In 1968, Pontiac announced a radial tire option for the GTO that was quickly discontinued due to production problems.

An all-new Grand Prix was scheduled for 1972. However, a 67-day corporate-wide strike at GM in late 1970 that hobbled the 1971 model introduction set back 1972 model production plans and the new A and G-body cars planned for 1972 were delayed for introduction by one year to the 1973 model year.

===1971===
A new integrated bumper/grille and larger single headlights replacing the quad lights of 1969 to 1970 models marked the introduction of the 1971 Grand Prix along with a new slanted boattail-style rear with taillights built into the bumper. Interior revisions amounted to new trim patterns for cloth and vinyl upholstery patterns for both the bench and bucket seats, but the leather interior option was discontinued.

Engine choices included the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts, rated at 300 [[HP|hp]]; and the optional four-barrel 455 in³ V8 rated at 325 [[HP|hp]]. Both engines received substantially lower compression ratios (8.4 to 1 for 1971 compared to 10.25 to 1 in 1970) as part of a GM-corporate edict that required engines to use lower-octane regular leaded, low lead or unleaded gasoline beginning with the 1971 model year. Transmission offerings initially were carried over from previous years, including the standard three-speed manual, or optional four-speed stick or [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic. However, at mid-year, [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] became standard equipment and the manual shifters were dropped. Variable-ratio power steering was made standard equipment as well. At mid-year, the SJ model received a sealed Delco X battery that no longer needed water refills.

==1962 - 1967==
[[Image:Pontiac-Grand-Prix-'67.jpg|right|thumb|250px|1967 Pontiac Grand Prix convertible. This one year was the only time a convertible was offered.]]
The Grand Prix appeared in the [[Pontiac]] line in 1962. It was essentially a standard [[Pontiac Catalina]] coupe with minimal outside chrome trim and sportier trim (bucket seats and a center console) inside. The performance-minded [[John De Lorean]], head of Advanced Engineering at Pontiac, contributed greatly to the development of both the Grand Prix and the [[Pontiac GTO|GTO]]. Early models had full access to the Pontiac performance option list, including the factory-race [[Pontiac V8 engine#421|Super Duty 421]] powertrain installed in a handful of 1962 and 1963 cars.

The full-size Catalina-based Grand Prix did very well through the 1960s, and is often credited with the move towards minimal exterior trim seen in the 1960s. Yet its clear resemblance to the other full-size Pontiacs caused some to consider it a lesser model than the other personal luxury cars. At the same time, the Grand Prix had a much stronger performance image than its competitors.

For 1963, the Grand Prix received revised sheetmetal shared with other full-size Pontiacs, but with its own squared-off roofline with a concave rear window that contrasted with the convertible-like roofline of the 1962 Grand Prix and continued on the 1963 to 1964 Catalina and Bonneville. Other distinctive styling cues found on Grand Prixs of this era included "hidden" taillight lenses and exclusive grillework up front. Inside, Grand Prixs had luxurious interiors featuring all-vinyl bucket seats separated by a center console with a floor shifter, storage compartment, courtesy light and optional tachometer or vacuum gauge. Starting in 1965, the Grand Prix was offered with a no-cost option bench seat with folding armrest as an alternative to the bucket seats and console.

Standard engines included a 303 [[HP|hp]] 389 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts from 1962 to 1964 and a 325 [[HP|hp]] version of same engine from 1965 to 1966. Optional engines included higher output four-barrel and Tri Power versions of the 389 and larger 421 in³ V8s with up to 376 [[HP|hp]]. In 1967, the 389 was replaced by a 400 in³ V8 rated at 350 [[HP|hp]] as the base engine while the larger 421 was replaced by a 428 in³ V8 with up to 390 [[HP|hp]].

Transmissions included a standard three-speed manual and optional four-speed manual or a [[Hydra-Matic]] transmission. The three-speed Roto Hydra-Matic was offered from 1962 to 1964 and replaced by a new three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic for 1965 and later years.

A two-door hardtop was the sole bodystyle available on the Grand Prix for all years except 1967, when a convertible was also offered as a one-year offering.

==External links==
* [http://www.clubgp.com Club Grand Prix]
* [http://www.gtpworld.com GTP World]
* [http://www.w-body.com/ The W-body Page]
* [http://www.cardomain.com/MakeModel/Pontiac/Grand%20Prix CarDomain: Pontiac Grand Prix] - Pictures of modified Pontiac Grand Prix
* [http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/pontiac-grandprix/pontiac-grandprix-pictures.shtml Muscle Car Club GP Page]
* [http://www.oldride.com/library/pontiac_super_duty.html Pontiac Super Duty Program]
* [http://www.madle.org/epontiac.htm Production numbers for the Pontiac Grand Prix in the 1970s]

[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Pontiac vehicles|Grand Prix]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-size vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]

Pontiac Grand Prix

2006-08-03T20:46:29Z

4.231.59.75: /* 1983 */

[[Image:2006 Pontiac Grand Prix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|2006 Pontiac Grand Prix]]

The '''Pontiac Grand Prix''' is an automobile produced by the [[Pontiac]] division of [[GMC|General Motors Corporation]]. First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size model offering for the 1962 model year, the Grand Prix name has also been applied to cars in the [[personal luxury car]] market segment and the [[mid-size car|mid-size]] offering, slotting below the large [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]] in the company's lineup.
As of mid-model year 2006, the Grand Prix is Pontiac's largest automotive offering in production, superceeding the recently cancelled [[Pontiac Bonneville]] program.

===2004===
The Grand Prix was updated for [[2004]] on a revised version of the [[GM W platform]]. The first 2004 Grand Prix was built on May 5, 2003. A notable addition to the 2006 line is the GXP's [[GM LS engine|small-block]] 5.3 L V8, the Grand Prix's first V8 since 1987. With the closing of the Oshawa plant that produces the car in [[2008]], the Grand Prix will likely end production, and for [[2009]] it will be replaced by the [[GM Zeta platform|Zeta]]-based [[Pontiac G8|G8]].

===1997===
[[Image:Grand Prix Sedan (1997-2003).JPG|250px|right|thumb|1997-2003 Pontiac Grand Prix sedan.]]
In 1997, the [[GM W platform|W-bodies]] got a major redesign. The first 1997 Grand Prix was built on August 12, 1996. Promoted widely for its "wide track" appearance, the second generation W-body Grand Prix sold well. There were 3 trim levels available in 1997; the SE, GT, and GTP. Also beginning in 1997 was the inclusion of a [[supercharger]] for the GTP, boosting power to 240 [[HP|hp]]. The Grand Prix was made in the Fairfax plant in [[Kansas City, Kansas]] until 2003, when production was shifted to [[Oshawa]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. The Fairfax plant was then retooled to build the current [[Chevrolet Malibu]]. The last Grand Prix coupe rolled off the assembly line on July 19, 2002, and the coupe was replaced by the [[Pontiac GTO]] for 2004.

===1996===
3.4L [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] [[V6|V6]] gains 5[[HP|HP]] with intake and exhaust improvements. All Grand Prix coupes get a sport package with five-spoke alloy wheels and dual exhaust. This is the last year for the first-generation W-body Grand Prix.

===1995===
Brake/transmission shift interlock is added. GT coupe dropped in favor of GTP Package. GT sedan continues. Variable-effort steering is added to GTP and GT. New aluminum wheels debut on GT and GTP. Coupes can be equipped with a White Appearance Package, which includes color-keyed alloys and special pinstriping. Floor consoles are redesigned on models with bucket seats.

===1994===
[[Image:Picture261.jpg|250px|right|thumb|1994-1996 Grand Prix with B4U.]]
Grand Prix gets redesigned front/rear fascias and ground effects, as well as a new instrument panel with dual airbags, new gauges, and controls. STE, LE, and GT designations are gone. GT and GTP become option packages on SE coupe. A GT package is available on SE sedan, and includes 3.4 L [[V6|V6]], alloys, low-profile tires, [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]], and sport suspension. Front seatbelts are anchored to pillars instead of doors on sedan; coupe retains door-mounted belts. Twin-cam 3.4 L [[V6|V6]] is up 10 [[HP|hp]]. Five-speed manual and three-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions are dropped in favor of four-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]. Coupes gain standard equipment, including 16-inch alloys, cruise, and leather-wrapped steering wheel with integral radio controls. A completely new 160 [[HP|hp]] 3.1 L [[V6|V6]], Gen III, replaces old 3.1 L [[V6|V6]].

===1991===
In 1991, the [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] models were dropped in favor of a new GTP model. This included the new 3.4 L [[GM 60-Degree V6 engine#LQ1|Twin Dual Cam]] engine along with all available options and a modified version of the B4M body package. It had 210 hp with the standard 5-speed manual and 200 hp with the optional 4-speed automatic. The 2.3L Quad-4 engine was dropped this year, leaving the 140 hp 3.1 V6 as the standard engine. The composite headlights were replaced with mini-quads and the package was renamed B4U. An SE sedan also became available that year.

===1990===
In 1990, a 4-door sedan version was available for the first time in the Grand Prix line, entering production on September 12, 1989. LE and SE models were available with the 2.3L Quad 4 and 3.1L V6, either with manual or automatic trannys. The new Grand Prix STE (Special Touring Edition) had special seats, audio systems, and Driver Information Centers. The seats were 8-way pneumatic with adjustable lumbar supports. The audio systems were 8-speaker with full graphic equalizer and a "gain" slider to control bass. The Driver Information Centers were quite a step up from the more basic ones available in the SE and [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]]. In addition to the basic information that the SE LCD counterparts displayed, the STE [[vacuum fluorescent display]] DICs had a full light and door monitor with icons for all the major vehicle systems. The STE also had a front and rear lightbar in addition to a trunk-panel. The Turbo model carried on this year, again available in red or black only. A [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] STE sedan was also available for this year.

===1989===
In 1989, air conditioning became standard on all models, and a 3.1 L [[fuel injection|multi-port fuel injected]] [[V6|V6]] replaced the 2.8 L engine. Another model designation to appear in 1989 was the '''[[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Grand Prix'''. This version started as an SE minus three available options: leather seats, a sunroof, and in 1990, a [[CD player]]. These were shipped to [[McLaren Cars|McLaren]]/[[American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to get a "B4M" body kit with special molding and hood louvers, and a modified 3.1 L [[V6|V6]] with a [[Garrett]] T-25 [[turbocharger]] and [[intercooler]] and available only with a 4-speed automatic transmission. The [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] also included a full-analog instrument cluster that would soon become the base of the 1990–1993 sport cluster.

===1988===
The first [[front-wheel drive]] [[GM W platform|W-body]] Grand Prix coupe was built on January 12, 1988. This generation Grand Prix was built in [[Kansas City, Kansas]]. Three model designations were available: base, LE, and SE. The Grand Prix LE had standard air conditioning, power windows, and power locks. SE models got the 2.8 L [[V6|V6]] engine along with other amenities, such as "AQ9" 14-way pneumatic power seats, a driver information computer in the center console, and a sport gauge cluster. The Grand Prix was ''[[Motor Trend]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1988.

===1982-1987===
When most A-bodies were moved to a new [[front-wheel drive]] platform in 1982, the Grand Prix remained on the same [[rear-wheel drive]] platform, now under the name "[[GM G platform (RWD)|G-body]]". The Grand Prix remained as a coupe, with its sedan version being the short-lived mid-size [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]]. The Bonneville went back to full-size on the [[GM H platform]] in 1987, and the Grand Prix continued as a rear wheel drive vehicle until that year.

===1984===
New grille inserts and minor revisions to the tail section marked the 1984 Grand Prix. The base and Brougham models continued as before but the LJ was replaced by a new LE model. Same engines continued as before including the Buick 3.8 liter (231 cu.-in.) [[V6|V6]], Chevy 5.0 liter (305 cu.-in.) V8 and Olds 5.7 liter (350 cu.-in.) Diesel V8. A new option this year was the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic 200-4R four-speed overdrive [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] available with the 305 V8 for improved highway gas mileage.

===1983===
No appearance changes for the 1983 GP. Only significant change to note was the 4.1L 252 cid [[V6|V6]] was discontinued and the gas-powered V8 returned after a one-year absence in the form of a 150 [[HP|horsepower]] Chevy 305.
should remake this car like ford dide the mustang

===1982===
The 1982 Grand Prix was a virtual re-run of the 1981 model with no appearance changes to note. No gasoline-powered V8 engines were offered this year, leaving only the standard 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]], a larger Buick 252 cubic-inch [[V6|V6]] and the Olds 350 Diesel V8.

===1981===
A minor reskinning of the sheetmetal for improved aerdynamics marked the 1981 Grand Prix along with a new grille design and revised tail section. The sporty SJ model was dropped and a new ultra-luxurious Brougham series was now the flagship of the Grand Prix line featuring a plush cloth interior similar to the full-sized Bonneville Brougham and standard power windows and other amenities. The base and LJ models continued as before. All models now came standard with the Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] with the 265 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 available as an extra cost option (Chevy 305 V8 in California). The 301 V8 was discontinued and a new option this year was the Oldsmobile-built 350 cubic-inch Diesel V8, which was not often ordered due to high cost of around $700 and poor reliability. The year 1981 was also the last for Pontiac Motor Division to offer its own V8 engine due to an emerging GM corporate engine policy that determined Pontiac would build only four-cylinder engines and Buick only [[V6|V6]] engines, leaving [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and Oldsmobile to build V8 engines for most GM cars and trucks, while Cadillac would produce its own aluminum-block V8 that debuted in 1982. From 1982-on, all V8-equipped Pontiacs were equipped with [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] or Olds engines.

===1980===
The 1980 Grand Prix returned to a vertical bar grille and featured new taillight lenses with "GP" logos. [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] transmission was standard equipment on all models and the two-barrel 301 Pontiac V8 was replaced by a new 265 cubic-inch V8 rated at 125 [[HP|hp]]. The Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] and the four-barrel version of the Pontiac 301 V8 were carried over from the previous year as was the Chevy 305 V8 offered in California.

===1979===
A new crosshatch grille and revised taillight lenses were the only appearance changes made to the 1979 Grand Prix. The same models, base, LJ and SJ continued as before as did the basic engine lineup including the 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]] standard on base and LJ models, the 135-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 with two-barrel carburetor that was optional on both of those models, and the 150-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetion that was standard on the SJ and optional on the other models. Transmissions remained the same as before with the three-speed manual standard with the [[V6|V6]] engine on the base model and [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission optional. The [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission was standard on LJ and SJ models and all models when a V8 engine was ordered. Again, the Pontiac V8s were not available in California, where they were replaced by Chevy 305s rated at 140 and 160 [[HP|hp]].
A new and one-year-only option this year was a four-speed manual transmission available with the 301 four-barrel V8 on all models.

===1978===
1978 brought a downsizing of the Grand Prix and the other [[GM A platform|A-bodies]]. This version of the A-body also received some sheetmetal revisions in 1981. The 1978 GP was about a foot shorter and 600 pounds lighter than the 1977 model with an overall length of 200 inches and a 108-inch wheelbase.

For the first time in Grand Prix history, a V8 engine was not standard equipment. In order to meet Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) mandates set after 1973-74 energy crisis, a Buick-built 231 in³ [[V6|V6]] was standard equipment on the base model (formerly the Model J) and two versions of the Pontiac 301 in³ V8 (Chevy 305 V8 in California) were optional. The luxury LJ model came standard with the 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with two-barrel carburetor while the sporty SJ was powered by a 150 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetor.
A floor-mounted three-speed manual transmission was standard equipment with the [[V6|V6]] on the base model and the three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] was optional. [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic was standard on LJ and SJ models and base models with either of the optional V8 engines.
Standard seating choices by model included a notchback bench seat with cloth or Morrokide vinyl in the base GP, a pillowed velour cloth notchback bench seat in the LJ or Strato bucket seats in cloth or Morrokide in the SJ. The Strato buckets were optional on the base GP and a 60/40 split bench was optional on both base and LJ models. Viscount leather upholstery was available with bucket seats on SJ models.

[[Steve McQueen|Steve McQueen's]] final film, ''[[The Hunter (film)|The Hunter]]'' (1980), featured a 1979 Trans Am which was carjacked by a fleeing felon.

===1977===
Revised grille work with fewer vertical bars, a stand-up hood ornament and revised taillight lenses with "GP" logos highlighted the 1977 Grand Prix, which was the final year for the 1973-vintage bodyshell which was set to be replaced by a downsized GP for 1978. The same three models (J, LJ and SJ) were carried over with engine revisions. The base Model J got Pontiac's new 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 in³ V8 as standard equipment, which was a bit too small and underpowered to propel a 4,000-pound car. Optional engines included a 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 or 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8; those two engines standard on the LJ and SJ models, respectively.

Each of those engines were Pontiac-built units as in previous years, but offered in 49 of the 50 states. Due to the fact that Pontiac's own V8 engines could not meet the more stringent California emission standards set for 1977, all Grand Prixs (and other Pontiac models) sold in California were powered by Oldsmobile-built engines including Lansing's 350 in³ Rocket V8 for J and LJ, and the 403 in³ Rocket V8 standard on the SJ and optional on the other two [[Navigation System|GPs]] in California. Due to a shortage of Olds 350 engines resulting from record sales of Cutlasses and reduced production of that engine due to a plant conversion to build a Diesel V8 beginning in 1978, a few '77 Grand Prixs destined for California reportedly came off the line with a [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]-built 350 in³ V8.

Grand Prix sales soared to an all-time high of over 270,000 units for 1977, the last year for this bodystyle, despite competition from a newly-downsized and lower-priced Ford Thunderbird introduced this year and a restyled Mercury Cougar XR-7 whose bodyshell switched to the T-Bird this year from the discontinued Ford Torino/Mercury Montego.

===1970===
Vertical grille inserts replacing the horizontal bars of the 1969, movement of "Grand Prix" nameplates from the lower cowls to the rear C-pillars and the vertical hashmarks from the C-pillars down to the lower cowls. The optional 428 in³ V8 rated at 370 and 390 [[HP|hp]] in 1969 was replaced by a new 370 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8. Interior trim also received minor revisions, and a bench seat with center armrest returned as a no-cost option to the standard Strato bucket seats and console. Bench seat-equipped Grand Prixs got a steering column-mounted shifter with the [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission along with a dashboard-mounted glovebox, replacing the console-mounted shifter and glovebox of bucket-seat cars. Power front [[4-wheel disc brakes|disc brakes]] became standard equipment this year.

===1969===
For 1969, DeLorean's team introduced all-new Grand Prix based on a slightly stretched version of the intermediate [[GM A platform]]. This smaller, lighter car at last had its own body, and brought a new level style and luxury into the intermediate class. It also refocused attention on performance, with increased installation percentages for [[manual transmission]]s and engine options up to the 390 [[HP|hp]] (290 kW) ''[[Pontiac V8 engine#428|428 HO]]''. It was both a marketing and an engineering landmark, being hailed at the time as "an Eldorado for the masses" and also in retrospect as the first successful downsizing of an American car.

Inside, the 1969 Grand Prix featured a sporty and luxurious interior with a wraparound cockpit-style instrument panel that placed virtually all controls and gauges within easy reach of the driver. The "Strato" bucket seats were separated by a console slanted toward the driver which included the customary floor shifter, storage compartment and ashtray, integrated into the instrument panel. Upholstery choices included standard all-vinyl or cloth and vinyl or an extra-cost leather trim.

Innovations introduced on the 1969 Grand Prix included a concealed radio antenna, which amounted to two wires in the windshield; an optional built-in rear window defogger and side-impact beams inside the doors.

The 1969 Grand Prix also created a new market segment—the intermediate personal luxury car with sales ending up at over 112,000 units, well above the 32,000 full-sized Grand Prixs built in 1968. The similar [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] followed the next year. [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Chrysler Corporation|Chrysler]] responded by producing plusher versions of their [[Ford Torino]] and [[Dodge Charger (B-body)|Dodge Charger]] intermediates, but both eventually created new models to enter the battle—the [[Ford Elite]] and [[Mercury Cougar XR-7]] in 1974 and [[Chrysler Cordoba]] in 1975.

The basic 1969 bodyshell continued until the 1972 model year with a major facelift in 1971 but only minor detail revisions in 1970 and 1972.

===1976===
A new split vertical bar "waterfall" grille and quad rectangular headlights in front and revised taillight lenses out back highlighted the 1976 Grand Prix. The same three model designations continued (J, LJ and SJ) with the LJ and SJ offering the same trim and equipment levels as in 1975 with the exception being the SJ downgraded to a standard 400 in³ V8.

The base Model J underwent a number of content changes to cut the base price by around $500 to be more competitive with other mid-sized personal luxury cars. Those changes for the "J" included a smaller 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 as the base powerplant and some downgrading of interior trim that included a new notchback bench seat made standard equipment and the Strato bucket seats/console moved to the "option" list. Also, custom features such as a cushioned steering wheel and custom pedal trim plates were moved to the option list on Model J, but remained standard on LJ and SJ, both of which also continued to include Strato bucket seats as standard equipment. All models got a new simulated rosewood trim for the dash, door panels and console (with bucket seats) that replaced the African Crossfire Mahogany trim of previous years. Upholstery choices included cloth or Morrokide vinyl bench or bucket seats on the Model J, velour buckets on the LJ or Morrokide buckets on the SJ. Leather interior trim was a new extra-cost option available with the Strato bucket seats and LJ and SJ models.
Both the "LJ" and "SJ" models came standard with a 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8 that was optional on the Model J. The 200 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8 was optional on all models.
In celebration of Pontiac's 50th anniversary in 1976, a number of special edition Grand Prix painted gold were produced. These models featured removable Hurst T-tops, Rally II wheels and other distinctions but were mechanically similar to the regular models.

Grand Prix production set a new record of over 226,000 units during this Bicentennial year, making the GP only second in sales in its market segment to Chevy's Monte Carlo.

===1975===
A revised grille with fewer vertical bars and revised taillight lenses marked the 1975 Grand Prix. Mechanical changes this year included the addition of GM's High Energy electronic ignition and a catalytic coverter that mandated the use of unleaded gasoline. Radial tires became standard on all models.

A new luxury LJ model was added the lineup, positioned between the base Model J and the sporty SJ series. The LJ included pinstriping and a luxurious velour interior trim. Otherwise, interior trim was revised with the real African Crossfire Mahogany trim on the instrument panel replaced by a simulated material though the "real stuff" continued on the door panels and center console. Speedometers were revised with numerals now topping at 100 mph rather than the 120 or 140 mph readings found in previous years and speed readings in kilometers were added.

The addition of the catalytic converter spelled the end of dual exhaust pipes for 1975 and detuning of engines. The 400 in³ V8 (standard on J and LJ models) dropped from 230 to 180 [[HP|hp]] while the 455 in³ V8 (standard on SJ, optional on J and LJ) was detuned from 250 to 200 [[HP|hp]].

===1974===
The 1974 Grand Prix received a revised split grille with vertical bars that was entirely above the bumper. Out back, the boattail effect was softened somewhat thanks to a new federally-mandated 5 mph bumper added to the similar mandated front bumper introduced in 1973. The license plate and fuel filler were moved above the bumper and taillight lenses were revised.
Interior trim remained virtually unchanged from 1973 with standard seating choices including Strato bucket seats with center console or notchback bench seat with armrest and cloth or Morrokide upholstery. The bucket seats were available with optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support.

Engines were carried over from 1973 including the 400 in³ V8 (standard on the Model J) and 455 in³ V8 (standard on the Model SJ, optional on the Model J). [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission, variable-ratio power steering and power brakes were standard equipment on both models. In addition to the 455 V8, the Model SJ also added a Rally Gauge Cluster, "SJ" identification and a radial-tuned suspension similar to Pontiac's Grand Am. Radial tires were also a new option on the Model J this year.

Sales of Grand Prixs for the 1974 model year dropped from 1973's record of around 150,000 units to just under 100,000 units primarily due to new competition in the intermediate personal-luxury car market from a new upsized Mercury Cougar XR-7 coupe. Still 1974 was the third-best selling year to date for the Pontiac Grand Prix.

===1973===
All [[GM A platform|A-bodies]], including the Grand Prix, were redesigned for 1973. This generation was larger and heavier, due partly to the federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) crash bumpers. Although large V8s were still available, performance was on the decline due to another federal standard—a new emissions control system. The most notable styling feature of this generation was the appearance of the fixed opera window, replacing the previous disappearing rear side glass. This year's Grand Prix switched from pillarless hardtop design to a pillared "Colonnade" hardtop with frameless door glass as did all GM intermediates in response to proposed federal safety standards regarding roll-over protection that would have ultimately spelled the end of pillarless and convertible bodystyles, a mandate that fortunately never materialized. The 1973-77 GM intermediates with their pillared hardtop design were often referred to as "Colonnade hardtop coupes" or "Colonnade hardtop sedans".

Front and rear styling of the 1973 Grand Prix turned out be an evolution of the 1971 to 1972 models with a vertical-bar V-nose grille and single headlamps along with the new federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) front bumper. The rear featured a revised boattail-like trim with square-taillights above the bumper.

Inside, a new instrument panel continued the wraparound cockpit theme of previous models with new African Crossfire Mahogany facing on the dashboard, console and door panels. The Strato bucket seats were completely new with higher seatbacks and integrated headrests in Morrokide or scivvy cloth trims, and optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support, with a notchback bench seat offered as a no-cost option.

The standard drivetrain consisted of the four-barrel 400 in³ V8 rated at 230 [[HP|hp]] and the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission. Also standard were power steering and power brakes. A four-barrel 455 in³ V8 was optional and included with the "SJ" option that also added a rally gauge cluster and a radial tuned suspension with front and rear sway bars, Pliacell shock absorbers and radial-ply tires.

===1972===
Minor styling revisions included a new cross-hatch grille up front and triple cluster taillights in back. Inside, the burled-elm trim was replaced by a new teakwood design and upholstery trim patterns for vinyl and cloth selections were revised for both bucket and bench seat offerings. Engine offerings remained the same as before with the major change being the change in [[HP|horsepower]] measurements from the previous gross method on a [[dynamometer]] to the new net ratings as installed in a vehicle with accessories and emission equipment which made the [[HP|horsepower]] ratings of 1972 models much lower "on paper" than their 1971 counterparts though actual performance didn't change much between the two years. Under the new net [[HP|horsepower]] system, the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor was rated at 250 [[HP|hp]] while the optional 455 in³ V8 with four-barrel carb was rated at 300 [[HP|hp]].

At mid-year, Pontiac released a radial tire option for the Grand Prix, which increased the wheel diameter from the standard 14-inch to 15-inchers. The radial donuts, provided by the division's usual tire suppliers, included Firestone 500s and B.F. Goodrich Lifesaver T/As. This was the first time that Pontiac offered a radial tire option which actually became a reality. In 1968, Pontiac announced a radial tire option for the GTO that was quickly discontinued due to production problems.

An all-new Grand Prix was scheduled for 1972. However, a 67-day corporate-wide strike at GM in late 1970 that hobbled the 1971 model introduction set back 1972 model production plans and the new A and G-body cars planned for 1972 were delayed for introduction by one year to the 1973 model year.

===1971===
A new integrated bumper/grille and larger single headlights replacing the quad lights of 1969 to 1970 models marked the introduction of the 1971 Grand Prix along with a new slanted boattail-style rear with taillights built into the bumper. Interior revisions amounted to new trim patterns for cloth and vinyl upholstery patterns for both the bench and bucket seats, but the leather interior option was discontinued.

Engine choices included the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts, rated at 300 [[HP|hp]]; and the optional four-barrel 455 in³ V8 rated at 325 [[HP|hp]]. Both engines received substantially lower compression ratios (8.4 to 1 for 1971 compared to 10.25 to 1 in 1970) as part of a GM-corporate edict that required engines to use lower-octane regular leaded, low lead or unleaded gasoline beginning with the 1971 model year. Transmission offerings initially were carried over from previous years, including the standard three-speed manual, or optional four-speed stick or [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic. However, at mid-year, [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] became standard equipment and the manual shifters were dropped. Variable-ratio power steering was made standard equipment as well. At mid-year, the SJ model received a sealed Delco X battery that no longer needed water refills.

==1962 - 1967==
[[Image:Pontiac-Grand-Prix-'67.jpg|right|thumb|250px|1967 Pontiac Grand Prix convertible. This one year was the only time a convertible was offered.]]
The Grand Prix appeared in the [[Pontiac]] line in 1962. It was essentially a standard [[Pontiac Catalina]] coupe with minimal outside chrome trim and sportier trim (bucket seats and a center console) inside. The performance-minded [[John De Lorean]], head of Advanced Engineering at Pontiac, contributed greatly to the development of both the Grand Prix and the [[Pontiac GTO|GTO]]. Early models had full access to the Pontiac performance option list, including the factory-race [[Pontiac V8 engine#421|Super Duty 421]] powertrain installed in a handful of 1962 and 1963 cars.

The full-size Catalina-based Grand Prix did very well through the 1960s, and is often credited with the move towards minimal exterior trim seen in the 1960s. Yet its clear resemblance to the other full-size Pontiacs caused some to consider it a lesser model than the other personal luxury cars. At the same time, the Grand Prix had a much stronger performance image than its competitors.

For 1963, the Grand Prix received revised sheetmetal shared with other full-size Pontiacs, but with its own squared-off roofline with a concave rear window that contrasted with the convertible-like roofline of the 1962 Grand Prix and continued on the 1963 to 1964 Catalina and Bonneville. Other distinctive styling cues found on Grand Prixs of this era included "hidden" taillight lenses and exclusive grillework up front. Inside, Grand Prixs had luxurious interiors featuring all-vinyl bucket seats separated by a center console with a floor shifter, storage compartment, courtesy light and optional tachometer or vacuum gauge. Starting in 1965, the Grand Prix was offered with a no-cost option bench seat with folding armrest as an alternative to the bucket seats and console.

Standard engines included a 303 [[HP|hp]] 389 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts from 1962 to 1964 and a 325 [[HP|hp]] version of same engine from 1965 to 1966. Optional engines included higher output four-barrel and Tri Power versions of the 389 and larger 421 in³ V8s with up to 376 [[HP|hp]]. In 1967, the 389 was replaced by a 400 in³ V8 rated at 350 [[HP|hp]] as the base engine while the larger 421 was replaced by a 428 in³ V8 with up to 390 [[HP|hp]].

Transmissions included a standard three-speed manual and optional four-speed manual or a [[Hydra-Matic]] transmission. The three-speed Roto Hydra-Matic was offered from 1962 to 1964 and replaced by a new three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic for 1965 and later years.

A two-door hardtop was the sole bodystyle available on the Grand Prix for all years except 1967, when a convertible was also offered as a one-year offering.

==External links==
* [http://www.clubgp.com Club Grand Prix]
* [http://www.gtpworld.com GTP World]
* [http://www.w-body.com/ The W-body Page]
* [http://www.cardomain.com/MakeModel/Pontiac/Grand%20Prix CarDomain: Pontiac Grand Prix] - Pictures of modified Pontiac Grand Prix
* [http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/pontiac-grandprix/pontiac-grandprix-pictures.shtml Muscle Car Club GP Page]
* [http://www.oldride.com/library/pontiac_super_duty.html Pontiac Super Duty Program]
* [http://www.madle.org/epontiac.htm Production numbers for the Pontiac Grand Prix in the 1970s]

[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Pontiac vehicles|Grand Prix]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-size vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]

Pontiac Grand Prix

2006-08-03T20:44:15Z

4.231.59.75: /* 1990 */

[[Image:2006 Pontiac Grand Prix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|2006 Pontiac Grand Prix]]

The '''Pontiac Grand Prix''' is an automobile produced by the [[Pontiac]] division of [[GMC|General Motors Corporation]]. First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size model offering for the 1962 model year, the Grand Prix name has also been applied to cars in the [[personal luxury car]] market segment and the [[mid-size car|mid-size]] offering, slotting below the large [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]] in the company's lineup.
As of mid-model year 2006, the Grand Prix is Pontiac's largest automotive offering in production, superceeding the recently cancelled [[Pontiac Bonneville]] program.

===2004===
The Grand Prix was updated for [[2004]] on a revised version of the [[GM W platform]]. The first 2004 Grand Prix was built on May 5, 2003. A notable addition to the 2006 line is the GXP's [[GM LS engine|small-block]] 5.3 L V8, the Grand Prix's first V8 since 1987. With the closing of the Oshawa plant that produces the car in [[2008]], the Grand Prix will likely end production, and for [[2009]] it will be replaced by the [[GM Zeta platform|Zeta]]-based [[Pontiac G8|G8]].

===1997===
[[Image:Grand Prix Sedan (1997-2003).JPG|250px|right|thumb|1997-2003 Pontiac Grand Prix sedan.]]
In 1997, the [[GM W platform|W-bodies]] got a major redesign. The first 1997 Grand Prix was built on August 12, 1996. Promoted widely for its "wide track" appearance, the second generation W-body Grand Prix sold well. There were 3 trim levels available in 1997; the SE, GT, and GTP. Also beginning in 1997 was the inclusion of a [[supercharger]] for the GTP, boosting power to 240 [[HP|hp]]. The Grand Prix was made in the Fairfax plant in [[Kansas City, Kansas]] until 2003, when production was shifted to [[Oshawa]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. The Fairfax plant was then retooled to build the current [[Chevrolet Malibu]]. The last Grand Prix coupe rolled off the assembly line on July 19, 2002, and the coupe was replaced by the [[Pontiac GTO]] for 2004.

===1996===
3.4L [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] [[V6|V6]] gains 5[[HP|HP]] with intake and exhaust improvements. All Grand Prix coupes get a sport package with five-spoke alloy wheels and dual exhaust. This is the last year for the first-generation W-body Grand Prix.

===1995===
Brake/transmission shift interlock is added. GT coupe dropped in favor of GTP Package. GT sedan continues. Variable-effort steering is added to GTP and GT. New aluminum wheels debut on GT and GTP. Coupes can be equipped with a White Appearance Package, which includes color-keyed alloys and special pinstriping. Floor consoles are redesigned on models with bucket seats.

===1994===
[[Image:Picture261.jpg|250px|right|thumb|1994-1996 Grand Prix with B4U.]]
Grand Prix gets redesigned front/rear fascias and ground effects, as well as a new instrument panel with dual airbags, new gauges, and controls. STE, LE, and GT designations are gone. GT and GTP become option packages on SE coupe. A GT package is available on SE sedan, and includes 3.4 L [[V6|V6]], alloys, low-profile tires, [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]], and sport suspension. Front seatbelts are anchored to pillars instead of doors on sedan; coupe retains door-mounted belts. Twin-cam 3.4 L [[V6|V6]] is up 10 [[HP|hp]]. Five-speed manual and three-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions are dropped in favor of four-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]. Coupes gain standard equipment, including 16-inch alloys, cruise, and leather-wrapped steering wheel with integral radio controls. A completely new 160 [[HP|hp]] 3.1 L [[V6|V6]], Gen III, replaces old 3.1 L [[V6|V6]].

===1991===
In 1991, the [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] models were dropped in favor of a new GTP model. This included the new 3.4 L [[GM 60-Degree V6 engine#LQ1|Twin Dual Cam]] engine along with all available options and a modified version of the B4M body package. It had 210 hp with the standard 5-speed manual and 200 hp with the optional 4-speed automatic. The 2.3L Quad-4 engine was dropped this year, leaving the 140 hp 3.1 V6 as the standard engine. The composite headlights were replaced with mini-quads and the package was renamed B4U. An SE sedan also became available that year.

===1990===
In 1990, a 4-door sedan version was available for the first time in the Grand Prix line, entering production on September 12, 1989. LE and SE models were available with the 2.3L Quad 4 and 3.1L V6, either with manual or automatic trannys. The new Grand Prix STE (Special Touring Edition) had special seats, audio systems, and Driver Information Centers. The seats were 8-way pneumatic with adjustable lumbar supports. The audio systems were 8-speaker with full graphic equalizer and a "gain" slider to control bass. The Driver Information Centers were quite a step up from the more basic ones available in the SE and [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]]. In addition to the basic information that the SE LCD counterparts displayed, the STE [[vacuum fluorescent display]] DICs had a full light and door monitor with icons for all the major vehicle systems. The STE also had a front and rear lightbar in addition to a trunk-panel. The Turbo model carried on this year, again available in red or black only. A [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] STE sedan was also available for this year.

===1989===
In 1989, air conditioning became standard on all models, and a 3.1 L [[fuel injection|multi-port fuel injected]] [[V6|V6]] replaced the 2.8 L engine. Another model designation to appear in 1989 was the '''[[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Grand Prix'''. This version started as an SE minus three available options: leather seats, a sunroof, and in 1990, a [[CD player]]. These were shipped to [[McLaren Cars|McLaren]]/[[American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to get a "B4M" body kit with special molding and hood louvers, and a modified 3.1 L [[V6|V6]] with a [[Garrett]] T-25 [[turbocharger]] and [[intercooler]] and available only with a 4-speed automatic transmission. The [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] also included a full-analog instrument cluster that would soon become the base of the 1990–1993 sport cluster.

===1988===
The first [[front-wheel drive]] [[GM W platform|W-body]] Grand Prix coupe was built on January 12, 1988. This generation Grand Prix was built in [[Kansas City, Kansas]]. Three model designations were available: base, LE, and SE. The Grand Prix LE had standard air conditioning, power windows, and power locks. SE models got the 2.8 L [[V6|V6]] engine along with other amenities, such as "AQ9" 14-way pneumatic power seats, a driver information computer in the center console, and a sport gauge cluster. The Grand Prix was ''[[Motor Trend]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1988.

===1982-1987===
When most A-bodies were moved to a new [[front-wheel drive]] platform in 1982, the Grand Prix remained on the same [[rear-wheel drive]] platform, now under the name "[[GM G platform (RWD)|G-body]]". The Grand Prix remained as a coupe, with its sedan version being the short-lived mid-size [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]]. The Bonneville went back to full-size on the [[GM H platform]] in 1987, and the Grand Prix continued as a rear wheel drive vehicle until that year.

===1984===
New grille inserts and minor revisions to the tail section marked the 1984 Grand Prix. The base and Brougham models continued as before but the LJ was replaced by a new LE model. Same engines continued as before including the Buick 3.8 liter (231 cu.-in.) [[V6|V6]], Chevy 5.0 liter (305 cu.-in.) V8 and Olds 5.7 liter (350 cu.-in.) Diesel V8. A new option this year was the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic 200-4R four-speed overdrive [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] available with the 305 V8 for improved highway gas mileage.

===1983===
No appearance changes for the 1983 GP. Only significant change to note was the 252 [[V6|V6]] was discontinued and the gas-powered V8 returned after a one-year absence in the form of a 150 [[HP|horsepower]] Chevy 305.
should remake this car like ford dide the mustang

===1982===
The 1982 Grand Prix was a virtual re-run of the 1981 model with no appearance changes to note. No gasoline-powered V8 engines were offered this year, leaving only the standard 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]], a larger Buick 252 cubic-inch [[V6|V6]] and the Olds 350 Diesel V8.

===1981===
A minor reskinning of the sheetmetal for improved aerdynamics marked the 1981 Grand Prix along with a new grille design and revised tail section. The sporty SJ model was dropped and a new ultra-luxurious Brougham series was now the flagship of the Grand Prix line featuring a plush cloth interior similar to the full-sized Bonneville Brougham and standard power windows and other amenities. The base and LJ models continued as before. All models now came standard with the Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] with the 265 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 available as an extra cost option (Chevy 305 V8 in California). The 301 V8 was discontinued and a new option this year was the Oldsmobile-built 350 cubic-inch Diesel V8, which was not often ordered due to high cost of around $700 and poor reliability. The year 1981 was also the last for Pontiac Motor Division to offer its own V8 engine due to an emerging GM corporate engine policy that determined Pontiac would build only four-cylinder engines and Buick only [[V6|V6]] engines, leaving [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and Oldsmobile to build V8 engines for most GM cars and trucks, while Cadillac would produce its own aluminum-block V8 that debuted in 1982. From 1982-on, all V8-equipped Pontiacs were equipped with [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] or Olds engines.

===1980===
The 1980 Grand Prix returned to a vertical bar grille and featured new taillight lenses with "GP" logos. [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] transmission was standard equipment on all models and the two-barrel 301 Pontiac V8 was replaced by a new 265 cubic-inch V8 rated at 125 [[HP|hp]]. The Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] and the four-barrel version of the Pontiac 301 V8 were carried over from the previous year as was the Chevy 305 V8 offered in California.

===1979===
A new crosshatch grille and revised taillight lenses were the only appearance changes made to the 1979 Grand Prix. The same models, base, LJ and SJ continued as before as did the basic engine lineup including the 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]] standard on base and LJ models, the 135-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 with two-barrel carburetor that was optional on both of those models, and the 150-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetion that was standard on the SJ and optional on the other models. Transmissions remained the same as before with the three-speed manual standard with the [[V6|V6]] engine on the base model and [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission optional. The [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission was standard on LJ and SJ models and all models when a V8 engine was ordered. Again, the Pontiac V8s were not available in California, where they were replaced by Chevy 305s rated at 140 and 160 [[HP|hp]].
A new and one-year-only option this year was a four-speed manual transmission available with the 301 four-barrel V8 on all models.

===1978===
1978 brought a downsizing of the Grand Prix and the other [[GM A platform|A-bodies]]. This version of the A-body also received some sheetmetal revisions in 1981. The 1978 GP was about a foot shorter and 600 pounds lighter than the 1977 model with an overall length of 200 inches and a 108-inch wheelbase.

For the first time in Grand Prix history, a V8 engine was not standard equipment. In order to meet Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) mandates set after 1973-74 energy crisis, a Buick-built 231 in³ [[V6|V6]] was standard equipment on the base model (formerly the Model J) and two versions of the Pontiac 301 in³ V8 (Chevy 305 V8 in California) were optional. The luxury LJ model came standard with the 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with two-barrel carburetor while the sporty SJ was powered by a 150 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetor.
A floor-mounted three-speed manual transmission was standard equipment with the [[V6|V6]] on the base model and the three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] was optional. [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic was standard on LJ and SJ models and base models with either of the optional V8 engines.
Standard seating choices by model included a notchback bench seat with cloth or Morrokide vinyl in the base GP, a pillowed velour cloth notchback bench seat in the LJ or Strato bucket seats in cloth or Morrokide in the SJ. The Strato buckets were optional on the base GP and a 60/40 split bench was optional on both base and LJ models. Viscount leather upholstery was available with bucket seats on SJ models.

[[Steve McQueen|Steve McQueen's]] final film, ''[[The Hunter (film)|The Hunter]]'' (1980), featured a 1979 Trans Am which was carjacked by a fleeing felon.

===1977===
Revised grille work with fewer vertical bars, a stand-up hood ornament and revised taillight lenses with "GP" logos highlighted the 1977 Grand Prix, which was the final year for the 1973-vintage bodyshell which was set to be replaced by a downsized GP for 1978. The same three models (J, LJ and SJ) were carried over with engine revisions. The base Model J got Pontiac's new 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 in³ V8 as standard equipment, which was a bit too small and underpowered to propel a 4,000-pound car. Optional engines included a 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 or 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8; those two engines standard on the LJ and SJ models, respectively.

Each of those engines were Pontiac-built units as in previous years, but offered in 49 of the 50 states. Due to the fact that Pontiac's own V8 engines could not meet the more stringent California emission standards set for 1977, all Grand Prixs (and other Pontiac models) sold in California were powered by Oldsmobile-built engines including Lansing's 350 in³ Rocket V8 for J and LJ, and the 403 in³ Rocket V8 standard on the SJ and optional on the other two [[Navigation System|GPs]] in California. Due to a shortage of Olds 350 engines resulting from record sales of Cutlasses and reduced production of that engine due to a plant conversion to build a Diesel V8 beginning in 1978, a few '77 Grand Prixs destined for California reportedly came off the line with a [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]-built 350 in³ V8.

Grand Prix sales soared to an all-time high of over 270,000 units for 1977, the last year for this bodystyle, despite competition from a newly-downsized and lower-priced Ford Thunderbird introduced this year and a restyled Mercury Cougar XR-7 whose bodyshell switched to the T-Bird this year from the discontinued Ford Torino/Mercury Montego.

===1970===
Vertical grille inserts replacing the horizontal bars of the 1969, movement of "Grand Prix" nameplates from the lower cowls to the rear C-pillars and the vertical hashmarks from the C-pillars down to the lower cowls. The optional 428 in³ V8 rated at 370 and 390 [[HP|hp]] in 1969 was replaced by a new 370 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8. Interior trim also received minor revisions, and a bench seat with center armrest returned as a no-cost option to the standard Strato bucket seats and console. Bench seat-equipped Grand Prixs got a steering column-mounted shifter with the [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission along with a dashboard-mounted glovebox, replacing the console-mounted shifter and glovebox of bucket-seat cars. Power front [[4-wheel disc brakes|disc brakes]] became standard equipment this year.

===1969===
For 1969, DeLorean's team introduced all-new Grand Prix based on a slightly stretched version of the intermediate [[GM A platform]]. This smaller, lighter car at last had its own body, and brought a new level style and luxury into the intermediate class. It also refocused attention on performance, with increased installation percentages for [[manual transmission]]s and engine options up to the 390 [[HP|hp]] (290 kW) ''[[Pontiac V8 engine#428|428 HO]]''. It was both a marketing and an engineering landmark, being hailed at the time as "an Eldorado for the masses" and also in retrospect as the first successful downsizing of an American car.

Inside, the 1969 Grand Prix featured a sporty and luxurious interior with a wraparound cockpit-style instrument panel that placed virtually all controls and gauges within easy reach of the driver. The "Strato" bucket seats were separated by a console slanted toward the driver which included the customary floor shifter, storage compartment and ashtray, integrated into the instrument panel. Upholstery choices included standard all-vinyl or cloth and vinyl or an extra-cost leather trim.

Innovations introduced on the 1969 Grand Prix included a concealed radio antenna, which amounted to two wires in the windshield; an optional built-in rear window defogger and side-impact beams inside the doors.

The 1969 Grand Prix also created a new market segment—the intermediate personal luxury car with sales ending up at over 112,000 units, well above the 32,000 full-sized Grand Prixs built in 1968. The similar [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] followed the next year. [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Chrysler Corporation|Chrysler]] responded by producing plusher versions of their [[Ford Torino]] and [[Dodge Charger (B-body)|Dodge Charger]] intermediates, but both eventually created new models to enter the battle—the [[Ford Elite]] and [[Mercury Cougar XR-7]] in 1974 and [[Chrysler Cordoba]] in 1975.

The basic 1969 bodyshell continued until the 1972 model year with a major facelift in 1971 but only minor detail revisions in 1970 and 1972.

===1976===
A new split vertical bar "waterfall" grille and quad rectangular headlights in front and revised taillight lenses out back highlighted the 1976 Grand Prix. The same three model designations continued (J, LJ and SJ) with the LJ and SJ offering the same trim and equipment levels as in 1975 with the exception being the SJ downgraded to a standard 400 in³ V8.

The base Model J underwent a number of content changes to cut the base price by around $500 to be more competitive with other mid-sized personal luxury cars. Those changes for the "J" included a smaller 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 as the base powerplant and some downgrading of interior trim that included a new notchback bench seat made standard equipment and the Strato bucket seats/console moved to the "option" list. Also, custom features such as a cushioned steering wheel and custom pedal trim plates were moved to the option list on Model J, but remained standard on LJ and SJ, both of which also continued to include Strato bucket seats as standard equipment. All models got a new simulated rosewood trim for the dash, door panels and console (with bucket seats) that replaced the African Crossfire Mahogany trim of previous years. Upholstery choices included cloth or Morrokide vinyl bench or bucket seats on the Model J, velour buckets on the LJ or Morrokide buckets on the SJ. Leather interior trim was a new extra-cost option available with the Strato bucket seats and LJ and SJ models.
Both the "LJ" and "SJ" models came standard with a 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8 that was optional on the Model J. The 200 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8 was optional on all models.
In celebration of Pontiac's 50th anniversary in 1976, a number of special edition Grand Prix painted gold were produced. These models featured removable Hurst T-tops, Rally II wheels and other distinctions but were mechanically similar to the regular models.

Grand Prix production set a new record of over 226,000 units during this Bicentennial year, making the GP only second in sales in its market segment to Chevy's Monte Carlo.

===1975===
A revised grille with fewer vertical bars and revised taillight lenses marked the 1975 Grand Prix. Mechanical changes this year included the addition of GM's High Energy electronic ignition and a catalytic coverter that mandated the use of unleaded gasoline. Radial tires became standard on all models.

A new luxury LJ model was added the lineup, positioned between the base Model J and the sporty SJ series. The LJ included pinstriping and a luxurious velour interior trim. Otherwise, interior trim was revised with the real African Crossfire Mahogany trim on the instrument panel replaced by a simulated material though the "real stuff" continued on the door panels and center console. Speedometers were revised with numerals now topping at 100 mph rather than the 120 or 140 mph readings found in previous years and speed readings in kilometers were added.

The addition of the catalytic converter spelled the end of dual exhaust pipes for 1975 and detuning of engines. The 400 in³ V8 (standard on J and LJ models) dropped from 230 to 180 [[HP|hp]] while the 455 in³ V8 (standard on SJ, optional on J and LJ) was detuned from 250 to 200 [[HP|hp]].

===1974===
The 1974 Grand Prix received a revised split grille with vertical bars that was entirely above the bumper. Out back, the boattail effect was softened somewhat thanks to a new federally-mandated 5 mph bumper added to the similar mandated front bumper introduced in 1973. The license plate and fuel filler were moved above the bumper and taillight lenses were revised.
Interior trim remained virtually unchanged from 1973 with standard seating choices including Strato bucket seats with center console or notchback bench seat with armrest and cloth or Morrokide upholstery. The bucket seats were available with optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support.

Engines were carried over from 1973 including the 400 in³ V8 (standard on the Model J) and 455 in³ V8 (standard on the Model SJ, optional on the Model J). [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission, variable-ratio power steering and power brakes were standard equipment on both models. In addition to the 455 V8, the Model SJ also added a Rally Gauge Cluster, "SJ" identification and a radial-tuned suspension similar to Pontiac's Grand Am. Radial tires were also a new option on the Model J this year.

Sales of Grand Prixs for the 1974 model year dropped from 1973's record of around 150,000 units to just under 100,000 units primarily due to new competition in the intermediate personal-luxury car market from a new upsized Mercury Cougar XR-7 coupe. Still 1974 was the third-best selling year to date for the Pontiac Grand Prix.

===1973===
All [[GM A platform|A-bodies]], including the Grand Prix, were redesigned for 1973. This generation was larger and heavier, due partly to the federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) crash bumpers. Although large V8s were still available, performance was on the decline due to another federal standard—a new emissions control system. The most notable styling feature of this generation was the appearance of the fixed opera window, replacing the previous disappearing rear side glass. This year's Grand Prix switched from pillarless hardtop design to a pillared "Colonnade" hardtop with frameless door glass as did all GM intermediates in response to proposed federal safety standards regarding roll-over protection that would have ultimately spelled the end of pillarless and convertible bodystyles, a mandate that fortunately never materialized. The 1973-77 GM intermediates with their pillared hardtop design were often referred to as "Colonnade hardtop coupes" or "Colonnade hardtop sedans".

Front and rear styling of the 1973 Grand Prix turned out be an evolution of the 1971 to 1972 models with a vertical-bar V-nose grille and single headlamps along with the new federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) front bumper. The rear featured a revised boattail-like trim with square-taillights above the bumper.

Inside, a new instrument panel continued the wraparound cockpit theme of previous models with new African Crossfire Mahogany facing on the dashboard, console and door panels. The Strato bucket seats were completely new with higher seatbacks and integrated headrests in Morrokide or scivvy cloth trims, and optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support, with a notchback bench seat offered as a no-cost option.

The standard drivetrain consisted of the four-barrel 400 in³ V8 rated at 230 [[HP|hp]] and the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission. Also standard were power steering and power brakes. A four-barrel 455 in³ V8 was optional and included with the "SJ" option that also added a rally gauge cluster and a radial tuned suspension with front and rear sway bars, Pliacell shock absorbers and radial-ply tires.

===1972===
Minor styling revisions included a new cross-hatch grille up front and triple cluster taillights in back. Inside, the burled-elm trim was replaced by a new teakwood design and upholstery trim patterns for vinyl and cloth selections were revised for both bucket and bench seat offerings. Engine offerings remained the same as before with the major change being the change in [[HP|horsepower]] measurements from the previous gross method on a [[dynamometer]] to the new net ratings as installed in a vehicle with accessories and emission equipment which made the [[HP|horsepower]] ratings of 1972 models much lower "on paper" than their 1971 counterparts though actual performance didn't change much between the two years. Under the new net [[HP|horsepower]] system, the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor was rated at 250 [[HP|hp]] while the optional 455 in³ V8 with four-barrel carb was rated at 300 [[HP|hp]].

At mid-year, Pontiac released a radial tire option for the Grand Prix, which increased the wheel diameter from the standard 14-inch to 15-inchers. The radial donuts, provided by the division's usual tire suppliers, included Firestone 500s and B.F. Goodrich Lifesaver T/As. This was the first time that Pontiac offered a radial tire option which actually became a reality. In 1968, Pontiac announced a radial tire option for the GTO that was quickly discontinued due to production problems.

An all-new Grand Prix was scheduled for 1972. However, a 67-day corporate-wide strike at GM in late 1970 that hobbled the 1971 model introduction set back 1972 model production plans and the new A and G-body cars planned for 1972 were delayed for introduction by one year to the 1973 model year.

===1971===
A new integrated bumper/grille and larger single headlights replacing the quad lights of 1969 to 1970 models marked the introduction of the 1971 Grand Prix along with a new slanted boattail-style rear with taillights built into the bumper. Interior revisions amounted to new trim patterns for cloth and vinyl upholstery patterns for both the bench and bucket seats, but the leather interior option was discontinued.

Engine choices included the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts, rated at 300 [[HP|hp]]; and the optional four-barrel 455 in³ V8 rated at 325 [[HP|hp]]. Both engines received substantially lower compression ratios (8.4 to 1 for 1971 compared to 10.25 to 1 in 1970) as part of a GM-corporate edict that required engines to use lower-octane regular leaded, low lead or unleaded gasoline beginning with the 1971 model year. Transmission offerings initially were carried over from previous years, including the standard three-speed manual, or optional four-speed stick or [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic. However, at mid-year, [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] became standard equipment and the manual shifters were dropped. Variable-ratio power steering was made standard equipment as well. At mid-year, the SJ model received a sealed Delco X battery that no longer needed water refills.

==1962 - 1967==
[[Image:Pontiac-Grand-Prix-'67.jpg|right|thumb|250px|1967 Pontiac Grand Prix convertible. This one year was the only time a convertible was offered.]]
The Grand Prix appeared in the [[Pontiac]] line in 1962. It was essentially a standard [[Pontiac Catalina]] coupe with minimal outside chrome trim and sportier trim (bucket seats and a center console) inside. The performance-minded [[John De Lorean]], head of Advanced Engineering at Pontiac, contributed greatly to the development of both the Grand Prix and the [[Pontiac GTO|GTO]]. Early models had full access to the Pontiac performance option list, including the factory-race [[Pontiac V8 engine#421|Super Duty 421]] powertrain installed in a handful of 1962 and 1963 cars.

The full-size Catalina-based Grand Prix did very well through the 1960s, and is often credited with the move towards minimal exterior trim seen in the 1960s. Yet its clear resemblance to the other full-size Pontiacs caused some to consider it a lesser model than the other personal luxury cars. At the same time, the Grand Prix had a much stronger performance image than its competitors.

For 1963, the Grand Prix received revised sheetmetal shared with other full-size Pontiacs, but with its own squared-off roofline with a concave rear window that contrasted with the convertible-like roofline of the 1962 Grand Prix and continued on the 1963 to 1964 Catalina and Bonneville. Other distinctive styling cues found on Grand Prixs of this era included "hidden" taillight lenses and exclusive grillework up front. Inside, Grand Prixs had luxurious interiors featuring all-vinyl bucket seats separated by a center console with a floor shifter, storage compartment, courtesy light and optional tachometer or vacuum gauge. Starting in 1965, the Grand Prix was offered with a no-cost option bench seat with folding armrest as an alternative to the bucket seats and console.

Standard engines included a 303 [[HP|hp]] 389 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts from 1962 to 1964 and a 325 [[HP|hp]] version of same engine from 1965 to 1966. Optional engines included higher output four-barrel and Tri Power versions of the 389 and larger 421 in³ V8s with up to 376 [[HP|hp]]. In 1967, the 389 was replaced by a 400 in³ V8 rated at 350 [[HP|hp]] as the base engine while the larger 421 was replaced by a 428 in³ V8 with up to 390 [[HP|hp]].

Transmissions included a standard three-speed manual and optional four-speed manual or a [[Hydra-Matic]] transmission. The three-speed Roto Hydra-Matic was offered from 1962 to 1964 and replaced by a new three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic for 1965 and later years.

A two-door hardtop was the sole bodystyle available on the Grand Prix for all years except 1967, when a convertible was also offered as a one-year offering.

==External links==
* [http://www.clubgp.com Club Grand Prix]
* [http://www.gtpworld.com GTP World]
* [http://www.w-body.com/ The W-body Page]
* [http://www.cardomain.com/MakeModel/Pontiac/Grand%20Prix CarDomain: Pontiac Grand Prix] - Pictures of modified Pontiac Grand Prix
* [http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/pontiac-grandprix/pontiac-grandprix-pictures.shtml Muscle Car Club GP Page]
* [http://www.oldride.com/library/pontiac_super_duty.html Pontiac Super Duty Program]
* [http://www.madle.org/epontiac.htm Production numbers for the Pontiac Grand Prix in the 1970s]

[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Pontiac vehicles|Grand Prix]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-size vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]

Pontiac Grand Prix

2006-08-03T20:41:15Z

4.231.59.75: /* 1990 */

[[Image:2006 Pontiac Grand Prix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|2006 Pontiac Grand Prix]]

The '''Pontiac Grand Prix''' is an automobile produced by the [[Pontiac]] division of [[GMC|General Motors Corporation]]. First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size model offering for the 1962 model year, the Grand Prix name has also been applied to cars in the [[personal luxury car]] market segment and the [[mid-size car|mid-size]] offering, slotting below the large [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]] in the company's lineup.
As of mid-model year 2006, the Grand Prix is Pontiac's largest automotive offering in production, superceeding the recently cancelled [[Pontiac Bonneville]] program.

===2004===
The Grand Prix was updated for [[2004]] on a revised version of the [[GM W platform]]. The first 2004 Grand Prix was built on May 5, 2003. A notable addition to the 2006 line is the GXP's [[GM LS engine|small-block]] 5.3 L V8, the Grand Prix's first V8 since 1987. With the closing of the Oshawa plant that produces the car in [[2008]], the Grand Prix will likely end production, and for [[2009]] it will be replaced by the [[GM Zeta platform|Zeta]]-based [[Pontiac G8|G8]].

===1997===
[[Image:Grand Prix Sedan (1997-2003).JPG|250px|right|thumb|1997-2003 Pontiac Grand Prix sedan.]]
In 1997, the [[GM W platform|W-bodies]] got a major redesign. The first 1997 Grand Prix was built on August 12, 1996. Promoted widely for its "wide track" appearance, the second generation W-body Grand Prix sold well. There were 3 trim levels available in 1997; the SE, GT, and GTP. Also beginning in 1997 was the inclusion of a [[supercharger]] for the GTP, boosting power to 240 [[HP|hp]]. The Grand Prix was made in the Fairfax plant in [[Kansas City, Kansas]] until 2003, when production was shifted to [[Oshawa]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. The Fairfax plant was then retooled to build the current [[Chevrolet Malibu]]. The last Grand Prix coupe rolled off the assembly line on July 19, 2002, and the coupe was replaced by the [[Pontiac GTO]] for 2004.

===1996===
3.4L [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] [[V6|V6]] gains 5[[HP|HP]] with intake and exhaust improvements. All Grand Prix coupes get a sport package with five-spoke alloy wheels and dual exhaust. This is the last year for the first-generation W-body Grand Prix.

===1995===
Brake/transmission shift interlock is added. GT coupe dropped in favor of GTP Package. GT sedan continues. Variable-effort steering is added to GTP and GT. New aluminum wheels debut on GT and GTP. Coupes can be equipped with a White Appearance Package, which includes color-keyed alloys and special pinstriping. Floor consoles are redesigned on models with bucket seats.

===1994===
[[Image:Picture261.jpg|250px|right|thumb|1994-1996 Grand Prix with B4U.]]
Grand Prix gets redesigned front/rear fascias and ground effects, as well as a new instrument panel with dual airbags, new gauges, and controls. STE, LE, and GT designations are gone. GT and GTP become option packages on SE coupe. A GT package is available on SE sedan, and includes 3.4 L [[V6|V6]], alloys, low-profile tires, [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]], and sport suspension. Front seatbelts are anchored to pillars instead of doors on sedan; coupe retains door-mounted belts. Twin-cam 3.4 L [[V6|V6]] is up 10 [[HP|hp]]. Five-speed manual and three-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions are dropped in favor of four-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]. Coupes gain standard equipment, including 16-inch alloys, cruise, and leather-wrapped steering wheel with integral radio controls. A completely new 160 [[HP|hp]] 3.1 L [[V6|V6]], Gen III, replaces old 3.1 L [[V6|V6]].

===1991===
In 1991, the [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] models were dropped in favor of a new GTP model. This included the new 3.4 L [[GM 60-Degree V6 engine#LQ1|Twin Dual Cam]] engine along with all available options and a modified version of the B4M body package. It had 210 hp with the standard 5-speed manual and 200 hp with the optional 4-speed automatic. The 2.3L Quad-4 engine was dropped this year, leaving the 140 hp 3.1 V6 as the standard engine. The composite headlights were replaced with mini-quads and the package was renamed B4U. An SE sedan also became available that year.

===1990===
In 1990, a 4-door sedan version was available for the first time in the Grand Prix line, entering production on September 12, 1989. LE and SE models were available with the 2.3L Quad 4 and 3.1L V6, either with 5-speed manual trannys or 4-speed automatics. The new Grand Prix STE (Special Touring Edition) had special seats, audio systems, and Driver Information Centers. The seats were 8-way pneumatic with adjustable lumbar supports. The audio systems were 8-speaker with full graphic equalizer and a "gain" slider to control bass. The Driver Information Centers were quite a step up from the more basic ones available in the SE and [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]]. In addition to the basic information that the SE LCD counterparts displayed, the STE [[vacuum fluorescent display]] DICs had a full light and door monitor with icons for all the major vehicle systems. The STE also had a front and rear lightbar in addition to a trunk-panel. The Turbo model carried on this year, again available in red or black only. A [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] STE sedan was also available for this year.

===1989===
In 1989, air conditioning became standard on all models, and a 3.1 L [[fuel injection|multi-port fuel injected]] [[V6|V6]] replaced the 2.8 L engine. Another model designation to appear in 1989 was the '''[[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Grand Prix'''. This version started as an SE minus three available options: leather seats, a sunroof, and in 1990, a [[CD player]]. These were shipped to [[McLaren Cars|McLaren]]/[[American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to get a "B4M" body kit with special molding and hood louvers, and a modified 3.1 L [[V6|V6]] with a [[Garrett]] T-25 [[turbocharger]] and [[intercooler]] and available only with a 4-speed automatic transmission. The [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] also included a full-analog instrument cluster that would soon become the base of the 1990–1993 sport cluster.

===1988===
The first [[front-wheel drive]] [[GM W platform|W-body]] Grand Prix coupe was built on January 12, 1988. This generation Grand Prix was built in [[Kansas City, Kansas]]. Three model designations were available: base, LE, and SE. The Grand Prix LE had standard air conditioning, power windows, and power locks. SE models got the 2.8 L [[V6|V6]] engine along with other amenities, such as "AQ9" 14-way pneumatic power seats, a driver information computer in the center console, and a sport gauge cluster. The Grand Prix was ''[[Motor Trend]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1988.

===1982-1987===
When most A-bodies were moved to a new [[front-wheel drive]] platform in 1982, the Grand Prix remained on the same [[rear-wheel drive]] platform, now under the name "[[GM G platform (RWD)|G-body]]". The Grand Prix remained as a coupe, with its sedan version being the short-lived mid-size [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]]. The Bonneville went back to full-size on the [[GM H platform]] in 1987, and the Grand Prix continued as a rear wheel drive vehicle until that year.

===1984===
New grille inserts and minor revisions to the tail section marked the 1984 Grand Prix. The base and Brougham models continued as before but the LJ was replaced by a new LE model. Same engines continued as before including the Buick 3.8 liter (231 cu.-in.) [[V6|V6]], Chevy 5.0 liter (305 cu.-in.) V8 and Olds 5.7 liter (350 cu.-in.) Diesel V8. A new option this year was the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic 200-4R four-speed overdrive [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] available with the 305 V8 for improved highway gas mileage.

===1983===
No appearance changes for the 1983 GP. Only significant change to note was the 252 [[V6|V6]] was discontinued and the gas-powered V8 returned after a one-year absence in the form of a 150 [[HP|horsepower]] Chevy 305.
should remake this car like ford dide the mustang

===1982===
The 1982 Grand Prix was a virtual re-run of the 1981 model with no appearance changes to note. No gasoline-powered V8 engines were offered this year, leaving only the standard 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]], a larger Buick 252 cubic-inch [[V6|V6]] and the Olds 350 Diesel V8.

===1981===
A minor reskinning of the sheetmetal for improved aerdynamics marked the 1981 Grand Prix along with a new grille design and revised tail section. The sporty SJ model was dropped and a new ultra-luxurious Brougham series was now the flagship of the Grand Prix line featuring a plush cloth interior similar to the full-sized Bonneville Brougham and standard power windows and other amenities. The base and LJ models continued as before. All models now came standard with the Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] with the 265 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 available as an extra cost option (Chevy 305 V8 in California). The 301 V8 was discontinued and a new option this year was the Oldsmobile-built 350 cubic-inch Diesel V8, which was not often ordered due to high cost of around $700 and poor reliability. The year 1981 was also the last for Pontiac Motor Division to offer its own V8 engine due to an emerging GM corporate engine policy that determined Pontiac would build only four-cylinder engines and Buick only [[V6|V6]] engines, leaving [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and Oldsmobile to build V8 engines for most GM cars and trucks, while Cadillac would produce its own aluminum-block V8 that debuted in 1982. From 1982-on, all V8-equipped Pontiacs were equipped with [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] or Olds engines.

===1980===
The 1980 Grand Prix returned to a vertical bar grille and featured new taillight lenses with "GP" logos. [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] transmission was standard equipment on all models and the two-barrel 301 Pontiac V8 was replaced by a new 265 cubic-inch V8 rated at 125 [[HP|hp]]. The Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] and the four-barrel version of the Pontiac 301 V8 were carried over from the previous year as was the Chevy 305 V8 offered in California.

===1979===
A new crosshatch grille and revised taillight lenses were the only appearance changes made to the 1979 Grand Prix. The same models, base, LJ and SJ continued as before as did the basic engine lineup including the 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]] standard on base and LJ models, the 135-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 with two-barrel carburetor that was optional on both of those models, and the 150-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetion that was standard on the SJ and optional on the other models. Transmissions remained the same as before with the three-speed manual standard with the [[V6|V6]] engine on the base model and [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission optional. The [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission was standard on LJ and SJ models and all models when a V8 engine was ordered. Again, the Pontiac V8s were not available in California, where they were replaced by Chevy 305s rated at 140 and 160 [[HP|hp]].
A new and one-year-only option this year was a four-speed manual transmission available with the 301 four-barrel V8 on all models.

===1978===
1978 brought a downsizing of the Grand Prix and the other [[GM A platform|A-bodies]]. This version of the A-body also received some sheetmetal revisions in 1981. The 1978 GP was about a foot shorter and 600 pounds lighter than the 1977 model with an overall length of 200 inches and a 108-inch wheelbase.

For the first time in Grand Prix history, a V8 engine was not standard equipment. In order to meet Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) mandates set after 1973-74 energy crisis, a Buick-built 231 in³ [[V6|V6]] was standard equipment on the base model (formerly the Model J) and two versions of the Pontiac 301 in³ V8 (Chevy 305 V8 in California) were optional. The luxury LJ model came standard with the 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with two-barrel carburetor while the sporty SJ was powered by a 150 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetor.
A floor-mounted three-speed manual transmission was standard equipment with the [[V6|V6]] on the base model and the three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] was optional. [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic was standard on LJ and SJ models and base models with either of the optional V8 engines.
Standard seating choices by model included a notchback bench seat with cloth or Morrokide vinyl in the base GP, a pillowed velour cloth notchback bench seat in the LJ or Strato bucket seats in cloth or Morrokide in the SJ. The Strato buckets were optional on the base GP and a 60/40 split bench was optional on both base and LJ models. Viscount leather upholstery was available with bucket seats on SJ models.

[[Steve McQueen|Steve McQueen's]] final film, ''[[The Hunter (film)|The Hunter]]'' (1980), featured a 1979 Trans Am which was carjacked by a fleeing felon.

===1977===
Revised grille work with fewer vertical bars, a stand-up hood ornament and revised taillight lenses with "GP" logos highlighted the 1977 Grand Prix, which was the final year for the 1973-vintage bodyshell which was set to be replaced by a downsized GP for 1978. The same three models (J, LJ and SJ) were carried over with engine revisions. The base Model J got Pontiac's new 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 in³ V8 as standard equipment, which was a bit too small and underpowered to propel a 4,000-pound car. Optional engines included a 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 or 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8; those two engines standard on the LJ and SJ models, respectively.

Each of those engines were Pontiac-built units as in previous years, but offered in 49 of the 50 states. Due to the fact that Pontiac's own V8 engines could not meet the more stringent California emission standards set for 1977, all Grand Prixs (and other Pontiac models) sold in California were powered by Oldsmobile-built engines including Lansing's 350 in³ Rocket V8 for J and LJ, and the 403 in³ Rocket V8 standard on the SJ and optional on the other two [[Navigation System|GPs]] in California. Due to a shortage of Olds 350 engines resulting from record sales of Cutlasses and reduced production of that engine due to a plant conversion to build a Diesel V8 beginning in 1978, a few '77 Grand Prixs destined for California reportedly came off the line with a [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]-built 350 in³ V8.

Grand Prix sales soared to an all-time high of over 270,000 units for 1977, the last year for this bodystyle, despite competition from a newly-downsized and lower-priced Ford Thunderbird introduced this year and a restyled Mercury Cougar XR-7 whose bodyshell switched to the T-Bird this year from the discontinued Ford Torino/Mercury Montego.

===1970===
Vertical grille inserts replacing the horizontal bars of the 1969, movement of "Grand Prix" nameplates from the lower cowls to the rear C-pillars and the vertical hashmarks from the C-pillars down to the lower cowls. The optional 428 in³ V8 rated at 370 and 390 [[HP|hp]] in 1969 was replaced by a new 370 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8. Interior trim also received minor revisions, and a bench seat with center armrest returned as a no-cost option to the standard Strato bucket seats and console. Bench seat-equipped Grand Prixs got a steering column-mounted shifter with the [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission along with a dashboard-mounted glovebox, replacing the console-mounted shifter and glovebox of bucket-seat cars. Power front [[4-wheel disc brakes|disc brakes]] became standard equipment this year.

===1969===
For 1969, DeLorean's team introduced all-new Grand Prix based on a slightly stretched version of the intermediate [[GM A platform]]. This smaller, lighter car at last had its own body, and brought a new level style and luxury into the intermediate class. It also refocused attention on performance, with increased installation percentages for [[manual transmission]]s and engine options up to the 390 [[HP|hp]] (290 kW) ''[[Pontiac V8 engine#428|428 HO]]''. It was both a marketing and an engineering landmark, being hailed at the time as "an Eldorado for the masses" and also in retrospect as the first successful downsizing of an American car.

Inside, the 1969 Grand Prix featured a sporty and luxurious interior with a wraparound cockpit-style instrument panel that placed virtually all controls and gauges within easy reach of the driver. The "Strato" bucket seats were separated by a console slanted toward the driver which included the customary floor shifter, storage compartment and ashtray, integrated into the instrument panel. Upholstery choices included standard all-vinyl or cloth and vinyl or an extra-cost leather trim.

Innovations introduced on the 1969 Grand Prix included a concealed radio antenna, which amounted to two wires in the windshield; an optional built-in rear window defogger and side-impact beams inside the doors.

The 1969 Grand Prix also created a new market segment—the intermediate personal luxury car with sales ending up at over 112,000 units, well above the 32,000 full-sized Grand Prixs built in 1968. The similar [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] followed the next year. [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Chrysler Corporation|Chrysler]] responded by producing plusher versions of their [[Ford Torino]] and [[Dodge Charger (B-body)|Dodge Charger]] intermediates, but both eventually created new models to enter the battle—the [[Ford Elite]] and [[Mercury Cougar XR-7]] in 1974 and [[Chrysler Cordoba]] in 1975.

The basic 1969 bodyshell continued until the 1972 model year with a major facelift in 1971 but only minor detail revisions in 1970 and 1972.

===1976===
A new split vertical bar "waterfall" grille and quad rectangular headlights in front and revised taillight lenses out back highlighted the 1976 Grand Prix. The same three model designations continued (J, LJ and SJ) with the LJ and SJ offering the same trim and equipment levels as in 1975 with the exception being the SJ downgraded to a standard 400 in³ V8.

The base Model J underwent a number of content changes to cut the base price by around $500 to be more competitive with other mid-sized personal luxury cars. Those changes for the "J" included a smaller 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 as the base powerplant and some downgrading of interior trim that included a new notchback bench seat made standard equipment and the Strato bucket seats/console moved to the "option" list. Also, custom features such as a cushioned steering wheel and custom pedal trim plates were moved to the option list on Model J, but remained standard on LJ and SJ, both of which also continued to include Strato bucket seats as standard equipment. All models got a new simulated rosewood trim for the dash, door panels and console (with bucket seats) that replaced the African Crossfire Mahogany trim of previous years. Upholstery choices included cloth or Morrokide vinyl bench or bucket seats on the Model J, velour buckets on the LJ or Morrokide buckets on the SJ. Leather interior trim was a new extra-cost option available with the Strato bucket seats and LJ and SJ models.
Both the "LJ" and "SJ" models came standard with a 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8 that was optional on the Model J. The 200 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8 was optional on all models.
In celebration of Pontiac's 50th anniversary in 1976, a number of special edition Grand Prix painted gold were produced. These models featured removable Hurst T-tops, Rally II wheels and other distinctions but were mechanically similar to the regular models.

Grand Prix production set a new record of over 226,000 units during this Bicentennial year, making the GP only second in sales in its market segment to Chevy's Monte Carlo.

===1975===
A revised grille with fewer vertical bars and revised taillight lenses marked the 1975 Grand Prix. Mechanical changes this year included the addition of GM's High Energy electronic ignition and a catalytic coverter that mandated the use of unleaded gasoline. Radial tires became standard on all models.

A new luxury LJ model was added the lineup, positioned between the base Model J and the sporty SJ series. The LJ included pinstriping and a luxurious velour interior trim. Otherwise, interior trim was revised with the real African Crossfire Mahogany trim on the instrument panel replaced by a simulated material though the "real stuff" continued on the door panels and center console. Speedometers were revised with numerals now topping at 100 mph rather than the 120 or 140 mph readings found in previous years and speed readings in kilometers were added.

The addition of the catalytic converter spelled the end of dual exhaust pipes for 1975 and detuning of engines. The 400 in³ V8 (standard on J and LJ models) dropped from 230 to 180 [[HP|hp]] while the 455 in³ V8 (standard on SJ, optional on J and LJ) was detuned from 250 to 200 [[HP|hp]].

===1974===
The 1974 Grand Prix received a revised split grille with vertical bars that was entirely above the bumper. Out back, the boattail effect was softened somewhat thanks to a new federally-mandated 5 mph bumper added to the similar mandated front bumper introduced in 1973. The license plate and fuel filler were moved above the bumper and taillight lenses were revised.
Interior trim remained virtually unchanged from 1973 with standard seating choices including Strato bucket seats with center console or notchback bench seat with armrest and cloth or Morrokide upholstery. The bucket seats were available with optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support.

Engines were carried over from 1973 including the 400 in³ V8 (standard on the Model J) and 455 in³ V8 (standard on the Model SJ, optional on the Model J). [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission, variable-ratio power steering and power brakes were standard equipment on both models. In addition to the 455 V8, the Model SJ also added a Rally Gauge Cluster, "SJ" identification and a radial-tuned suspension similar to Pontiac's Grand Am. Radial tires were also a new option on the Model J this year.

Sales of Grand Prixs for the 1974 model year dropped from 1973's record of around 150,000 units to just under 100,000 units primarily due to new competition in the intermediate personal-luxury car market from a new upsized Mercury Cougar XR-7 coupe. Still 1974 was the third-best selling year to date for the Pontiac Grand Prix.

===1973===
All [[GM A platform|A-bodies]], including the Grand Prix, were redesigned for 1973. This generation was larger and heavier, due partly to the federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) crash bumpers. Although large V8s were still available, performance was on the decline due to another federal standard—a new emissions control system. The most notable styling feature of this generation was the appearance of the fixed opera window, replacing the previous disappearing rear side glass. This year's Grand Prix switched from pillarless hardtop design to a pillared "Colonnade" hardtop with frameless door glass as did all GM intermediates in response to proposed federal safety standards regarding roll-over protection that would have ultimately spelled the end of pillarless and convertible bodystyles, a mandate that fortunately never materialized. The 1973-77 GM intermediates with their pillared hardtop design were often referred to as "Colonnade hardtop coupes" or "Colonnade hardtop sedans".

Front and rear styling of the 1973 Grand Prix turned out be an evolution of the 1971 to 1972 models with a vertical-bar V-nose grille and single headlamps along with the new federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) front bumper. The rear featured a revised boattail-like trim with square-taillights above the bumper.

Inside, a new instrument panel continued the wraparound cockpit theme of previous models with new African Crossfire Mahogany facing on the dashboard, console and door panels. The Strato bucket seats were completely new with higher seatbacks and integrated headrests in Morrokide or scivvy cloth trims, and optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support, with a notchback bench seat offered as a no-cost option.

The standard drivetrain consisted of the four-barrel 400 in³ V8 rated at 230 [[HP|hp]] and the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission. Also standard were power steering and power brakes. A four-barrel 455 in³ V8 was optional and included with the "SJ" option that also added a rally gauge cluster and a radial tuned suspension with front and rear sway bars, Pliacell shock absorbers and radial-ply tires.

===1972===
Minor styling revisions included a new cross-hatch grille up front and triple cluster taillights in back. Inside, the burled-elm trim was replaced by a new teakwood design and upholstery trim patterns for vinyl and cloth selections were revised for both bucket and bench seat offerings. Engine offerings remained the same as before with the major change being the change in [[HP|horsepower]] measurements from the previous gross method on a [[dynamometer]] to the new net ratings as installed in a vehicle with accessories and emission equipment which made the [[HP|horsepower]] ratings of 1972 models much lower "on paper" than their 1971 counterparts though actual performance didn't change much between the two years. Under the new net [[HP|horsepower]] system, the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor was rated at 250 [[HP|hp]] while the optional 455 in³ V8 with four-barrel carb was rated at 300 [[HP|hp]].

At mid-year, Pontiac released a radial tire option for the Grand Prix, which increased the wheel diameter from the standard 14-inch to 15-inchers. The radial donuts, provided by the division's usual tire suppliers, included Firestone 500s and B.F. Goodrich Lifesaver T/As. This was the first time that Pontiac offered a radial tire option which actually became a reality. In 1968, Pontiac announced a radial tire option for the GTO that was quickly discontinued due to production problems.

An all-new Grand Prix was scheduled for 1972. However, a 67-day corporate-wide strike at GM in late 1970 that hobbled the 1971 model introduction set back 1972 model production plans and the new A and G-body cars planned for 1972 were delayed for introduction by one year to the 1973 model year.

===1971===
A new integrated bumper/grille and larger single headlights replacing the quad lights of 1969 to 1970 models marked the introduction of the 1971 Grand Prix along with a new slanted boattail-style rear with taillights built into the bumper. Interior revisions amounted to new trim patterns for cloth and vinyl upholstery patterns for both the bench and bucket seats, but the leather interior option was discontinued.

Engine choices included the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts, rated at 300 [[HP|hp]]; and the optional four-barrel 455 in³ V8 rated at 325 [[HP|hp]]. Both engines received substantially lower compression ratios (8.4 to 1 for 1971 compared to 10.25 to 1 in 1970) as part of a GM-corporate edict that required engines to use lower-octane regular leaded, low lead or unleaded gasoline beginning with the 1971 model year. Transmission offerings initially were carried over from previous years, including the standard three-speed manual, or optional four-speed stick or [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic. However, at mid-year, [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] became standard equipment and the manual shifters were dropped. Variable-ratio power steering was made standard equipment as well. At mid-year, the SJ model received a sealed Delco X battery that no longer needed water refills.

==1962 - 1967==
[[Image:Pontiac-Grand-Prix-'67.jpg|right|thumb|250px|1967 Pontiac Grand Prix convertible. This one year was the only time a convertible was offered.]]
The Grand Prix appeared in the [[Pontiac]] line in 1962. It was essentially a standard [[Pontiac Catalina]] coupe with minimal outside chrome trim and sportier trim (bucket seats and a center console) inside. The performance-minded [[John De Lorean]], head of Advanced Engineering at Pontiac, contributed greatly to the development of both the Grand Prix and the [[Pontiac GTO|GTO]]. Early models had full access to the Pontiac performance option list, including the factory-race [[Pontiac V8 engine#421|Super Duty 421]] powertrain installed in a handful of 1962 and 1963 cars.

The full-size Catalina-based Grand Prix did very well through the 1960s, and is often credited with the move towards minimal exterior trim seen in the 1960s. Yet its clear resemblance to the other full-size Pontiacs caused some to consider it a lesser model than the other personal luxury cars. At the same time, the Grand Prix had a much stronger performance image than its competitors.

For 1963, the Grand Prix received revised sheetmetal shared with other full-size Pontiacs, but with its own squared-off roofline with a concave rear window that contrasted with the convertible-like roofline of the 1962 Grand Prix and continued on the 1963 to 1964 Catalina and Bonneville. Other distinctive styling cues found on Grand Prixs of this era included "hidden" taillight lenses and exclusive grillework up front. Inside, Grand Prixs had luxurious interiors featuring all-vinyl bucket seats separated by a center console with a floor shifter, storage compartment, courtesy light and optional tachometer or vacuum gauge. Starting in 1965, the Grand Prix was offered with a no-cost option bench seat with folding armrest as an alternative to the bucket seats and console.

Standard engines included a 303 [[HP|hp]] 389 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts from 1962 to 1964 and a 325 [[HP|hp]] version of same engine from 1965 to 1966. Optional engines included higher output four-barrel and Tri Power versions of the 389 and larger 421 in³ V8s with up to 376 [[HP|hp]]. In 1967, the 389 was replaced by a 400 in³ V8 rated at 350 [[HP|hp]] as the base engine while the larger 421 was replaced by a 428 in³ V8 with up to 390 [[HP|hp]].

Transmissions included a standard three-speed manual and optional four-speed manual or a [[Hydra-Matic]] transmission. The three-speed Roto Hydra-Matic was offered from 1962 to 1964 and replaced by a new three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic for 1965 and later years.

A two-door hardtop was the sole bodystyle available on the Grand Prix for all years except 1967, when a convertible was also offered as a one-year offering.

==External links==
* [http://www.clubgp.com Club Grand Prix]
* [http://www.gtpworld.com GTP World]
* [http://www.w-body.com/ The W-body Page]
* [http://www.cardomain.com/MakeModel/Pontiac/Grand%20Prix CarDomain: Pontiac Grand Prix] - Pictures of modified Pontiac Grand Prix
* [http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/pontiac-grandprix/pontiac-grandprix-pictures.shtml Muscle Car Club GP Page]
* [http://www.oldride.com/library/pontiac_super_duty.html Pontiac Super Duty Program]
* [http://www.madle.org/epontiac.htm Production numbers for the Pontiac Grand Prix in the 1970s]

[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Pontiac vehicles|Grand Prix]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-size vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]

Pontiac Grand Prix

2006-08-03T20:34:45Z

4.231.59.75: /* 1989 */

[[Image:2006 Pontiac Grand Prix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|2006 Pontiac Grand Prix]]

The '''Pontiac Grand Prix''' is an automobile produced by the [[Pontiac]] division of [[GMC|General Motors Corporation]]. First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size model offering for the 1962 model year, the Grand Prix name has also been applied to cars in the [[personal luxury car]] market segment and the [[mid-size car|mid-size]] offering, slotting below the large [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]] in the company's lineup.
As of mid-model year 2006, the Grand Prix is Pontiac's largest automotive offering in production, superceeding the recently cancelled [[Pontiac Bonneville]] program.

===2004===
The Grand Prix was updated for [[2004]] on a revised version of the [[GM W platform]]. The first 2004 Grand Prix was built on May 5, 2003. A notable addition to the 2006 line is the GXP's [[GM LS engine|small-block]] 5.3 L V8, the Grand Prix's first V8 since 1987. With the closing of the Oshawa plant that produces the car in [[2008]], the Grand Prix will likely end production, and for [[2009]] it will be replaced by the [[GM Zeta platform|Zeta]]-based [[Pontiac G8|G8]].

===1997===
[[Image:Grand Prix Sedan (1997-2003).JPG|250px|right|thumb|1997-2003 Pontiac Grand Prix sedan.]]
In 1997, the [[GM W platform|W-bodies]] got a major redesign. The first 1997 Grand Prix was built on August 12, 1996. Promoted widely for its "wide track" appearance, the second generation W-body Grand Prix sold well. There were 3 trim levels available in 1997; the SE, GT, and GTP. Also beginning in 1997 was the inclusion of a [[supercharger]] for the GTP, boosting power to 240 [[HP|hp]]. The Grand Prix was made in the Fairfax plant in [[Kansas City, Kansas]] until 2003, when production was shifted to [[Oshawa]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. The Fairfax plant was then retooled to build the current [[Chevrolet Malibu]]. The last Grand Prix coupe rolled off the assembly line on July 19, 2002, and the coupe was replaced by the [[Pontiac GTO]] for 2004.

===1996===
3.4L [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] [[V6|V6]] gains 5[[HP|HP]] with intake and exhaust improvements. All Grand Prix coupes get a sport package with five-spoke alloy wheels and dual exhaust. This is the last year for the first-generation W-body Grand Prix.

===1995===
Brake/transmission shift interlock is added. GT coupe dropped in favor of GTP Package. GT sedan continues. Variable-effort steering is added to GTP and GT. New aluminum wheels debut on GT and GTP. Coupes can be equipped with a White Appearance Package, which includes color-keyed alloys and special pinstriping. Floor consoles are redesigned on models with bucket seats.

===1994===
[[Image:Picture261.jpg|250px|right|thumb|1994-1996 Grand Prix with B4U.]]
Grand Prix gets redesigned front/rear fascias and ground effects, as well as a new instrument panel with dual airbags, new gauges, and controls. STE, LE, and GT designations are gone. GT and GTP become option packages on SE coupe. A GT package is available on SE sedan, and includes 3.4 L [[V6|V6]], alloys, low-profile tires, [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]], and sport suspension. Front seatbelts are anchored to pillars instead of doors on sedan; coupe retains door-mounted belts. Twin-cam 3.4 L [[V6|V6]] is up 10 [[HP|hp]]. Five-speed manual and three-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions are dropped in favor of four-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]. Coupes gain standard equipment, including 16-inch alloys, cruise, and leather-wrapped steering wheel with integral radio controls. A completely new 160 [[HP|hp]] 3.1 L [[V6|V6]], Gen III, replaces old 3.1 L [[V6|V6]].

===1991===
In 1991, the [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] models were dropped in favor of a new GTP model. This included the new 3.4 L [[GM 60-Degree V6 engine#LQ1|Twin Dual Cam]] engine along with all available options and a modified version of the B4M body package. It had 210 hp with the standard 5-speed manual and 200 hp with the optional 4-speed automatic. The 2.3L Quad-4 engine was dropped this year, leaving the 140 hp 3.1 V6 as the standard engine. The composite headlights were replaced with mini-quads and the package was renamed B4U. An SE sedan also became available that year.

===1990===
In 1990, the base model was dropped in favor of a sedan version, entering production on September 12, 1989. The new Grand Prix STE (Special Touring Edition) had special seats, audio systems, and Driver Information Centers. The seats were 8-way pneumatic with adjustable lumbar supports. The audio systems were 8-speaker with full graphic equalizer and a "gain" slider to control bass. The Driver Information Centers were quite a step up from the more basic ones available in the SE and [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]]. In addition to the basic information that the SE LCD counterparts displayed, the STE [[vacuum fluorescent display]] DICs had a full light and door monitor with icons for all the major vehicle systems. The STE also had a front and rear lightbar in addition to a trunk-panel. A [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] STE was also available for this year.

===1989===
In 1989, air conditioning became standard on all models, and a 3.1 L [[fuel injection|multi-port fuel injected]] [[V6|V6]] replaced the 2.8 L engine. Another model designation to appear in 1989 was the '''[[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Grand Prix'''. This version started as an SE minus three available options: leather seats, a sunroof, and in 1990, a [[CD player]]. These were shipped to [[McLaren Cars|McLaren]]/[[American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to get a "B4M" body kit with special molding and hood louvers, and a modified 3.1 L [[V6|V6]] with a [[Garrett]] T-25 [[turbocharger]] and [[intercooler]] and available only with a 4-speed automatic transmission. The [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] also included a full-analog instrument cluster that would soon become the base of the 1990–1993 sport cluster.

===1988===
The first [[front-wheel drive]] [[GM W platform|W-body]] Grand Prix coupe was built on January 12, 1988. This generation Grand Prix was built in [[Kansas City, Kansas]]. Three model designations were available: base, LE, and SE. The Grand Prix LE had standard air conditioning, power windows, and power locks. SE models got the 2.8 L [[V6|V6]] engine along with other amenities, such as "AQ9" 14-way pneumatic power seats, a driver information computer in the center console, and a sport gauge cluster. The Grand Prix was ''[[Motor Trend]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1988.

===1982-1987===
When most A-bodies were moved to a new [[front-wheel drive]] platform in 1982, the Grand Prix remained on the same [[rear-wheel drive]] platform, now under the name "[[GM G platform (RWD)|G-body]]". The Grand Prix remained as a coupe, with its sedan version being the short-lived mid-size [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]]. The Bonneville went back to full-size on the [[GM H platform]] in 1987, and the Grand Prix continued as a rear wheel drive vehicle until that year.

===1984===
New grille inserts and minor revisions to the tail section marked the 1984 Grand Prix. The base and Brougham models continued as before but the LJ was replaced by a new LE model. Same engines continued as before including the Buick 3.8 liter (231 cu.-in.) [[V6|V6]], Chevy 5.0 liter (305 cu.-in.) V8 and Olds 5.7 liter (350 cu.-in.) Diesel V8. A new option this year was the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic 200-4R four-speed overdrive [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] available with the 305 V8 for improved highway gas mileage.

===1983===
No appearance changes for the 1983 GP. Only significant change to note was the 252 [[V6|V6]] was discontinued and the gas-powered V8 returned after a one-year absence in the form of a 150 [[HP|horsepower]] Chevy 305.
should remake this car like ford dide the mustang

===1982===
The 1982 Grand Prix was a virtual re-run of the 1981 model with no appearance changes to note. No gasoline-powered V8 engines were offered this year, leaving only the standard 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]], a larger Buick 252 cubic-inch [[V6|V6]] and the Olds 350 Diesel V8.

===1981===
A minor reskinning of the sheetmetal for improved aerdynamics marked the 1981 Grand Prix along with a new grille design and revised tail section. The sporty SJ model was dropped and a new ultra-luxurious Brougham series was now the flagship of the Grand Prix line featuring a plush cloth interior similar to the full-sized Bonneville Brougham and standard power windows and other amenities. The base and LJ models continued as before. All models now came standard with the Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] with the 265 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 available as an extra cost option (Chevy 305 V8 in California). The 301 V8 was discontinued and a new option this year was the Oldsmobile-built 350 cubic-inch Diesel V8, which was not often ordered due to high cost of around $700 and poor reliability. The year 1981 was also the last for Pontiac Motor Division to offer its own V8 engine due to an emerging GM corporate engine policy that determined Pontiac would build only four-cylinder engines and Buick only [[V6|V6]] engines, leaving [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and Oldsmobile to build V8 engines for most GM cars and trucks, while Cadillac would produce its own aluminum-block V8 that debuted in 1982. From 1982-on, all V8-equipped Pontiacs were equipped with [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] or Olds engines.

===1980===
The 1980 Grand Prix returned to a vertical bar grille and featured new taillight lenses with "GP" logos. [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] transmission was standard equipment on all models and the two-barrel 301 Pontiac V8 was replaced by a new 265 cubic-inch V8 rated at 125 [[HP|hp]]. The Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] and the four-barrel version of the Pontiac 301 V8 were carried over from the previous year as was the Chevy 305 V8 offered in California.

===1979===
A new crosshatch grille and revised taillight lenses were the only appearance changes made to the 1979 Grand Prix. The same models, base, LJ and SJ continued as before as did the basic engine lineup including the 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]] standard on base and LJ models, the 135-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 with two-barrel carburetor that was optional on both of those models, and the 150-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetion that was standard on the SJ and optional on the other models. Transmissions remained the same as before with the three-speed manual standard with the [[V6|V6]] engine on the base model and [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission optional. The [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission was standard on LJ and SJ models and all models when a V8 engine was ordered. Again, the Pontiac V8s were not available in California, where they were replaced by Chevy 305s rated at 140 and 160 [[HP|hp]].
A new and one-year-only option this year was a four-speed manual transmission available with the 301 four-barrel V8 on all models.

===1978===
1978 brought a downsizing of the Grand Prix and the other [[GM A platform|A-bodies]]. This version of the A-body also received some sheetmetal revisions in 1981. The 1978 GP was about a foot shorter and 600 pounds lighter than the 1977 model with an overall length of 200 inches and a 108-inch wheelbase.

For the first time in Grand Prix history, a V8 engine was not standard equipment. In order to meet Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) mandates set after 1973-74 energy crisis, a Buick-built 231 in³ [[V6|V6]] was standard equipment on the base model (formerly the Model J) and two versions of the Pontiac 301 in³ V8 (Chevy 305 V8 in California) were optional. The luxury LJ model came standard with the 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with two-barrel carburetor while the sporty SJ was powered by a 150 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetor.
A floor-mounted three-speed manual transmission was standard equipment with the [[V6|V6]] on the base model and the three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] was optional. [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic was standard on LJ and SJ models and base models with either of the optional V8 engines.
Standard seating choices by model included a notchback bench seat with cloth or Morrokide vinyl in the base GP, a pillowed velour cloth notchback bench seat in the LJ or Strato bucket seats in cloth or Morrokide in the SJ. The Strato buckets were optional on the base GP and a 60/40 split bench was optional on both base and LJ models. Viscount leather upholstery was available with bucket seats on SJ models.

[[Steve McQueen|Steve McQueen's]] final film, ''[[The Hunter (film)|The Hunter]]'' (1980), featured a 1979 Trans Am which was carjacked by a fleeing felon.

===1977===
Revised grille work with fewer vertical bars, a stand-up hood ornament and revised taillight lenses with "GP" logos highlighted the 1977 Grand Prix, which was the final year for the 1973-vintage bodyshell which was set to be replaced by a downsized GP for 1978. The same three models (J, LJ and SJ) were carried over with engine revisions. The base Model J got Pontiac's new 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 in³ V8 as standard equipment, which was a bit too small and underpowered to propel a 4,000-pound car. Optional engines included a 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 or 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8; those two engines standard on the LJ and SJ models, respectively.

Each of those engines were Pontiac-built units as in previous years, but offered in 49 of the 50 states. Due to the fact that Pontiac's own V8 engines could not meet the more stringent California emission standards set for 1977, all Grand Prixs (and other Pontiac models) sold in California were powered by Oldsmobile-built engines including Lansing's 350 in³ Rocket V8 for J and LJ, and the 403 in³ Rocket V8 standard on the SJ and optional on the other two [[Navigation System|GPs]] in California. Due to a shortage of Olds 350 engines resulting from record sales of Cutlasses and reduced production of that engine due to a plant conversion to build a Diesel V8 beginning in 1978, a few '77 Grand Prixs destined for California reportedly came off the line with a [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]-built 350 in³ V8.

Grand Prix sales soared to an all-time high of over 270,000 units for 1977, the last year for this bodystyle, despite competition from a newly-downsized and lower-priced Ford Thunderbird introduced this year and a restyled Mercury Cougar XR-7 whose bodyshell switched to the T-Bird this year from the discontinued Ford Torino/Mercury Montego.

===1970===
Vertical grille inserts replacing the horizontal bars of the 1969, movement of "Grand Prix" nameplates from the lower cowls to the rear C-pillars and the vertical hashmarks from the C-pillars down to the lower cowls. The optional 428 in³ V8 rated at 370 and 390 [[HP|hp]] in 1969 was replaced by a new 370 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8. Interior trim also received minor revisions, and a bench seat with center armrest returned as a no-cost option to the standard Strato bucket seats and console. Bench seat-equipped Grand Prixs got a steering column-mounted shifter with the [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission along with a dashboard-mounted glovebox, replacing the console-mounted shifter and glovebox of bucket-seat cars. Power front [[4-wheel disc brakes|disc brakes]] became standard equipment this year.

===1969===
For 1969, DeLorean's team introduced all-new Grand Prix based on a slightly stretched version of the intermediate [[GM A platform]]. This smaller, lighter car at last had its own body, and brought a new level style and luxury into the intermediate class. It also refocused attention on performance, with increased installation percentages for [[manual transmission]]s and engine options up to the 390 [[HP|hp]] (290 kW) ''[[Pontiac V8 engine#428|428 HO]]''. It was both a marketing and an engineering landmark, being hailed at the time as "an Eldorado for the masses" and also in retrospect as the first successful downsizing of an American car.

Inside, the 1969 Grand Prix featured a sporty and luxurious interior with a wraparound cockpit-style instrument panel that placed virtually all controls and gauges within easy reach of the driver. The "Strato" bucket seats were separated by a console slanted toward the driver which included the customary floor shifter, storage compartment and ashtray, integrated into the instrument panel. Upholstery choices included standard all-vinyl or cloth and vinyl or an extra-cost leather trim.

Innovations introduced on the 1969 Grand Prix included a concealed radio antenna, which amounted to two wires in the windshield; an optional built-in rear window defogger and side-impact beams inside the doors.

The 1969 Grand Prix also created a new market segment—the intermediate personal luxury car with sales ending up at over 112,000 units, well above the 32,000 full-sized Grand Prixs built in 1968. The similar [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] followed the next year. [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Chrysler Corporation|Chrysler]] responded by producing plusher versions of their [[Ford Torino]] and [[Dodge Charger (B-body)|Dodge Charger]] intermediates, but both eventually created new models to enter the battle—the [[Ford Elite]] and [[Mercury Cougar XR-7]] in 1974 and [[Chrysler Cordoba]] in 1975.

The basic 1969 bodyshell continued until the 1972 model year with a major facelift in 1971 but only minor detail revisions in 1970 and 1972.

===1976===
A new split vertical bar "waterfall" grille and quad rectangular headlights in front and revised taillight lenses out back highlighted the 1976 Grand Prix. The same three model designations continued (J, LJ and SJ) with the LJ and SJ offering the same trim and equipment levels as in 1975 with the exception being the SJ downgraded to a standard 400 in³ V8.

The base Model J underwent a number of content changes to cut the base price by around $500 to be more competitive with other mid-sized personal luxury cars. Those changes for the "J" included a smaller 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 as the base powerplant and some downgrading of interior trim that included a new notchback bench seat made standard equipment and the Strato bucket seats/console moved to the "option" list. Also, custom features such as a cushioned steering wheel and custom pedal trim plates were moved to the option list on Model J, but remained standard on LJ and SJ, both of which also continued to include Strato bucket seats as standard equipment. All models got a new simulated rosewood trim for the dash, door panels and console (with bucket seats) that replaced the African Crossfire Mahogany trim of previous years. Upholstery choices included cloth or Morrokide vinyl bench or bucket seats on the Model J, velour buckets on the LJ or Morrokide buckets on the SJ. Leather interior trim was a new extra-cost option available with the Strato bucket seats and LJ and SJ models.
Both the "LJ" and "SJ" models came standard with a 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8 that was optional on the Model J. The 200 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8 was optional on all models.
In celebration of Pontiac's 50th anniversary in 1976, a number of special edition Grand Prix painted gold were produced. These models featured removable Hurst T-tops, Rally II wheels and other distinctions but were mechanically similar to the regular models.

Grand Prix production set a new record of over 226,000 units during this Bicentennial year, making the GP only second in sales in its market segment to Chevy's Monte Carlo.

===1975===
A revised grille with fewer vertical bars and revised taillight lenses marked the 1975 Grand Prix. Mechanical changes this year included the addition of GM's High Energy electronic ignition and a catalytic coverter that mandated the use of unleaded gasoline. Radial tires became standard on all models.

A new luxury LJ model was added the lineup, positioned between the base Model J and the sporty SJ series. The LJ included pinstriping and a luxurious velour interior trim. Otherwise, interior trim was revised with the real African Crossfire Mahogany trim on the instrument panel replaced by a simulated material though the "real stuff" continued on the door panels and center console. Speedometers were revised with numerals now topping at 100 mph rather than the 120 or 140 mph readings found in previous years and speed readings in kilometers were added.

The addition of the catalytic converter spelled the end of dual exhaust pipes for 1975 and detuning of engines. The 400 in³ V8 (standard on J and LJ models) dropped from 230 to 180 [[HP|hp]] while the 455 in³ V8 (standard on SJ, optional on J and LJ) was detuned from 250 to 200 [[HP|hp]].

===1974===
The 1974 Grand Prix received a revised split grille with vertical bars that was entirely above the bumper. Out back, the boattail effect was softened somewhat thanks to a new federally-mandated 5 mph bumper added to the similar mandated front bumper introduced in 1973. The license plate and fuel filler were moved above the bumper and taillight lenses were revised.
Interior trim remained virtually unchanged from 1973 with standard seating choices including Strato bucket seats with center console or notchback bench seat with armrest and cloth or Morrokide upholstery. The bucket seats were available with optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support.

Engines were carried over from 1973 including the 400 in³ V8 (standard on the Model J) and 455 in³ V8 (standard on the Model SJ, optional on the Model J). [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission, variable-ratio power steering and power brakes were standard equipment on both models. In addition to the 455 V8, the Model SJ also added a Rally Gauge Cluster, "SJ" identification and a radial-tuned suspension similar to Pontiac's Grand Am. Radial tires were also a new option on the Model J this year.

Sales of Grand Prixs for the 1974 model year dropped from 1973's record of around 150,000 units to just under 100,000 units primarily due to new competition in the intermediate personal-luxury car market from a new upsized Mercury Cougar XR-7 coupe. Still 1974 was the third-best selling year to date for the Pontiac Grand Prix.

===1973===
All [[GM A platform|A-bodies]], including the Grand Prix, were redesigned for 1973. This generation was larger and heavier, due partly to the federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) crash bumpers. Although large V8s were still available, performance was on the decline due to another federal standard—a new emissions control system. The most notable styling feature of this generation was the appearance of the fixed opera window, replacing the previous disappearing rear side glass. This year's Grand Prix switched from pillarless hardtop design to a pillared "Colonnade" hardtop with frameless door glass as did all GM intermediates in response to proposed federal safety standards regarding roll-over protection that would have ultimately spelled the end of pillarless and convertible bodystyles, a mandate that fortunately never materialized. The 1973-77 GM intermediates with their pillared hardtop design were often referred to as "Colonnade hardtop coupes" or "Colonnade hardtop sedans".

Front and rear styling of the 1973 Grand Prix turned out be an evolution of the 1971 to 1972 models with a vertical-bar V-nose grille and single headlamps along with the new federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) front bumper. The rear featured a revised boattail-like trim with square-taillights above the bumper.

Inside, a new instrument panel continued the wraparound cockpit theme of previous models with new African Crossfire Mahogany facing on the dashboard, console and door panels. The Strato bucket seats were completely new with higher seatbacks and integrated headrests in Morrokide or scivvy cloth trims, and optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support, with a notchback bench seat offered as a no-cost option.

The standard drivetrain consisted of the four-barrel 400 in³ V8 rated at 230 [[HP|hp]] and the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission. Also standard were power steering and power brakes. A four-barrel 455 in³ V8 was optional and included with the "SJ" option that also added a rally gauge cluster and a radial tuned suspension with front and rear sway bars, Pliacell shock absorbers and radial-ply tires.

===1972===
Minor styling revisions included a new cross-hatch grille up front and triple cluster taillights in back. Inside, the burled-elm trim was replaced by a new teakwood design and upholstery trim patterns for vinyl and cloth selections were revised for both bucket and bench seat offerings. Engine offerings remained the same as before with the major change being the change in [[HP|horsepower]] measurements from the previous gross method on a [[dynamometer]] to the new net ratings as installed in a vehicle with accessories and emission equipment which made the [[HP|horsepower]] ratings of 1972 models much lower "on paper" than their 1971 counterparts though actual performance didn't change much between the two years. Under the new net [[HP|horsepower]] system, the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor was rated at 250 [[HP|hp]] while the optional 455 in³ V8 with four-barrel carb was rated at 300 [[HP|hp]].

At mid-year, Pontiac released a radial tire option for the Grand Prix, which increased the wheel diameter from the standard 14-inch to 15-inchers. The radial donuts, provided by the division's usual tire suppliers, included Firestone 500s and B.F. Goodrich Lifesaver T/As. This was the first time that Pontiac offered a radial tire option which actually became a reality. In 1968, Pontiac announced a radial tire option for the GTO that was quickly discontinued due to production problems.

An all-new Grand Prix was scheduled for 1972. However, a 67-day corporate-wide strike at GM in late 1970 that hobbled the 1971 model introduction set back 1972 model production plans and the new A and G-body cars planned for 1972 were delayed for introduction by one year to the 1973 model year.

===1971===
A new integrated bumper/grille and larger single headlights replacing the quad lights of 1969 to 1970 models marked the introduction of the 1971 Grand Prix along with a new slanted boattail-style rear with taillights built into the bumper. Interior revisions amounted to new trim patterns for cloth and vinyl upholstery patterns for both the bench and bucket seats, but the leather interior option was discontinued.

Engine choices included the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts, rated at 300 [[HP|hp]]; and the optional four-barrel 455 in³ V8 rated at 325 [[HP|hp]]. Both engines received substantially lower compression ratios (8.4 to 1 for 1971 compared to 10.25 to 1 in 1970) as part of a GM-corporate edict that required engines to use lower-octane regular leaded, low lead or unleaded gasoline beginning with the 1971 model year. Transmission offerings initially were carried over from previous years, including the standard three-speed manual, or optional four-speed stick or [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic. However, at mid-year, [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] became standard equipment and the manual shifters were dropped. Variable-ratio power steering was made standard equipment as well. At mid-year, the SJ model received a sealed Delco X battery that no longer needed water refills.

==1962 - 1967==
[[Image:Pontiac-Grand-Prix-'67.jpg|right|thumb|250px|1967 Pontiac Grand Prix convertible. This one year was the only time a convertible was offered.]]
The Grand Prix appeared in the [[Pontiac]] line in 1962. It was essentially a standard [[Pontiac Catalina]] coupe with minimal outside chrome trim and sportier trim (bucket seats and a center console) inside. The performance-minded [[John De Lorean]], head of Advanced Engineering at Pontiac, contributed greatly to the development of both the Grand Prix and the [[Pontiac GTO|GTO]]. Early models had full access to the Pontiac performance option list, including the factory-race [[Pontiac V8 engine#421|Super Duty 421]] powertrain installed in a handful of 1962 and 1963 cars.

The full-size Catalina-based Grand Prix did very well through the 1960s, and is often credited with the move towards minimal exterior trim seen in the 1960s. Yet its clear resemblance to the other full-size Pontiacs caused some to consider it a lesser model than the other personal luxury cars. At the same time, the Grand Prix had a much stronger performance image than its competitors.

For 1963, the Grand Prix received revised sheetmetal shared with other full-size Pontiacs, but with its own squared-off roofline with a concave rear window that contrasted with the convertible-like roofline of the 1962 Grand Prix and continued on the 1963 to 1964 Catalina and Bonneville. Other distinctive styling cues found on Grand Prixs of this era included "hidden" taillight lenses and exclusive grillework up front. Inside, Grand Prixs had luxurious interiors featuring all-vinyl bucket seats separated by a center console with a floor shifter, storage compartment, courtesy light and optional tachometer or vacuum gauge. Starting in 1965, the Grand Prix was offered with a no-cost option bench seat with folding armrest as an alternative to the bucket seats and console.

Standard engines included a 303 [[HP|hp]] 389 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts from 1962 to 1964 and a 325 [[HP|hp]] version of same engine from 1965 to 1966. Optional engines included higher output four-barrel and Tri Power versions of the 389 and larger 421 in³ V8s with up to 376 [[HP|hp]]. In 1967, the 389 was replaced by a 400 in³ V8 rated at 350 [[HP|hp]] as the base engine while the larger 421 was replaced by a 428 in³ V8 with up to 390 [[HP|hp]].

Transmissions included a standard three-speed manual and optional four-speed manual or a [[Hydra-Matic]] transmission. The three-speed Roto Hydra-Matic was offered from 1962 to 1964 and replaced by a new three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic for 1965 and later years.

A two-door hardtop was the sole bodystyle available on the Grand Prix for all years except 1967, when a convertible was also offered as a one-year offering.

==External links==
* [http://www.clubgp.com Club Grand Prix]
* [http://www.gtpworld.com GTP World]
* [http://www.w-body.com/ The W-body Page]
* [http://www.cardomain.com/MakeModel/Pontiac/Grand%20Prix CarDomain: Pontiac Grand Prix] - Pictures of modified Pontiac Grand Prix
* [http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/pontiac-grandprix/pontiac-grandprix-pictures.shtml Muscle Car Club GP Page]
* [http://www.oldride.com/library/pontiac_super_duty.html Pontiac Super Duty Program]
* [http://www.madle.org/epontiac.htm Production numbers for the Pontiac Grand Prix in the 1970s]

[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Pontiac vehicles|Grand Prix]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-size vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]

Pontiac Grand Prix

2006-08-03T20:33:02Z

4.231.59.75: /* 1991 */

[[Image:2006 Pontiac Grand Prix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|2006 Pontiac Grand Prix]]

The '''Pontiac Grand Prix''' is an automobile produced by the [[Pontiac]] division of [[GMC|General Motors Corporation]]. First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size model offering for the 1962 model year, the Grand Prix name has also been applied to cars in the [[personal luxury car]] market segment and the [[mid-size car|mid-size]] offering, slotting below the large [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]] in the company's lineup.
As of mid-model year 2006, the Grand Prix is Pontiac's largest automotive offering in production, superceeding the recently cancelled [[Pontiac Bonneville]] program.

===2004===
The Grand Prix was updated for [[2004]] on a revised version of the [[GM W platform]]. The first 2004 Grand Prix was built on May 5, 2003. A notable addition to the 2006 line is the GXP's [[GM LS engine|small-block]] 5.3 L V8, the Grand Prix's first V8 since 1987. With the closing of the Oshawa plant that produces the car in [[2008]], the Grand Prix will likely end production, and for [[2009]] it will be replaced by the [[GM Zeta platform|Zeta]]-based [[Pontiac G8|G8]].

===1997===
[[Image:Grand Prix Sedan (1997-2003).JPG|250px|right|thumb|1997-2003 Pontiac Grand Prix sedan.]]
In 1997, the [[GM W platform|W-bodies]] got a major redesign. The first 1997 Grand Prix was built on August 12, 1996. Promoted widely for its "wide track" appearance, the second generation W-body Grand Prix sold well. There were 3 trim levels available in 1997; the SE, GT, and GTP. Also beginning in 1997 was the inclusion of a [[supercharger]] for the GTP, boosting power to 240 [[HP|hp]]. The Grand Prix was made in the Fairfax plant in [[Kansas City, Kansas]] until 2003, when production was shifted to [[Oshawa]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. The Fairfax plant was then retooled to build the current [[Chevrolet Malibu]]. The last Grand Prix coupe rolled off the assembly line on July 19, 2002, and the coupe was replaced by the [[Pontiac GTO]] for 2004.

===1996===
3.4L [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] [[V6|V6]] gains 5[[HP|HP]] with intake and exhaust improvements. All Grand Prix coupes get a sport package with five-spoke alloy wheels and dual exhaust. This is the last year for the first-generation W-body Grand Prix.

===1995===
Brake/transmission shift interlock is added. GT coupe dropped in favor of GTP Package. GT sedan continues. Variable-effort steering is added to GTP and GT. New aluminum wheels debut on GT and GTP. Coupes can be equipped with a White Appearance Package, which includes color-keyed alloys and special pinstriping. Floor consoles are redesigned on models with bucket seats.

===1994===
[[Image:Picture261.jpg|250px|right|thumb|1994-1996 Grand Prix with B4U.]]
Grand Prix gets redesigned front/rear fascias and ground effects, as well as a new instrument panel with dual airbags, new gauges, and controls. STE, LE, and GT designations are gone. GT and GTP become option packages on SE coupe. A GT package is available on SE sedan, and includes 3.4 L [[V6|V6]], alloys, low-profile tires, [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]], and sport suspension. Front seatbelts are anchored to pillars instead of doors on sedan; coupe retains door-mounted belts. Twin-cam 3.4 L [[V6|V6]] is up 10 [[HP|hp]]. Five-speed manual and three-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions are dropped in favor of four-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]. Coupes gain standard equipment, including 16-inch alloys, cruise, and leather-wrapped steering wheel with integral radio controls. A completely new 160 [[HP|hp]] 3.1 L [[V6|V6]], Gen III, replaces old 3.1 L [[V6|V6]].

===1991===
In 1991, the [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] models were dropped in favor of a new GTP model. This included the new 3.4 L [[GM 60-Degree V6 engine#LQ1|Twin Dual Cam]] engine along with all available options and a modified version of the B4M body package. It had 210 hp with the standard 5-speed manual and 200 hp with the optional 4-speed automatic. The 2.3L Quad-4 engine was dropped this year, leaving the 140 hp 3.1 V6 as the standard engine. The composite headlights were replaced with mini-quads and the package was renamed B4U. An SE sedan also became available that year.

===1990===
In 1990, the base model was dropped in favor of a sedan version, entering production on September 12, 1989. The new Grand Prix STE (Special Touring Edition) had special seats, audio systems, and Driver Information Centers. The seats were 8-way pneumatic with adjustable lumbar supports. The audio systems were 8-speaker with full graphic equalizer and a "gain" slider to control bass. The Driver Information Centers were quite a step up from the more basic ones available in the SE and [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]]. In addition to the basic information that the SE LCD counterparts displayed, the STE [[vacuum fluorescent display]] DICs had a full light and door monitor with icons for all the major vehicle systems. The STE also had a front and rear lightbar in addition to a trunk-panel. A [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] STE was also available for this year.

===1989===
In 1989, air conditioning became standard on all models, and a 3.1 L [[fuel injection|multi-port fuel injected]] [[V6|V6]] replaced the 2.8 L engine. Another model designation to appear in 1989 was the '''[[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Grand Prix'''. This version started as an SE minus three available options: leather seats, a sunroof, and in 1990, a [[CD player]]. These were shipped to [[McLaren Cars|McLaren]]/[[American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to get a "B4M" body kit with special molding and hood louvers, and a modified 3.1 L [[V6|V6]] with a [[Garrett]] T-25 [[turbocharger]] and [[intercooler]]. The [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] also included a full-analog instrument cluster that would soon become the base of the 1990–1993 sport cluster.

===1988===
The first [[front-wheel drive]] [[GM W platform|W-body]] Grand Prix coupe was built on January 12, 1988. This generation Grand Prix was built in [[Kansas City, Kansas]]. Three model designations were available: base, LE, and SE. The Grand Prix LE had standard air conditioning, power windows, and power locks. SE models got the 2.8 L [[V6|V6]] engine along with other amenities, such as "AQ9" 14-way pneumatic power seats, a driver information computer in the center console, and a sport gauge cluster. The Grand Prix was ''[[Motor Trend]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1988.

===1982-1987===
When most A-bodies were moved to a new [[front-wheel drive]] platform in 1982, the Grand Prix remained on the same [[rear-wheel drive]] platform, now under the name "[[GM G platform (RWD)|G-body]]". The Grand Prix remained as a coupe, with its sedan version being the short-lived mid-size [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]]. The Bonneville went back to full-size on the [[GM H platform]] in 1987, and the Grand Prix continued as a rear wheel drive vehicle until that year.

===1984===
New grille inserts and minor revisions to the tail section marked the 1984 Grand Prix. The base and Brougham models continued as before but the LJ was replaced by a new LE model. Same engines continued as before including the Buick 3.8 liter (231 cu.-in.) [[V6|V6]], Chevy 5.0 liter (305 cu.-in.) V8 and Olds 5.7 liter (350 cu.-in.) Diesel V8. A new option this year was the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic 200-4R four-speed overdrive [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] available with the 305 V8 for improved highway gas mileage.

===1983===
No appearance changes for the 1983 GP. Only significant change to note was the 252 [[V6|V6]] was discontinued and the gas-powered V8 returned after a one-year absence in the form of a 150 [[HP|horsepower]] Chevy 305.
should remake this car like ford dide the mustang

===1982===
The 1982 Grand Prix was a virtual re-run of the 1981 model with no appearance changes to note. No gasoline-powered V8 engines were offered this year, leaving only the standard 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]], a larger Buick 252 cubic-inch [[V6|V6]] and the Olds 350 Diesel V8.

===1981===
A minor reskinning of the sheetmetal for improved aerdynamics marked the 1981 Grand Prix along with a new grille design and revised tail section. The sporty SJ model was dropped and a new ultra-luxurious Brougham series was now the flagship of the Grand Prix line featuring a plush cloth interior similar to the full-sized Bonneville Brougham and standard power windows and other amenities. The base and LJ models continued as before. All models now came standard with the Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] with the 265 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 available as an extra cost option (Chevy 305 V8 in California). The 301 V8 was discontinued and a new option this year was the Oldsmobile-built 350 cubic-inch Diesel V8, which was not often ordered due to high cost of around $700 and poor reliability. The year 1981 was also the last for Pontiac Motor Division to offer its own V8 engine due to an emerging GM corporate engine policy that determined Pontiac would build only four-cylinder engines and Buick only [[V6|V6]] engines, leaving [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and Oldsmobile to build V8 engines for most GM cars and trucks, while Cadillac would produce its own aluminum-block V8 that debuted in 1982. From 1982-on, all V8-equipped Pontiacs were equipped with [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] or Olds engines.

===1980===
The 1980 Grand Prix returned to a vertical bar grille and featured new taillight lenses with "GP" logos. [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] transmission was standard equipment on all models and the two-barrel 301 Pontiac V8 was replaced by a new 265 cubic-inch V8 rated at 125 [[HP|hp]]. The Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] and the four-barrel version of the Pontiac 301 V8 were carried over from the previous year as was the Chevy 305 V8 offered in California.

===1979===
A new crosshatch grille and revised taillight lenses were the only appearance changes made to the 1979 Grand Prix. The same models, base, LJ and SJ continued as before as did the basic engine lineup including the 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]] standard on base and LJ models, the 135-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 with two-barrel carburetor that was optional on both of those models, and the 150-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetion that was standard on the SJ and optional on the other models. Transmissions remained the same as before with the three-speed manual standard with the [[V6|V6]] engine on the base model and [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission optional. The [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission was standard on LJ and SJ models and all models when a V8 engine was ordered. Again, the Pontiac V8s were not available in California, where they were replaced by Chevy 305s rated at 140 and 160 [[HP|hp]].
A new and one-year-only option this year was a four-speed manual transmission available with the 301 four-barrel V8 on all models.

===1978===
1978 brought a downsizing of the Grand Prix and the other [[GM A platform|A-bodies]]. This version of the A-body also received some sheetmetal revisions in 1981. The 1978 GP was about a foot shorter and 600 pounds lighter than the 1977 model with an overall length of 200 inches and a 108-inch wheelbase.

For the first time in Grand Prix history, a V8 engine was not standard equipment. In order to meet Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) mandates set after 1973-74 energy crisis, a Buick-built 231 in³ [[V6|V6]] was standard equipment on the base model (formerly the Model J) and two versions of the Pontiac 301 in³ V8 (Chevy 305 V8 in California) were optional. The luxury LJ model came standard with the 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with two-barrel carburetor while the sporty SJ was powered by a 150 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetor.
A floor-mounted three-speed manual transmission was standard equipment with the [[V6|V6]] on the base model and the three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] was optional. [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic was standard on LJ and SJ models and base models with either of the optional V8 engines.
Standard seating choices by model included a notchback bench seat with cloth or Morrokide vinyl in the base GP, a pillowed velour cloth notchback bench seat in the LJ or Strato bucket seats in cloth or Morrokide in the SJ. The Strato buckets were optional on the base GP and a 60/40 split bench was optional on both base and LJ models. Viscount leather upholstery was available with bucket seats on SJ models.

[[Steve McQueen|Steve McQueen's]] final film, ''[[The Hunter (film)|The Hunter]]'' (1980), featured a 1979 Trans Am which was carjacked by a fleeing felon.

===1977===
Revised grille work with fewer vertical bars, a stand-up hood ornament and revised taillight lenses with "GP" logos highlighted the 1977 Grand Prix, which was the final year for the 1973-vintage bodyshell which was set to be replaced by a downsized GP for 1978. The same three models (J, LJ and SJ) were carried over with engine revisions. The base Model J got Pontiac's new 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 in³ V8 as standard equipment, which was a bit too small and underpowered to propel a 4,000-pound car. Optional engines included a 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 or 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8; those two engines standard on the LJ and SJ models, respectively.

Each of those engines were Pontiac-built units as in previous years, but offered in 49 of the 50 states. Due to the fact that Pontiac's own V8 engines could not meet the more stringent California emission standards set for 1977, all Grand Prixs (and other Pontiac models) sold in California were powered by Oldsmobile-built engines including Lansing's 350 in³ Rocket V8 for J and LJ, and the 403 in³ Rocket V8 standard on the SJ and optional on the other two [[Navigation System|GPs]] in California. Due to a shortage of Olds 350 engines resulting from record sales of Cutlasses and reduced production of that engine due to a plant conversion to build a Diesel V8 beginning in 1978, a few '77 Grand Prixs destined for California reportedly came off the line with a [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]-built 350 in³ V8.

Grand Prix sales soared to an all-time high of over 270,000 units for 1977, the last year for this bodystyle, despite competition from a newly-downsized and lower-priced Ford Thunderbird introduced this year and a restyled Mercury Cougar XR-7 whose bodyshell switched to the T-Bird this year from the discontinued Ford Torino/Mercury Montego.

===1970===
Vertical grille inserts replacing the horizontal bars of the 1969, movement of "Grand Prix" nameplates from the lower cowls to the rear C-pillars and the vertical hashmarks from the C-pillars down to the lower cowls. The optional 428 in³ V8 rated at 370 and 390 [[HP|hp]] in 1969 was replaced by a new 370 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8. Interior trim also received minor revisions, and a bench seat with center armrest returned as a no-cost option to the standard Strato bucket seats and console. Bench seat-equipped Grand Prixs got a steering column-mounted shifter with the [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission along with a dashboard-mounted glovebox, replacing the console-mounted shifter and glovebox of bucket-seat cars. Power front [[4-wheel disc brakes|disc brakes]] became standard equipment this year.

===1969===
For 1969, DeLorean's team introduced all-new Grand Prix based on a slightly stretched version of the intermediate [[GM A platform]]. This smaller, lighter car at last had its own body, and brought a new level style and luxury into the intermediate class. It also refocused attention on performance, with increased installation percentages for [[manual transmission]]s and engine options up to the 390 [[HP|hp]] (290 kW) ''[[Pontiac V8 engine#428|428 HO]]''. It was both a marketing and an engineering landmark, being hailed at the time as "an Eldorado for the masses" and also in retrospect as the first successful downsizing of an American car.

Inside, the 1969 Grand Prix featured a sporty and luxurious interior with a wraparound cockpit-style instrument panel that placed virtually all controls and gauges within easy reach of the driver. The "Strato" bucket seats were separated by a console slanted toward the driver which included the customary floor shifter, storage compartment and ashtray, integrated into the instrument panel. Upholstery choices included standard all-vinyl or cloth and vinyl or an extra-cost leather trim.

Innovations introduced on the 1969 Grand Prix included a concealed radio antenna, which amounted to two wires in the windshield; an optional built-in rear window defogger and side-impact beams inside the doors.

The 1969 Grand Prix also created a new market segment—the intermediate personal luxury car with sales ending up at over 112,000 units, well above the 32,000 full-sized Grand Prixs built in 1968. The similar [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] followed the next year. [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Chrysler Corporation|Chrysler]] responded by producing plusher versions of their [[Ford Torino]] and [[Dodge Charger (B-body)|Dodge Charger]] intermediates, but both eventually created new models to enter the battle—the [[Ford Elite]] and [[Mercury Cougar XR-7]] in 1974 and [[Chrysler Cordoba]] in 1975.

The basic 1969 bodyshell continued until the 1972 model year with a major facelift in 1971 but only minor detail revisions in 1970 and 1972.

===1976===
A new split vertical bar "waterfall" grille and quad rectangular headlights in front and revised taillight lenses out back highlighted the 1976 Grand Prix. The same three model designations continued (J, LJ and SJ) with the LJ and SJ offering the same trim and equipment levels as in 1975 with the exception being the SJ downgraded to a standard 400 in³ V8.

The base Model J underwent a number of content changes to cut the base price by around $500 to be more competitive with other mid-sized personal luxury cars. Those changes for the "J" included a smaller 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 as the base powerplant and some downgrading of interior trim that included a new notchback bench seat made standard equipment and the Strato bucket seats/console moved to the "option" list. Also, custom features such as a cushioned steering wheel and custom pedal trim plates were moved to the option list on Model J, but remained standard on LJ and SJ, both of which also continued to include Strato bucket seats as standard equipment. All models got a new simulated rosewood trim for the dash, door panels and console (with bucket seats) that replaced the African Crossfire Mahogany trim of previous years. Upholstery choices included cloth or Morrokide vinyl bench or bucket seats on the Model J, velour buckets on the LJ or Morrokide buckets on the SJ. Leather interior trim was a new extra-cost option available with the Strato bucket seats and LJ and SJ models.
Both the "LJ" and "SJ" models came standard with a 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8 that was optional on the Model J. The 200 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8 was optional on all models.
In celebration of Pontiac's 50th anniversary in 1976, a number of special edition Grand Prix painted gold were produced. These models featured removable Hurst T-tops, Rally II wheels and other distinctions but were mechanically similar to the regular models.

Grand Prix production set a new record of over 226,000 units during this Bicentennial year, making the GP only second in sales in its market segment to Chevy's Monte Carlo.

===1975===
A revised grille with fewer vertical bars and revised taillight lenses marked the 1975 Grand Prix. Mechanical changes this year included the addition of GM's High Energy electronic ignition and a catalytic coverter that mandated the use of unleaded gasoline. Radial tires became standard on all models.

A new luxury LJ model was added the lineup, positioned between the base Model J and the sporty SJ series. The LJ included pinstriping and a luxurious velour interior trim. Otherwise, interior trim was revised with the real African Crossfire Mahogany trim on the instrument panel replaced by a simulated material though the "real stuff" continued on the door panels and center console. Speedometers were revised with numerals now topping at 100 mph rather than the 120 or 140 mph readings found in previous years and speed readings in kilometers were added.

The addition of the catalytic converter spelled the end of dual exhaust pipes for 1975 and detuning of engines. The 400 in³ V8 (standard on J and LJ models) dropped from 230 to 180 [[HP|hp]] while the 455 in³ V8 (standard on SJ, optional on J and LJ) was detuned from 250 to 200 [[HP|hp]].

===1974===
The 1974 Grand Prix received a revised split grille with vertical bars that was entirely above the bumper. Out back, the boattail effect was softened somewhat thanks to a new federally-mandated 5 mph bumper added to the similar mandated front bumper introduced in 1973. The license plate and fuel filler were moved above the bumper and taillight lenses were revised.
Interior trim remained virtually unchanged from 1973 with standard seating choices including Strato bucket seats with center console or notchback bench seat with armrest and cloth or Morrokide upholstery. The bucket seats were available with optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support.

Engines were carried over from 1973 including the 400 in³ V8 (standard on the Model J) and 455 in³ V8 (standard on the Model SJ, optional on the Model J). [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission, variable-ratio power steering and power brakes were standard equipment on both models. In addition to the 455 V8, the Model SJ also added a Rally Gauge Cluster, "SJ" identification and a radial-tuned suspension similar to Pontiac's Grand Am. Radial tires were also a new option on the Model J this year.

Sales of Grand Prixs for the 1974 model year dropped from 1973's record of around 150,000 units to just under 100,000 units primarily due to new competition in the intermediate personal-luxury car market from a new upsized Mercury Cougar XR-7 coupe. Still 1974 was the third-best selling year to date for the Pontiac Grand Prix.

===1973===
All [[GM A platform|A-bodies]], including the Grand Prix, were redesigned for 1973. This generation was larger and heavier, due partly to the federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) crash bumpers. Although large V8s were still available, performance was on the decline due to another federal standard—a new emissions control system. The most notable styling feature of this generation was the appearance of the fixed opera window, replacing the previous disappearing rear side glass. This year's Grand Prix switched from pillarless hardtop design to a pillared "Colonnade" hardtop with frameless door glass as did all GM intermediates in response to proposed federal safety standards regarding roll-over protection that would have ultimately spelled the end of pillarless and convertible bodystyles, a mandate that fortunately never materialized. The 1973-77 GM intermediates with their pillared hardtop design were often referred to as "Colonnade hardtop coupes" or "Colonnade hardtop sedans".

Front and rear styling of the 1973 Grand Prix turned out be an evolution of the 1971 to 1972 models with a vertical-bar V-nose grille and single headlamps along with the new federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) front bumper. The rear featured a revised boattail-like trim with square-taillights above the bumper.

Inside, a new instrument panel continued the wraparound cockpit theme of previous models with new African Crossfire Mahogany facing on the dashboard, console and door panels. The Strato bucket seats were completely new with higher seatbacks and integrated headrests in Morrokide or scivvy cloth trims, and optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support, with a notchback bench seat offered as a no-cost option.

The standard drivetrain consisted of the four-barrel 400 in³ V8 rated at 230 [[HP|hp]] and the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission. Also standard were power steering and power brakes. A four-barrel 455 in³ V8 was optional and included with the "SJ" option that also added a rally gauge cluster and a radial tuned suspension with front and rear sway bars, Pliacell shock absorbers and radial-ply tires.

===1972===
Minor styling revisions included a new cross-hatch grille up front and triple cluster taillights in back. Inside, the burled-elm trim was replaced by a new teakwood design and upholstery trim patterns for vinyl and cloth selections were revised for both bucket and bench seat offerings. Engine offerings remained the same as before with the major change being the change in [[HP|horsepower]] measurements from the previous gross method on a [[dynamometer]] to the new net ratings as installed in a vehicle with accessories and emission equipment which made the [[HP|horsepower]] ratings of 1972 models much lower "on paper" than their 1971 counterparts though actual performance didn't change much between the two years. Under the new net [[HP|horsepower]] system, the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor was rated at 250 [[HP|hp]] while the optional 455 in³ V8 with four-barrel carb was rated at 300 [[HP|hp]].

At mid-year, Pontiac released a radial tire option for the Grand Prix, which increased the wheel diameter from the standard 14-inch to 15-inchers. The radial donuts, provided by the division's usual tire suppliers, included Firestone 500s and B.F. Goodrich Lifesaver T/As. This was the first time that Pontiac offered a radial tire option which actually became a reality. In 1968, Pontiac announced a radial tire option for the GTO that was quickly discontinued due to production problems.

An all-new Grand Prix was scheduled for 1972. However, a 67-day corporate-wide strike at GM in late 1970 that hobbled the 1971 model introduction set back 1972 model production plans and the new A and G-body cars planned for 1972 were delayed for introduction by one year to the 1973 model year.

===1971===
A new integrated bumper/grille and larger single headlights replacing the quad lights of 1969 to 1970 models marked the introduction of the 1971 Grand Prix along with a new slanted boattail-style rear with taillights built into the bumper. Interior revisions amounted to new trim patterns for cloth and vinyl upholstery patterns for both the bench and bucket seats, but the leather interior option was discontinued.

Engine choices included the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts, rated at 300 [[HP|hp]]; and the optional four-barrel 455 in³ V8 rated at 325 [[HP|hp]]. Both engines received substantially lower compression ratios (8.4 to 1 for 1971 compared to 10.25 to 1 in 1970) as part of a GM-corporate edict that required engines to use lower-octane regular leaded, low lead or unleaded gasoline beginning with the 1971 model year. Transmission offerings initially were carried over from previous years, including the standard three-speed manual, or optional four-speed stick or [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic. However, at mid-year, [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] became standard equipment and the manual shifters were dropped. Variable-ratio power steering was made standard equipment as well. At mid-year, the SJ model received a sealed Delco X battery that no longer needed water refills.

==1962 - 1967==
[[Image:Pontiac-Grand-Prix-'67.jpg|right|thumb|250px|1967 Pontiac Grand Prix convertible. This one year was the only time a convertible was offered.]]
The Grand Prix appeared in the [[Pontiac]] line in 1962. It was essentially a standard [[Pontiac Catalina]] coupe with minimal outside chrome trim and sportier trim (bucket seats and a center console) inside. The performance-minded [[John De Lorean]], head of Advanced Engineering at Pontiac, contributed greatly to the development of both the Grand Prix and the [[Pontiac GTO|GTO]]. Early models had full access to the Pontiac performance option list, including the factory-race [[Pontiac V8 engine#421|Super Duty 421]] powertrain installed in a handful of 1962 and 1963 cars.

The full-size Catalina-based Grand Prix did very well through the 1960s, and is often credited with the move towards minimal exterior trim seen in the 1960s. Yet its clear resemblance to the other full-size Pontiacs caused some to consider it a lesser model than the other personal luxury cars. At the same time, the Grand Prix had a much stronger performance image than its competitors.

For 1963, the Grand Prix received revised sheetmetal shared with other full-size Pontiacs, but with its own squared-off roofline with a concave rear window that contrasted with the convertible-like roofline of the 1962 Grand Prix and continued on the 1963 to 1964 Catalina and Bonneville. Other distinctive styling cues found on Grand Prixs of this era included "hidden" taillight lenses and exclusive grillework up front. Inside, Grand Prixs had luxurious interiors featuring all-vinyl bucket seats separated by a center console with a floor shifter, storage compartment, courtesy light and optional tachometer or vacuum gauge. Starting in 1965, the Grand Prix was offered with a no-cost option bench seat with folding armrest as an alternative to the bucket seats and console.

Standard engines included a 303 [[HP|hp]] 389 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts from 1962 to 1964 and a 325 [[HP|hp]] version of same engine from 1965 to 1966. Optional engines included higher output four-barrel and Tri Power versions of the 389 and larger 421 in³ V8s with up to 376 [[HP|hp]]. In 1967, the 389 was replaced by a 400 in³ V8 rated at 350 [[HP|hp]] as the base engine while the larger 421 was replaced by a 428 in³ V8 with up to 390 [[HP|hp]].

Transmissions included a standard three-speed manual and optional four-speed manual or a [[Hydra-Matic]] transmission. The three-speed Roto Hydra-Matic was offered from 1962 to 1964 and replaced by a new three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic for 1965 and later years.

A two-door hardtop was the sole bodystyle available on the Grand Prix for all years except 1967, when a convertible was also offered as a one-year offering.

==External links==
* [http://www.clubgp.com Club Grand Prix]
* [http://www.gtpworld.com GTP World]
* [http://www.w-body.com/ The W-body Page]
* [http://www.cardomain.com/MakeModel/Pontiac/Grand%20Prix CarDomain: Pontiac Grand Prix] - Pictures of modified Pontiac Grand Prix
* [http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/pontiac-grandprix/pontiac-grandprix-pictures.shtml Muscle Car Club GP Page]
* [http://www.oldride.com/library/pontiac_super_duty.html Pontiac Super Duty Program]
* [http://www.madle.org/epontiac.htm Production numbers for the Pontiac Grand Prix in the 1970s]

[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Pontiac vehicles|Grand Prix]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-size vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]

Pontiac Grand Prix

2006-08-03T20:29:16Z

4.231.59.75: /* 1996 */

[[Image:2006 Pontiac Grand Prix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|2006 Pontiac Grand Prix]]

The '''Pontiac Grand Prix''' is an automobile produced by the [[Pontiac]] division of [[GMC|General Motors Corporation]]. First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size model offering for the 1962 model year, the Grand Prix name has also been applied to cars in the [[personal luxury car]] market segment and the [[mid-size car|mid-size]] offering, slotting below the large [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]] in the company's lineup.
As of mid-model year 2006, the Grand Prix is Pontiac's largest automotive offering in production, superceeding the recently cancelled [[Pontiac Bonneville]] program.

===2004===
The Grand Prix was updated for [[2004]] on a revised version of the [[GM W platform]]. The first 2004 Grand Prix was built on May 5, 2003. A notable addition to the 2006 line is the GXP's [[GM LS engine|small-block]] 5.3 L V8, the Grand Prix's first V8 since 1987. With the closing of the Oshawa plant that produces the car in [[2008]], the Grand Prix will likely end production, and for [[2009]] it will be replaced by the [[GM Zeta platform|Zeta]]-based [[Pontiac G8|G8]].

===1997===
[[Image:Grand Prix Sedan (1997-2003).JPG|250px|right|thumb|1997-2003 Pontiac Grand Prix sedan.]]
In 1997, the [[GM W platform|W-bodies]] got a major redesign. The first 1997 Grand Prix was built on August 12, 1996. Promoted widely for its "wide track" appearance, the second generation W-body Grand Prix sold well. There were 3 trim levels available in 1997; the SE, GT, and GTP. Also beginning in 1997 was the inclusion of a [[supercharger]] for the GTP, boosting power to 240 [[HP|hp]]. The Grand Prix was made in the Fairfax plant in [[Kansas City, Kansas]] until 2003, when production was shifted to [[Oshawa]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. The Fairfax plant was then retooled to build the current [[Chevrolet Malibu]]. The last Grand Prix coupe rolled off the assembly line on July 19, 2002, and the coupe was replaced by the [[Pontiac GTO]] for 2004.

===1996===
3.4L [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] [[V6|V6]] gains 5[[HP|HP]] with intake and exhaust improvements. All Grand Prix coupes get a sport package with five-spoke alloy wheels and dual exhaust. This is the last year for the first-generation W-body Grand Prix.

===1995===
Brake/transmission shift interlock is added. GT coupe dropped in favor of GTP Package. GT sedan continues. Variable-effort steering is added to GTP and GT. New aluminum wheels debut on GT and GTP. Coupes can be equipped with a White Appearance Package, which includes color-keyed alloys and special pinstriping. Floor consoles are redesigned on models with bucket seats.

===1994===
[[Image:Picture261.jpg|250px|right|thumb|1994-1996 Grand Prix with B4U.]]
Grand Prix gets redesigned front/rear fascias and ground effects, as well as a new instrument panel with dual airbags, new gauges, and controls. STE, LE, and GT designations are gone. GT and GTP become option packages on SE coupe. A GT package is available on SE sedan, and includes 3.4 L [[V6|V6]], alloys, low-profile tires, [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]], and sport suspension. Front seatbelts are anchored to pillars instead of doors on sedan; coupe retains door-mounted belts. Twin-cam 3.4 L [[V6|V6]] is up 10 [[HP|hp]]. Five-speed manual and three-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions are dropped in favor of four-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]. Coupes gain standard equipment, including 16-inch alloys, cruise, and leather-wrapped steering wheel with integral radio controls. A completely new 160 [[HP|hp]] 3.1 L [[V6|V6]], Gen III, replaces old 3.1 L [[V6|V6]].

===1991===
In 1991, the [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] models were dropped in favor of a new GTP model. This included the new 3.4 L [[GM 60-Degree V6 engine#LQ1|Twin Dual Cam]] engine along with all available options and a modified version of the B4M body package. The composite headlights were replaced with mini-quads and the package was renamed B4U. An SE sedan also became available that year.

===1990===
In 1990, the base model was dropped in favor of a sedan version, entering production on September 12, 1989. The new Grand Prix STE (Special Touring Edition) had special seats, audio systems, and Driver Information Centers. The seats were 8-way pneumatic with adjustable lumbar supports. The audio systems were 8-speaker with full graphic equalizer and a "gain" slider to control bass. The Driver Information Centers were quite a step up from the more basic ones available in the SE and [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]]. In addition to the basic information that the SE LCD counterparts displayed, the STE [[vacuum fluorescent display]] DICs had a full light and door monitor with icons for all the major vehicle systems. The STE also had a front and rear lightbar in addition to a trunk-panel. A [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] STE was also available for this year.

===1989===
In 1989, air conditioning became standard on all models, and a 3.1 L [[fuel injection|multi-port fuel injected]] [[V6|V6]] replaced the 2.8 L engine. Another model designation to appear in 1989 was the '''[[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Grand Prix'''. This version started as an SE minus three available options: leather seats, a sunroof, and in 1990, a [[CD player]]. These were shipped to [[McLaren Cars|McLaren]]/[[American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to get a "B4M" body kit with special molding and hood louvers, and a modified 3.1 L [[V6|V6]] with a [[Garrett]] T-25 [[turbocharger]] and [[intercooler]]. The [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] also included a full-analog instrument cluster that would soon become the base of the 1990–1993 sport cluster.

===1988===
The first [[front-wheel drive]] [[GM W platform|W-body]] Grand Prix coupe was built on January 12, 1988. This generation Grand Prix was built in [[Kansas City, Kansas]]. Three model designations were available: base, LE, and SE. The Grand Prix LE had standard air conditioning, power windows, and power locks. SE models got the 2.8 L [[V6|V6]] engine along with other amenities, such as "AQ9" 14-way pneumatic power seats, a driver information computer in the center console, and a sport gauge cluster. The Grand Prix was ''[[Motor Trend]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1988.

===1982-1987===
When most A-bodies were moved to a new [[front-wheel drive]] platform in 1982, the Grand Prix remained on the same [[rear-wheel drive]] platform, now under the name "[[GM G platform (RWD)|G-body]]". The Grand Prix remained as a coupe, with its sedan version being the short-lived mid-size [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]]. The Bonneville went back to full-size on the [[GM H platform]] in 1987, and the Grand Prix continued as a rear wheel drive vehicle until that year.

===1984===
New grille inserts and minor revisions to the tail section marked the 1984 Grand Prix. The base and Brougham models continued as before but the LJ was replaced by a new LE model. Same engines continued as before including the Buick 3.8 liter (231 cu.-in.) [[V6|V6]], Chevy 5.0 liter (305 cu.-in.) V8 and Olds 5.7 liter (350 cu.-in.) Diesel V8. A new option this year was the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic 200-4R four-speed overdrive [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] available with the 305 V8 for improved highway gas mileage.

===1983===
No appearance changes for the 1983 GP. Only significant change to note was the 252 [[V6|V6]] was discontinued and the gas-powered V8 returned after a one-year absence in the form of a 150 [[HP|horsepower]] Chevy 305.
should remake this car like ford dide the mustang

===1982===
The 1982 Grand Prix was a virtual re-run of the 1981 model with no appearance changes to note. No gasoline-powered V8 engines were offered this year, leaving only the standard 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]], a larger Buick 252 cubic-inch [[V6|V6]] and the Olds 350 Diesel V8.

===1981===
A minor reskinning of the sheetmetal for improved aerdynamics marked the 1981 Grand Prix along with a new grille design and revised tail section. The sporty SJ model was dropped and a new ultra-luxurious Brougham series was now the flagship of the Grand Prix line featuring a plush cloth interior similar to the full-sized Bonneville Brougham and standard power windows and other amenities. The base and LJ models continued as before. All models now came standard with the Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] with the 265 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 available as an extra cost option (Chevy 305 V8 in California). The 301 V8 was discontinued and a new option this year was the Oldsmobile-built 350 cubic-inch Diesel V8, which was not often ordered due to high cost of around $700 and poor reliability. The year 1981 was also the last for Pontiac Motor Division to offer its own V8 engine due to an emerging GM corporate engine policy that determined Pontiac would build only four-cylinder engines and Buick only [[V6|V6]] engines, leaving [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and Oldsmobile to build V8 engines for most GM cars and trucks, while Cadillac would produce its own aluminum-block V8 that debuted in 1982. From 1982-on, all V8-equipped Pontiacs were equipped with [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] or Olds engines.

===1980===
The 1980 Grand Prix returned to a vertical bar grille and featured new taillight lenses with "GP" logos. [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] transmission was standard equipment on all models and the two-barrel 301 Pontiac V8 was replaced by a new 265 cubic-inch V8 rated at 125 [[HP|hp]]. The Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] and the four-barrel version of the Pontiac 301 V8 were carried over from the previous year as was the Chevy 305 V8 offered in California.

===1979===
A new crosshatch grille and revised taillight lenses were the only appearance changes made to the 1979 Grand Prix. The same models, base, LJ and SJ continued as before as did the basic engine lineup including the 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]] standard on base and LJ models, the 135-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 with two-barrel carburetor that was optional on both of those models, and the 150-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetion that was standard on the SJ and optional on the other models. Transmissions remained the same as before with the three-speed manual standard with the [[V6|V6]] engine on the base model and [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission optional. The [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission was standard on LJ and SJ models and all models when a V8 engine was ordered. Again, the Pontiac V8s were not available in California, where they were replaced by Chevy 305s rated at 140 and 160 [[HP|hp]].
A new and one-year-only option this year was a four-speed manual transmission available with the 301 four-barrel V8 on all models.

===1978===
1978 brought a downsizing of the Grand Prix and the other [[GM A platform|A-bodies]]. This version of the A-body also received some sheetmetal revisions in 1981. The 1978 GP was about a foot shorter and 600 pounds lighter than the 1977 model with an overall length of 200 inches and a 108-inch wheelbase.

For the first time in Grand Prix history, a V8 engine was not standard equipment. In order to meet Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) mandates set after 1973-74 energy crisis, a Buick-built 231 in³ [[V6|V6]] was standard equipment on the base model (formerly the Model J) and two versions of the Pontiac 301 in³ V8 (Chevy 305 V8 in California) were optional. The luxury LJ model came standard with the 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with two-barrel carburetor while the sporty SJ was powered by a 150 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetor.
A floor-mounted three-speed manual transmission was standard equipment with the [[V6|V6]] on the base model and the three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] was optional. [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic was standard on LJ and SJ models and base models with either of the optional V8 engines.
Standard seating choices by model included a notchback bench seat with cloth or Morrokide vinyl in the base GP, a pillowed velour cloth notchback bench seat in the LJ or Strato bucket seats in cloth or Morrokide in the SJ. The Strato buckets were optional on the base GP and a 60/40 split bench was optional on both base and LJ models. Viscount leather upholstery was available with bucket seats on SJ models.

[[Steve McQueen|Steve McQueen's]] final film, ''[[The Hunter (film)|The Hunter]]'' (1980), featured a 1979 Trans Am which was carjacked by a fleeing felon.

===1977===
Revised grille work with fewer vertical bars, a stand-up hood ornament and revised taillight lenses with "GP" logos highlighted the 1977 Grand Prix, which was the final year for the 1973-vintage bodyshell which was set to be replaced by a downsized GP for 1978. The same three models (J, LJ and SJ) were carried over with engine revisions. The base Model J got Pontiac's new 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 in³ V8 as standard equipment, which was a bit too small and underpowered to propel a 4,000-pound car. Optional engines included a 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 or 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8; those two engines standard on the LJ and SJ models, respectively.

Each of those engines were Pontiac-built units as in previous years, but offered in 49 of the 50 states. Due to the fact that Pontiac's own V8 engines could not meet the more stringent California emission standards set for 1977, all Grand Prixs (and other Pontiac models) sold in California were powered by Oldsmobile-built engines including Lansing's 350 in³ Rocket V8 for J and LJ, and the 403 in³ Rocket V8 standard on the SJ and optional on the other two [[Navigation System|GPs]] in California. Due to a shortage of Olds 350 engines resulting from record sales of Cutlasses and reduced production of that engine due to a plant conversion to build a Diesel V8 beginning in 1978, a few '77 Grand Prixs destined for California reportedly came off the line with a [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]-built 350 in³ V8.

Grand Prix sales soared to an all-time high of over 270,000 units for 1977, the last year for this bodystyle, despite competition from a newly-downsized and lower-priced Ford Thunderbird introduced this year and a restyled Mercury Cougar XR-7 whose bodyshell switched to the T-Bird this year from the discontinued Ford Torino/Mercury Montego.

===1970===
Vertical grille inserts replacing the horizontal bars of the 1969, movement of "Grand Prix" nameplates from the lower cowls to the rear C-pillars and the vertical hashmarks from the C-pillars down to the lower cowls. The optional 428 in³ V8 rated at 370 and 390 [[HP|hp]] in 1969 was replaced by a new 370 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8. Interior trim also received minor revisions, and a bench seat with center armrest returned as a no-cost option to the standard Strato bucket seats and console. Bench seat-equipped Grand Prixs got a steering column-mounted shifter with the [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission along with a dashboard-mounted glovebox, replacing the console-mounted shifter and glovebox of bucket-seat cars. Power front [[4-wheel disc brakes|disc brakes]] became standard equipment this year.

===1969===
For 1969, DeLorean's team introduced all-new Grand Prix based on a slightly stretched version of the intermediate [[GM A platform]]. This smaller, lighter car at last had its own body, and brought a new level style and luxury into the intermediate class. It also refocused attention on performance, with increased installation percentages for [[manual transmission]]s and engine options up to the 390 [[HP|hp]] (290 kW) ''[[Pontiac V8 engine#428|428 HO]]''. It was both a marketing and an engineering landmark, being hailed at the time as "an Eldorado for the masses" and also in retrospect as the first successful downsizing of an American car.

Inside, the 1969 Grand Prix featured a sporty and luxurious interior with a wraparound cockpit-style instrument panel that placed virtually all controls and gauges within easy reach of the driver. The "Strato" bucket seats were separated by a console slanted toward the driver which included the customary floor shifter, storage compartment and ashtray, integrated into the instrument panel. Upholstery choices included standard all-vinyl or cloth and vinyl or an extra-cost leather trim.

Innovations introduced on the 1969 Grand Prix included a concealed radio antenna, which amounted to two wires in the windshield; an optional built-in rear window defogger and side-impact beams inside the doors.

The 1969 Grand Prix also created a new market segment—the intermediate personal luxury car with sales ending up at over 112,000 units, well above the 32,000 full-sized Grand Prixs built in 1968. The similar [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] followed the next year. [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Chrysler Corporation|Chrysler]] responded by producing plusher versions of their [[Ford Torino]] and [[Dodge Charger (B-body)|Dodge Charger]] intermediates, but both eventually created new models to enter the battle—the [[Ford Elite]] and [[Mercury Cougar XR-7]] in 1974 and [[Chrysler Cordoba]] in 1975.

The basic 1969 bodyshell continued until the 1972 model year with a major facelift in 1971 but only minor detail revisions in 1970 and 1972.

===1976===
A new split vertical bar "waterfall" grille and quad rectangular headlights in front and revised taillight lenses out back highlighted the 1976 Grand Prix. The same three model designations continued (J, LJ and SJ) with the LJ and SJ offering the same trim and equipment levels as in 1975 with the exception being the SJ downgraded to a standard 400 in³ V8.

The base Model J underwent a number of content changes to cut the base price by around $500 to be more competitive with other mid-sized personal luxury cars. Those changes for the "J" included a smaller 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 as the base powerplant and some downgrading of interior trim that included a new notchback bench seat made standard equipment and the Strato bucket seats/console moved to the "option" list. Also, custom features such as a cushioned steering wheel and custom pedal trim plates were moved to the option list on Model J, but remained standard on LJ and SJ, both of which also continued to include Strato bucket seats as standard equipment. All models got a new simulated rosewood trim for the dash, door panels and console (with bucket seats) that replaced the African Crossfire Mahogany trim of previous years. Upholstery choices included cloth or Morrokide vinyl bench or bucket seats on the Model J, velour buckets on the LJ or Morrokide buckets on the SJ. Leather interior trim was a new extra-cost option available with the Strato bucket seats and LJ and SJ models.
Both the "LJ" and "SJ" models came standard with a 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8 that was optional on the Model J. The 200 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8 was optional on all models.
In celebration of Pontiac's 50th anniversary in 1976, a number of special edition Grand Prix painted gold were produced. These models featured removable Hurst T-tops, Rally II wheels and other distinctions but were mechanically similar to the regular models.

Grand Prix production set a new record of over 226,000 units during this Bicentennial year, making the GP only second in sales in its market segment to Chevy's Monte Carlo.

===1975===
A revised grille with fewer vertical bars and revised taillight lenses marked the 1975 Grand Prix. Mechanical changes this year included the addition of GM's High Energy electronic ignition and a catalytic coverter that mandated the use of unleaded gasoline. Radial tires became standard on all models.

A new luxury LJ model was added the lineup, positioned between the base Model J and the sporty SJ series. The LJ included pinstriping and a luxurious velour interior trim. Otherwise, interior trim was revised with the real African Crossfire Mahogany trim on the instrument panel replaced by a simulated material though the "real stuff" continued on the door panels and center console. Speedometers were revised with numerals now topping at 100 mph rather than the 120 or 140 mph readings found in previous years and speed readings in kilometers were added.

The addition of the catalytic converter spelled the end of dual exhaust pipes for 1975 and detuning of engines. The 400 in³ V8 (standard on J and LJ models) dropped from 230 to 180 [[HP|hp]] while the 455 in³ V8 (standard on SJ, optional on J and LJ) was detuned from 250 to 200 [[HP|hp]].

===1974===
The 1974 Grand Prix received a revised split grille with vertical bars that was entirely above the bumper. Out back, the boattail effect was softened somewhat thanks to a new federally-mandated 5 mph bumper added to the similar mandated front bumper introduced in 1973. The license plate and fuel filler were moved above the bumper and taillight lenses were revised.
Interior trim remained virtually unchanged from 1973 with standard seating choices including Strato bucket seats with center console or notchback bench seat with armrest and cloth or Morrokide upholstery. The bucket seats were available with optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support.

Engines were carried over from 1973 including the 400 in³ V8 (standard on the Model J) and 455 in³ V8 (standard on the Model SJ, optional on the Model J). [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission, variable-ratio power steering and power brakes were standard equipment on both models. In addition to the 455 V8, the Model SJ also added a Rally Gauge Cluster, "SJ" identification and a radial-tuned suspension similar to Pontiac's Grand Am. Radial tires were also a new option on the Model J this year.

Sales of Grand Prixs for the 1974 model year dropped from 1973's record of around 150,000 units to just under 100,000 units primarily due to new competition in the intermediate personal-luxury car market from a new upsized Mercury Cougar XR-7 coupe. Still 1974 was the third-best selling year to date for the Pontiac Grand Prix.

===1973===
All [[GM A platform|A-bodies]], including the Grand Prix, were redesigned for 1973. This generation was larger and heavier, due partly to the federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) crash bumpers. Although large V8s were still available, performance was on the decline due to another federal standard—a new emissions control system. The most notable styling feature of this generation was the appearance of the fixed opera window, replacing the previous disappearing rear side glass. This year's Grand Prix switched from pillarless hardtop design to a pillared "Colonnade" hardtop with frameless door glass as did all GM intermediates in response to proposed federal safety standards regarding roll-over protection that would have ultimately spelled the end of pillarless and convertible bodystyles, a mandate that fortunately never materialized. The 1973-77 GM intermediates with their pillared hardtop design were often referred to as "Colonnade hardtop coupes" or "Colonnade hardtop sedans".

Front and rear styling of the 1973 Grand Prix turned out be an evolution of the 1971 to 1972 models with a vertical-bar V-nose grille and single headlamps along with the new federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) front bumper. The rear featured a revised boattail-like trim with square-taillights above the bumper.

Inside, a new instrument panel continued the wraparound cockpit theme of previous models with new African Crossfire Mahogany facing on the dashboard, console and door panels. The Strato bucket seats were completely new with higher seatbacks and integrated headrests in Morrokide or scivvy cloth trims, and optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support, with a notchback bench seat offered as a no-cost option.

The standard drivetrain consisted of the four-barrel 400 in³ V8 rated at 230 [[HP|hp]] and the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission. Also standard were power steering and power brakes. A four-barrel 455 in³ V8 was optional and included with the "SJ" option that also added a rally gauge cluster and a radial tuned suspension with front and rear sway bars, Pliacell shock absorbers and radial-ply tires.

===1972===
Minor styling revisions included a new cross-hatch grille up front and triple cluster taillights in back. Inside, the burled-elm trim was replaced by a new teakwood design and upholstery trim patterns for vinyl and cloth selections were revised for both bucket and bench seat offerings. Engine offerings remained the same as before with the major change being the change in [[HP|horsepower]] measurements from the previous gross method on a [[dynamometer]] to the new net ratings as installed in a vehicle with accessories and emission equipment which made the [[HP|horsepower]] ratings of 1972 models much lower "on paper" than their 1971 counterparts though actual performance didn't change much between the two years. Under the new net [[HP|horsepower]] system, the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor was rated at 250 [[HP|hp]] while the optional 455 in³ V8 with four-barrel carb was rated at 300 [[HP|hp]].

At mid-year, Pontiac released a radial tire option for the Grand Prix, which increased the wheel diameter from the standard 14-inch to 15-inchers. The radial donuts, provided by the division's usual tire suppliers, included Firestone 500s and B.F. Goodrich Lifesaver T/As. This was the first time that Pontiac offered a radial tire option which actually became a reality. In 1968, Pontiac announced a radial tire option for the GTO that was quickly discontinued due to production problems.

An all-new Grand Prix was scheduled for 1972. However, a 67-day corporate-wide strike at GM in late 1970 that hobbled the 1971 model introduction set back 1972 model production plans and the new A and G-body cars planned for 1972 were delayed for introduction by one year to the 1973 model year.

===1971===
A new integrated bumper/grille and larger single headlights replacing the quad lights of 1969 to 1970 models marked the introduction of the 1971 Grand Prix along with a new slanted boattail-style rear with taillights built into the bumper. Interior revisions amounted to new trim patterns for cloth and vinyl upholstery patterns for both the bench and bucket seats, but the leather interior option was discontinued.

Engine choices included the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts, rated at 300 [[HP|hp]]; and the optional four-barrel 455 in³ V8 rated at 325 [[HP|hp]]. Both engines received substantially lower compression ratios (8.4 to 1 for 1971 compared to 10.25 to 1 in 1970) as part of a GM-corporate edict that required engines to use lower-octane regular leaded, low lead or unleaded gasoline beginning with the 1971 model year. Transmission offerings initially were carried over from previous years, including the standard three-speed manual, or optional four-speed stick or [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic. However, at mid-year, [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] became standard equipment and the manual shifters were dropped. Variable-ratio power steering was made standard equipment as well. At mid-year, the SJ model received a sealed Delco X battery that no longer needed water refills.

==1962 - 1967==
[[Image:Pontiac-Grand-Prix-'67.jpg|right|thumb|250px|1967 Pontiac Grand Prix convertible. This one year was the only time a convertible was offered.]]
The Grand Prix appeared in the [[Pontiac]] line in 1962. It was essentially a standard [[Pontiac Catalina]] coupe with minimal outside chrome trim and sportier trim (bucket seats and a center console) inside. The performance-minded [[John De Lorean]], head of Advanced Engineering at Pontiac, contributed greatly to the development of both the Grand Prix and the [[Pontiac GTO|GTO]]. Early models had full access to the Pontiac performance option list, including the factory-race [[Pontiac V8 engine#421|Super Duty 421]] powertrain installed in a handful of 1962 and 1963 cars.

The full-size Catalina-based Grand Prix did very well through the 1960s, and is often credited with the move towards minimal exterior trim seen in the 1960s. Yet its clear resemblance to the other full-size Pontiacs caused some to consider it a lesser model than the other personal luxury cars. At the same time, the Grand Prix had a much stronger performance image than its competitors.

For 1963, the Grand Prix received revised sheetmetal shared with other full-size Pontiacs, but with its own squared-off roofline with a concave rear window that contrasted with the convertible-like roofline of the 1962 Grand Prix and continued on the 1963 to 1964 Catalina and Bonneville. Other distinctive styling cues found on Grand Prixs of this era included "hidden" taillight lenses and exclusive grillework up front. Inside, Grand Prixs had luxurious interiors featuring all-vinyl bucket seats separated by a center console with a floor shifter, storage compartment, courtesy light and optional tachometer or vacuum gauge. Starting in 1965, the Grand Prix was offered with a no-cost option bench seat with folding armrest as an alternative to the bucket seats and console.

Standard engines included a 303 [[HP|hp]] 389 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts from 1962 to 1964 and a 325 [[HP|hp]] version of same engine from 1965 to 1966. Optional engines included higher output four-barrel and Tri Power versions of the 389 and larger 421 in³ V8s with up to 376 [[HP|hp]]. In 1967, the 389 was replaced by a 400 in³ V8 rated at 350 [[HP|hp]] as the base engine while the larger 421 was replaced by a 428 in³ V8 with up to 390 [[HP|hp]].

Transmissions included a standard three-speed manual and optional four-speed manual or a [[Hydra-Matic]] transmission. The three-speed Roto Hydra-Matic was offered from 1962 to 1964 and replaced by a new three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic for 1965 and later years.

A two-door hardtop was the sole bodystyle available on the Grand Prix for all years except 1967, when a convertible was also offered as a one-year offering.

==External links==
* [http://www.clubgp.com Club Grand Prix]
* [http://www.gtpworld.com GTP World]
* [http://www.w-body.com/ The W-body Page]
* [http://www.cardomain.com/MakeModel/Pontiac/Grand%20Prix CarDomain: Pontiac Grand Prix] - Pictures of modified Pontiac Grand Prix
* [http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/pontiac-grandprix/pontiac-grandprix-pictures.shtml Muscle Car Club GP Page]
* [http://www.oldride.com/library/pontiac_super_duty.html Pontiac Super Duty Program]
* [http://www.madle.org/epontiac.htm Production numbers for the Pontiac Grand Prix in the 1970s]

[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Pontiac vehicles|Grand Prix]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-size vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]

Plymouth Valiant

2006-08-03T20:20:13Z

4.231.59.75: /* 1967-1973 */

The Plymouth Valiant was one of the most popular sedans in the United States for nearly 20 years. Launched as a 1960 model just as Detroit was rediscovering the small car, the Valiant earned a following with its efficient slant-six engine and cool styling. The Valiant went through four generations, spinning off popular variants like the Duster and the Barracuda, before being replaced in 1977 by the Plymouth Volare.

The Valiant was a hit overseas, as well. Plymouth was part of Chrysler back in the early 60s, and the Valiant was actually marketed as the Chrysler Valiant in Australia, South Africa, the UK and New Zealand, lasting until 1981 in those countries.

Thanks to its high volume (4 million sold) and reliable engine, there are still quite a few Valiants on the streets (or at least in the driveways) today.

[[Image:valiant-1963.jpg|frame|'''1963 Plymouth Valiant - The Prince of Cars''']]

===Gas Mileage===
EPA estimates [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/bymodel/2006_Honda_Accord.shtml].
* 4 Cylinder: 24/34
* 6 Cylinder: 20/29
* [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]]: 25/34

===Photos===
[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnTimelineTable.html Virtual-Museum's Valiant Timetable] has lots of photo links

[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnShowcase.html Virtual-Museum's collection of Valiant owner photos]

[http://www.valiant.org/images/images.html Valiant.org] has a ton of photos

===Main Competitors===
Detroit had produced few and lackluster compact cars during the 1950s, but Chevy, Ford and Chrysler all decided to turn that around at the same time. Chevy came out with the Corvair, Ford the Falcon (the original name for the Valiant!) and Plymouth (Chrysler) the Valiant. The Valiant was generally considered the most stylish of the three models, and it offered more overall space and better engine performance.

==Unique Attributes==
===Slant 6 Engine===
The Valiant's Slant 6 engine was shared with some other Chrysler-Plymouth models -- most notably, the Dodge Dart -- and its reputation for reliability gave the Valiant an advantage over other compact sedans. While the Slant 6 gets its name from the 30-degree tilt of its cylinders, it was excellent engineering behind the entire engine that made it more durable. The engine also earned a reputation for performance -- helped by early NASCAR victories -- although the competition caught up more quickly on that front.

===Styling===
The first Valiant made a big splash in large part because of its distinctive styling. Chrysler design chief Virgil Exner gave the Valiant a sporty but not muscle-car look that appealed to male and female shoppers alike, although even a Plymouth dealer at the time said it was a look "that took some getting used to". One owner reminisced about her beloved "Cricket" -- probably referring to the angled lines sculpted onto the front and rear fenders of the Valiant's first generation, as well as to the light-green color available on the 1960 model (although the Chrysler engineers preferred to call it "Kitchen Green"). Another signature feature was what owners affectionately called the "Toilet Seat", a raised circle on the back hood that made it look like there was a [http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/images/gallery/1960/pvvm_1960-valiant-100-4d-sedan__02.jpg spare tire] just underneath (there wasn't).

Ensuing generations of the core Valiant were not as radically different from the competition; beginnning in 1964, corporate's design creativity went more into trims and spinoffs like the Duster, Scamp and the Barracuda, each of which made a splash of its own thanks to distinctive styling.

==Criticisms==
Criticisms of the Plymouth Valiant are hard to come by now amid the nostalgia evoked by the car -- but here are a few:
* Neglect. Capitalizing on the Valiant's initial success, Chrysler focused style and feature innovations on spinoff models like the Duster and Barracuda, allowing the "traditional" 100, 200 and Signet trims to languish or disappear. While this approach made some marketing sense, it also made for many years of ho-hum Valiant trims. As the Honda Accord and Toyota have proven in the 30 years since the Valiant died, it is in fact possible to keep sales of core models strong over a long period of time by doing more convincing redesigns and adapting to changing consumer needs.

==1960==
The first '''Valiant''' appeared in 1959 as a 1960 model, and it wasn't a Plymouth, it was a stand-alone brand -- advertised as the "Valiant by Chrysler Corp". Chrysler, like GM and Ford, had been neglecting the small-car market for years, and all three companies invested heavily in new models for 1960. GM's entry was the Chevy Corvair, Ford's the Ford Falcon.

The Valiant was less mechanically radical than the Corvair, which had an [[air-cooled]] rear-mounted engine. It was considered more daring than the also-new [[Ford Falcon]], however. The Falcon was totally conventional, while the Valiant boasted fairly radical styling and a new engine configuration, the famous [[Slant-6]] engine, which had its cylinders inline but canted 30° to one side. This allowed a lower hoodline, a shorter overall engine (the water pump was now mounted alongside instead of up front), and efficient, long-branch individual-runner intake and exhaust manifolds. The 170 in³ engine gained a reputation for durability and dependability, partly due to the fact that the engine design was specifically engineered to support either an aluminum or a cast-iron block. Somewhat more than 50,000 die-cast aluminum versions of the larger 225 in³ version of the engine were produced between late 1961 and early 1963. With a "Hyper-Pak" dealer tuning kit, the Valiants were sigificantly faster and quicker than any of their competitors. Even European imports and V8 models were trounced by the Valiants at [[NASCAR]]'s inaugral compact stock-car race at Daytona (FL). The eight Valiants entered in this race in 1960 placed 1st through 8th; after a repeat performance in 1961, NASCAR quietly cancelled the series.

For [[1961]], the Valiant was assigned to [[Plymouth automobile|Plymouth]], while [[Dodge]]'s 1961 version was called the [[Dodge Lancer|Lancer]]. The first generation Valiant and Lancer rode on a 106.5 in (2705 mm) wheelbase.The 1960 Valiant was also a Chrysler Engineering exhibition of their leadership in aluminum die-casting. While the aluminum [[slant-6]] engine block wouldn't make it to production until 1961, the 1960 oil pump, water pump, new alternator, intake manifold, [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission case and extension, and a myriad small parts were all made of aluminum.

Chrysler marketed Valiants at both Dodge and Plymouth dealers in [[Canada]] from [[1960]] to [[1966]] as a stand alone product. The [[1960]] to [[1962]] Canadian Valiants were substantially similar to the American-made cars, except the trunklid had a '''by Chrysler''' instead of a '''Plymouth''' badge. There were minor differences in interior and exterior trim, and the [[alternator]] that had made its much-ballyhooed industry debut as standard equipment on the American-market 1960 Valiant remained an extra-cost option in Canada through 1962. A carburetor anti-frost system, engine block heater, battery warmer, electric car interior heater and other cold-climate items were available as factory and/or dealer-installed options, while air conditioning, which was first offered in the US 1961 models, was not made available North of the border until 1966. Some Canadian-made Auto-Lite (now [[Prestolite]]) electrical components were used in lieu of the Chrysler-built components installed on American-built cars. Chrysler Canada's Windsor, Ontario plant was also the source for left- and right-hand-drive export Valiants.

In 1961, Plymouth offered a "Dixie Special" version of the Valiant, "painted Confederate Gray metallic and sporting a symbol on the door commemorating the War Between the States", according to the [http://www.plymouthbulletin.com Plymouth Bulletin].

==1963-1966==
The Valiant was totally reskinned for 1963, with a ½ in (12.7 mm) shorter 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase. The Valiant was successful, and as was the usual Detroit practice, several different models were spun off it. The Dodge Lancer, which had appeared in 1961, was discontinued, and the Valiant's new Dodge counterpart became the '''[[Dodge Dart|Dart]]''', the name of which was recycled for the A-body platform. With this redesign, and it rode on a longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase. The '''[[Plymouth Barracuda]]''', considered by some to be the first [[pony car]], was built off the Valiant platform in 1964. This generation featured a station wagon version, but this bodystyle was not continued in 1967. Also manufactured for the 1963 through 1966 model years was a five passenger convertible.

For [[1963]], the Canadian Valiant used the Dodge Dart body with a Valiant front clip. This continued for [[1964]]. For [[1965]], Chrysler Canada sold both the 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase Valiant and the 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase Dart as Valiants, with all using the Dart dashboard. For 1966 the Valiant was based on the Dart. With the coming of the US-Canada auto trade agreement in 1965, Chrysler could ship cars and parts both ways over the border and in 1967 began importing Plymouth Valiants and Dodge Darts from Detroit.

The Barracuda was built in Canada in 1964 and 1965 and imported for 1966. But it was sold as a Valiant, not Plymouth. The imported 1966 Barracuda did not have Plymouth nameplates on the trunk as the American market version did. The 1965 Barracuda also used the Dart dashboard.

==1967-1973==
The Valiant reached its greatest heights after a total redesign in 1967, with the wheelbase now 108 in (2743 mm). The station wagon model was dropped, leaving only the 2 and 4-door sedans. This generation acquired an excellent mechanical reputation and produced such hot-selling variants as the 1970-1976 '''[[Plymouth Duster|Plymouth Valiant Duster]]'''/'''Dodge Dart Swinger''', 1971-1976 '''Plymouth Scamp''' and 1971-1972 '''Dodge Demon'''. There was a '''Dodge Demon''' for 1971 and 1972, and a '''Dodge Dart Sport''' from 1973 to 1976. Chrysler's ponycars, the [[Dodge Challenger]] and [[Plymouth Barracuda]], used a modified version of the Valiant architecture.

With these cars Chrysler took 40% of the total American compact market in the early 1970s. They also enjoyed considerable success in foreign markets, where they were often assembled by Chrysler affiliates or subsidiaries. 1970 was also the first year that the successful 340 in³ V8 engine would be installed in a Valiant-badged car (the Duster 340). 1970 was the only year that the Duster was called the "Valiant Duster" - in 1971 it became simply Duster.

The Valiant would also achieve worldwide movie fame in the 1971 road rage thriller ''[[Duel (movie)|Duel]]'', directed by the then unknown [[Steven Spielberg]]. A 1970 Plymouth Valiant was also featured prominently in [[Howard Stern]]'s autobiographical 1997 movie [[Private Parts]].

Engine choices for the 1967 Valiant consisted of the 170, 198 and 225 cid Slant-6s, and the 273 V8 in 2 or 4bbl guise. In 1968 the 273 was replaced by the 318 2bbl, and remained available until the car's end in 1976. In 1970 the 170 was dropped, leaving the 198 as the base engine but found in very few examples (the 225 was a far more popular choice).

===Australian Valiants; a different path emerges===
It was also on this platform that the Australian Valiants began differing from their US counterparts, particularly with the VE series of 1967, the VF series of 1969 and the VG of 1970 (which featured the introduction of the HEMI 6), where the four-door sedan had a different, though related, bodyshell, more like the Dodge Dart of the time. Unlike the U.S., station-wagon and pick-up versions were also available, which were indigenous to Australia.

The Valiant VE was ''[[Wheels magazine|Wheels]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1967.

==1971 - 1973==
The American Valiants were little changed for 1971 and 1972. There were minor engineering changes for convenience, driveability and compliance with emission regulations. Taillamps, exterior and interior trim were revised. An aggressive "shark tooth" grille was offered on the fastback Duster 340 and new-for-1971 Duster Twister models.

For 1973, all Valiant and Duster models were given a new grille that would carry through to the end of production in 1976. Front bumpers able to withstand without damage a 5mph impact were mandated by US Federal law; the resultant bumpers were much more massive than the 1972 and earlier items; their added mass and the heavier impact-absorbing telescopic mounts increased the Valiant's front-end weight.

==1974-1976==
The Valiant was facelifted again in 1974 with the primary goal of cost-reduction; the sedan was transferred to the Dart's longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase such that the only differences between the Valiant and Dart were minor cosmetics. 1973's US Federal bumper standards requiring front bumpers to survive a 5mph impact were extended to rear bumpers for 1974. As a result, Valiant rear bumpers and their new impact-absorbing mount systems grew much more massive and heavier.

1974 also saw the introduction of the '''Valiant [[Brougham]]''' and its twin, the '''Dodge Dart Special Edition'''. Available with two or four doors, they were a compact luxury version of the Valiant/Dart and were designed to provide an attractive oil-crisis alternative to larger luxury cars. Plymouth's [[coupé]] version was oddly badged as simply the Plymouth Brougham, although the very similar sedans carried the Valiant name. There had been no two-door equivalent to the Valiant sedan since 1969; the Duster and the Scamp taking over that market segment. Apparently neither of those names were considered upmarket enough for a luxury offering, so no model name was used.

These cars were differentiated from the regular Valiant and Dart by generous chrome trim, a vinyl top, shag carpet, interior door padding, and a scripted "Brougham" logo ("Special Edition" on the Darts). Color-keyed wheelcovers and a special, limited selection of paint/vinyl combinations also characterized the upmarket models. Power steering, power brakes, and [[TorqueFlite]] [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions were standard; engine options were the 225 in³ [[Slant-6]] (3.7 L) and the 318 in³ (5.2 L) 2-barrel carbureted small-block V8. The Brougham/SE cars were available to the end of Valiant and Dart production.

1975 models were carryovers from 1974 in virtually every respect, except that California and certain high-altitude models received [[catalytic converter]]s and required [[unleaded gasoline]]. The grille of the Plymouth models was restyled somewhat.

In 1976, the somewhat larger F-body cars were introduced as [[Plymouth Volare|Plymouth Volaré]] and [[Dodge Aspen]]. Unfortunately, these did not maintain their predecessors' reputation for quality; in fact, they reversed it. These replaced the Valiant (and Dart) which were discontinued in the middle of the 1976 model year. The change hurt Chrysler's reputation and profitability, contributing to its near-bankruptcy in 1979-80. 1976 Plymouth derivates of the Valiant can be identified by amber parking lights between the headlights; previous models used clear lenses with amber colored bulbs (GE #1157NA).

==Australia (1971–81)==
{{main articles|[[Chrysler Valiant]] and [[Valiant Charger]]}}
While generally following the progress of the American Valiant throughout the 1960s, Chrysler Australia became increasingly dissatified with the car's styling direction, which was becoming more box-like with each facelift. The result was that for the 1970s, [[Chrysler Australia]] developed the whole car locally, particularly from the 1971 VH model. Production continued through the CM model (released in 1979) which production ended in 1981.

==Design quirks and oddities==
At launch, the Valiant's exterior design was notable for what it didn't have: fins. Detroit had been slapping fins on cars throughout the 1950s, and, at least in retrospect, observers felt that car-buyers were "finned out".

Under the hood, the big news was a new engine configuration, the famous Slant-6, whose cylinders were inline but tilted 30 degrees. This allowed a lower hoodline and a shorter overall engine that also became known for durability.

==References==
*''Motor Vehicle Data Book'', Sanford-Evans Communications, Ltd., Winnipeg, MB : Published annually, 1948 to date
*''Valiant'' sales literature, Chrysler Canada Limited, 1960 to 1966.

==External links==
*[http://www.valiant.org/ Valiant enthusiast page]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/index.html Valiant virtual museum]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnFamous.html Valiant Appearances in TV and Movies]
*[http://www.jeffjack.com/scamp/index.htm Plymouth Scamp page]
*[http://www.plymouthbulletin.com/ Plymouth Bulletin]
*[http://www.allpar.com/squads/police-cars/valiant.html Allpar Blotter on the Valiant's Popularity as a Police Car]

{{Plymouth}}

[[Category:Compact cars]]
[[Category:Plymouth vehicles|Valiant]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Valiant vehicles]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:Station wagons]]
[[Category:1960s automobiles]]
[[Category:1970s automobiles]]

[[sv:Plymouth Valiant]]

Plymouth Valiant

2006-08-03T20:06:43Z

4.231.59.75: /* 1967-1973 */

The Plymouth Valiant was one of the most popular sedans in the United States for nearly 20 years. Launched as a 1960 model just as Detroit was rediscovering the small car, the Valiant earned a following with its efficient slant-six engine and cool styling. The Valiant went through four generations, spinning off popular variants like the Duster and the Barracuda, before being replaced in 1977 by the Plymouth Volare.

The Valiant was a hit overseas, as well. Plymouth was part of Chrysler back in the early 60s, and the Valiant was actually marketed as the Chrysler Valiant in Australia, South Africa, the UK and New Zealand, lasting until 1981 in those countries.

Thanks to its high volume (4 million sold) and reliable engine, there are still quite a few Valiants on the streets (or at least in the driveways) today.

[[Image:valiant-1963.jpg|frame|'''1963 Plymouth Valiant - The Prince of Cars''']]

===Gas Mileage===
EPA estimates [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/bymodel/2006_Honda_Accord.shtml].
* 4 Cylinder: 24/34
* 6 Cylinder: 20/29
* [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]]: 25/34

===Photos===
[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnTimelineTable.html Virtual-Museum's Valiant Timetable] has lots of photo links

[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnShowcase.html Virtual-Museum's collection of Valiant owner photos]

[http://www.valiant.org/images/images.html Valiant.org] has a ton of photos

===Main Competitors===
Detroit had produced few and lackluster compact cars during the 1950s, but Chevy, Ford and Chrysler all decided to turn that around at the same time. Chevy came out with the Corvair, Ford the Falcon (the original name for the Valiant!) and Plymouth (Chrysler) the Valiant. The Valiant was generally considered the most stylish of the three models, and it offered more overall space and better engine performance.

==Unique Attributes==
===Slant 6 Engine===
The Valiant's Slant 6 engine was shared with some other Chrysler-Plymouth models -- most notably, the Dodge Dart -- and its reputation for reliability gave the Valiant an advantage over other compact sedans. While the Slant 6 gets its name from the 30-degree tilt of its cylinders, it was excellent engineering behind the entire engine that made it more durable. The engine also earned a reputation for performance -- helped by early NASCAR victories -- although the competition caught up more quickly on that front.

===Styling===
The first Valiant made a big splash in large part because of its distinctive styling. Chrysler design chief Virgil Exner gave the Valiant a sporty but not muscle-car look that appealed to male and female shoppers alike, although even a Plymouth dealer at the time said it was a look "that took some getting used to". One owner reminisced about her beloved "Cricket" -- probably referring to the angled lines sculpted onto the front and rear fenders of the Valiant's first generation, as well as to the light-green color available on the 1960 model (although the Chrysler engineers preferred to call it "Kitchen Green"). Another signature feature was what owners affectionately called the "Toilet Seat", a raised circle on the back hood that made it look like there was a [http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/images/gallery/1960/pvvm_1960-valiant-100-4d-sedan__02.jpg spare tire] just underneath (there wasn't).

Ensuing generations of the core Valiant were not as radically different from the competition; beginnning in 1964, corporate's design creativity went more into trims and spinoffs like the Duster, Scamp and the Barracuda, each of which made a splash of its own thanks to distinctive styling.

==Criticisms==
Criticisms of the Plymouth Valiant are hard to come by now amid the nostalgia evoked by the car -- but here are a few:
* Neglect. Capitalizing on the Valiant's initial success, Chrysler focused style and feature innovations on spinoff models like the Duster and Barracuda, allowing the "traditional" 100, 200 and Signet trims to languish or disappear. While this approach made some marketing sense, it also made for many years of ho-hum Valiant trims. As the Honda Accord and Toyota have proven in the 30 years since the Valiant died, it is in fact possible to keep sales of core models strong over a long period of time by doing more convincing redesigns and adapting to changing consumer needs.

==1960==
The first '''Valiant''' appeared in 1959 as a 1960 model, and it wasn't a Plymouth, it was a stand-alone brand -- advertised as the "Valiant by Chrysler Corp". Chrysler, like GM and Ford, had been neglecting the small-car market for years, and all three companies invested heavily in new models for 1960. GM's entry was the Chevy Corvair, Ford's the Ford Falcon.

The Valiant was less mechanically radical than the Corvair, which had an [[air-cooled]] rear-mounted engine. It was considered more daring than the also-new [[Ford Falcon]], however. The Falcon was totally conventional, while the Valiant boasted fairly radical styling and a new engine configuration, the famous [[Slant-6]] engine, which had its cylinders inline but canted 30° to one side. This allowed a lower hoodline, a shorter overall engine (the water pump was now mounted alongside instead of up front), and efficient, long-branch individual-runner intake and exhaust manifolds. The 170 in³ engine gained a reputation for durability and dependability, partly due to the fact that the engine design was specifically engineered to support either an aluminum or a cast-iron block. Somewhat more than 50,000 die-cast aluminum versions of the larger 225 in³ version of the engine were produced between late 1961 and early 1963. With a "Hyper-Pak" dealer tuning kit, the Valiants were sigificantly faster and quicker than any of their competitors. Even European imports and V8 models were trounced by the Valiants at [[NASCAR]]'s inaugral compact stock-car race at Daytona (FL). The eight Valiants entered in this race in 1960 placed 1st through 8th; after a repeat performance in 1961, NASCAR quietly cancelled the series.

For [[1961]], the Valiant was assigned to [[Plymouth automobile|Plymouth]], while [[Dodge]]'s 1961 version was called the [[Dodge Lancer|Lancer]]. The first generation Valiant and Lancer rode on a 106.5 in (2705 mm) wheelbase.The 1960 Valiant was also a Chrysler Engineering exhibition of their leadership in aluminum die-casting. While the aluminum [[slant-6]] engine block wouldn't make it to production until 1961, the 1960 oil pump, water pump, new alternator, intake manifold, [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission case and extension, and a myriad small parts were all made of aluminum.

Chrysler marketed Valiants at both Dodge and Plymouth dealers in [[Canada]] from [[1960]] to [[1966]] as a stand alone product. The [[1960]] to [[1962]] Canadian Valiants were substantially similar to the American-made cars, except the trunklid had a '''by Chrysler''' instead of a '''Plymouth''' badge. There were minor differences in interior and exterior trim, and the [[alternator]] that had made its much-ballyhooed industry debut as standard equipment on the American-market 1960 Valiant remained an extra-cost option in Canada through 1962. A carburetor anti-frost system, engine block heater, battery warmer, electric car interior heater and other cold-climate items were available as factory and/or dealer-installed options, while air conditioning, which was first offered in the US 1961 models, was not made available North of the border until 1966. Some Canadian-made Auto-Lite (now [[Prestolite]]) electrical components were used in lieu of the Chrysler-built components installed on American-built cars. Chrysler Canada's Windsor, Ontario plant was also the source for left- and right-hand-drive export Valiants.

In 1961, Plymouth offered a "Dixie Special" version of the Valiant, "painted Confederate Gray metallic and sporting a symbol on the door commemorating the War Between the States", according to the [http://www.plymouthbulletin.com Plymouth Bulletin].

==1963-1966==
The Valiant was totally reskinned for 1963, with a ½ in (12.7 mm) shorter 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase. The Valiant was successful, and as was the usual Detroit practice, several different models were spun off it. The Dodge Lancer, which had appeared in 1961, was discontinued, and the Valiant's new Dodge counterpart became the '''[[Dodge Dart|Dart]]''', the name of which was recycled for the A-body platform. With this redesign, and it rode on a longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase. The '''[[Plymouth Barracuda]]''', considered by some to be the first [[pony car]], was built off the Valiant platform in 1964. This generation featured a station wagon version, but this bodystyle was not continued in 1967. Also manufactured for the 1963 through 1966 model years was a five passenger convertible.

For [[1963]], the Canadian Valiant used the Dodge Dart body with a Valiant front clip. This continued for [[1964]]. For [[1965]], Chrysler Canada sold both the 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase Valiant and the 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase Dart as Valiants, with all using the Dart dashboard. For 1966 the Valiant was based on the Dart. With the coming of the US-Canada auto trade agreement in 1965, Chrysler could ship cars and parts both ways over the border and in 1967 began importing Plymouth Valiants and Dodge Darts from Detroit.

The Barracuda was built in Canada in 1964 and 1965 and imported for 1966. But it was sold as a Valiant, not Plymouth. The imported 1966 Barracuda did not have Plymouth nameplates on the trunk as the American market version did. The 1965 Barracuda also used the Dart dashboard.

==1967-1973==
The Valiant reached its greatest heights after a total redesign in 1967, with the wheelbase now 108 in (2743 mm). This generation acquired an excellent mechanical reputation and produced such hot-selling variants as the 1970-1976 '''[[Plymouth Duster|Plymouth Valiant Duster]]'''/'''Dodge Dart Swinger''', 1971-1976 '''Plymouth Scamp''' and 1971-1972 '''Dodge Demon'''. There was a '''Dodge Demon''' for 1971 and 1972, and a '''Dodge Dart Sport''' from 1973 to 1976. Chrysler's ponycars, the [[Dodge Challenger]] and [[Plymouth Barracuda]], used a modified version of the Valiant architecture.

With these cars Chrysler took 40% of the total American compact market in the early 1970s. They also enjoyed considerable success in foreign markets, where they were often assembled by Chrysler affiliates or subsidiaries. 1970 was also the first year that the successful 340 in³ V8 engine would be installed in a Valiant-badged car (the Duster 340). 1970 was the only year that the Duster was called the "Valiant Duster" - in 1971 it became simply Duster.

The Valiant would also achieve worldwide movie fame in the 1971 road rage thriller ''[[Duel (movie)|Duel]]'', directed by the then unknown [[Steven Spielberg]]. A 1970 Plymouth Valiant was also featured prominently in [[Howard Stern]]'s autobiographical 1997 movie [[Private Parts]].

Engine choices for the 1967 Valiant consisted of the 170, 198 and 225 cid Slant-6s, and the 273 V8 in 2 or 4bbl guise. In 1968 the 273 was replaced by the 318 2bbl, and remained available until the car's end in 1976. In 1970 the 170 was dropped, leaving the 198 as the base engine but found in very few examples (the 225 was a far more popular choice).

===Australian Valiants; a different path emerges===
It was also on this platform that the Australian Valiants began differing from their US counterparts, particularly with the VE series of 1967, the VF series of 1969 and the VG of 1970 (which featured the introduction of the HEMI 6), where the four-door sedan had a different, though related, bodyshell, more like the Dodge Dart of the time. Unlike the U.S., station-wagon and pick-up versions were also available, which were indigenous to Australia.

The Valiant VE was ''[[Wheels magazine|Wheels]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1967.

==1971 - 1973==
The American Valiants were little changed for 1971 and 1972. There were minor engineering changes for convenience, driveability and compliance with emission regulations. Taillamps, exterior and interior trim were revised. An aggressive "shark tooth" grille was offered on the fastback Duster 340 and new-for-1971 Duster Twister models.

For 1973, all Valiant and Duster models were given a new grille that would carry through to the end of production in 1976. Front bumpers able to withstand without damage a 5mph impact were mandated by US Federal law; the resultant bumpers were much more massive than the 1972 and earlier items; their added mass and the heavier impact-absorbing telescopic mounts increased the Valiant's front-end weight.

==1974-1976==
The Valiant was facelifted again in 1974 with the primary goal of cost-reduction; the sedan was transferred to the Dart's longer 111 in (2819 mm) wheelbase such that the only differences between the Valiant and Dart were minor cosmetics. 1973's US Federal bumper standards requiring front bumpers to survive a 5mph impact were extended to rear bumpers for 1974. As a result, Valiant rear bumpers and their new impact-absorbing mount systems grew much more massive and heavier.

1974 also saw the introduction of the '''Valiant [[Brougham]]''' and its twin, the '''Dodge Dart Special Edition'''. Available with two or four doors, they were a compact luxury version of the Valiant/Dart and were designed to provide an attractive oil-crisis alternative to larger luxury cars. Plymouth's [[coupé]] version was oddly badged as simply the Plymouth Brougham, although the very similar sedans carried the Valiant name. There had been no two-door equivalent to the Valiant sedan since 1969; the Duster and the Scamp taking over that market segment. Apparently neither of those names were considered upmarket enough for a luxury offering, so no model name was used.

These cars were differentiated from the regular Valiant and Dart by generous chrome trim, a vinyl top, shag carpet, interior door padding, and a scripted "Brougham" logo ("Special Edition" on the Darts). Color-keyed wheelcovers and a special, limited selection of paint/vinyl combinations also characterized the upmarket models. Power steering, power brakes, and [[TorqueFlite]] [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions were standard; engine options were the 225 in³ [[Slant-6]] (3.7 L) and the 318 in³ (5.2 L) 2-barrel carbureted small-block V8. The Brougham/SE cars were available to the end of Valiant and Dart production.

1975 models were carryovers from 1974 in virtually every respect, except that California and certain high-altitude models received [[catalytic converter]]s and required [[unleaded gasoline]]. The grille of the Plymouth models was restyled somewhat.

In 1976, the somewhat larger F-body cars were introduced as [[Plymouth Volare|Plymouth Volaré]] and [[Dodge Aspen]]. Unfortunately, these did not maintain their predecessors' reputation for quality; in fact, they reversed it. These replaced the Valiant (and Dart) which were discontinued in the middle of the 1976 model year. The change hurt Chrysler's reputation and profitability, contributing to its near-bankruptcy in 1979-80. 1976 Plymouth derivates of the Valiant can be identified by amber parking lights between the headlights; previous models used clear lenses with amber colored bulbs (GE #1157NA).

==Australia (1971–81)==
{{main articles|[[Chrysler Valiant]] and [[Valiant Charger]]}}
While generally following the progress of the American Valiant throughout the 1960s, Chrysler Australia became increasingly dissatified with the car's styling direction, which was becoming more box-like with each facelift. The result was that for the 1970s, [[Chrysler Australia]] developed the whole car locally, particularly from the 1971 VH model. Production continued through the CM model (released in 1979) which production ended in 1981.

==Design quirks and oddities==
At launch, the Valiant's exterior design was notable for what it didn't have: fins. Detroit had been slapping fins on cars throughout the 1950s, and, at least in retrospect, observers felt that car-buyers were "finned out".

Under the hood, the big news was a new engine configuration, the famous Slant-6, whose cylinders were inline but tilted 30 degrees. This allowed a lower hoodline and a shorter overall engine that also became known for durability.

==References==
*''Motor Vehicle Data Book'', Sanford-Evans Communications, Ltd., Winnipeg, MB : Published annually, 1948 to date
*''Valiant'' sales literature, Chrysler Canada Limited, 1960 to 1966.

==External links==
*[http://www.valiant.org/ Valiant enthusiast page]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/index.html Valiant virtual museum]
*[http://www.virtual-museum.net/plymouth-valiant/GenEnFamous.html Valiant Appearances in TV and Movies]
*[http://www.jeffjack.com/scamp/index.htm Plymouth Scamp page]
*[http://www.plymouthbulletin.com/ Plymouth Bulletin]
*[http://www.allpar.com/squads/police-cars/valiant.html Allpar Blotter on the Valiant's Popularity as a Police Car]

{{Plymouth}}

[[Category:Compact cars]]
[[Category:Plymouth vehicles|Valiant]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Valiant vehicles]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:Station wagons]]
[[Category:1960s automobiles]]
[[Category:1970s automobiles]]

[[sv:Plymouth Valiant]]

Chevrolet Suburban

2006-08-03T19:34:25Z

4.231.59.75:

[[Image:800px-Gmcsuburban.jpg|right|250px|GMT400 GMC Suburban 1500 with custom wheels]][[Image:SuburbanZ71.jpg|right|250px|GMT800 Chevrolet Suburban with the Z71 group.]][[Image:800px-2007_Chevrolet_Suburban.jpg|right|250px|2007 Chevrolet Suburban]]
The '''[[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] Suburban''' is a large [[sport utility vehicle]] from [[Chevrolet]]. It is one of the longest-lived [[automobile]] nameplates in the United States, dating from 1935.

Many automotive companies in the United States used the "Suburban" name to indicate a windowed, station wagon type body on a commercial frame including [[Dodge]], [[Plymouth]], [[Studebaker]], [[Chevrolet]], and [[GMC]]. With the end of production of the [[Dodge Town Wagon]] in 1966, only [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]] continued to manufacture a vehicle branded as a "Suburban", and they were awarded an exclusive trademark on the name in 1988. The Suburban is one of the largest SUVs on the market; it has three rows of seats and a normal-sized cargo area behind them.

[[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] began production of its all steel "carryall-suburban" in 1935. [[GMC]] brought out its version in 1937. These vehicles were also know as the "Suburban Carryall" until rebranded simply as the "Suburban" in the 1980s with the arrival of the SUV craze.

[[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]] has produced these large [[SUV]]s for both its GMC and [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] marques, but in 2000 the GMC version was renamed the Yukon XL; today the name is limited to vehicles produced under the [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] marque. In 2003 [[Cadillac]] introduced its version of the Suburban, calling it the [[Cadillac Escalade ESV|Escalade ESV]]. Notably, the Escalade ESV can only seat a maximum of 8 people; the [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and GMC models can each seat nine. Shorter versions of these vehicles are sold as the [[Chevrolet Tahoe]], [[GMC Yukon]], and [[Cadillac Escalade]]. Versions with a pickup bed in place of the rear cargo box are sold as the [[Chevrolet Avalanche]] and [[Cadillac Escalade EXT]].

The Suburban of the 1990s and 2000s is a full-size SUV with three rows of seating, a full [[pickup truck]] frame, and [[V8]] engine power. The trucks are popular with large suburban families due to their "go anywhere, haul anything" nature, but have been criticized for their excessive bulk and poor fuel economy.

In recent years, the Suburban has been popular as a police car, fire chief's vehicle, or EMS fly-car. Suburbans are also popular when converted for duty as a limousine.

==GMT800==

As of 2006, [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] sells two models of Suburbans: 1/2 ton and 3/4 ton. On the 1/2 ton model, a customer has a choice of four different trim levels: LS, LT, Z71, and LTZ. The first three offer the [[Vortec|Vortec 5300]] [[V8]] (295 [[HP|hp]] at 5200 rpm and 335 ft·lbf of torque at 4000 rpm). The latter trim choice has a Vortec 6000 V8 (335 [[HP|hp]] at 5200 rpm and 375 ft·lbf of torque at 4000 rpm). On the 3/4 ton model, there are only two trim options, either LS or LT. These both come with a standard Vortec 6000 V8 or an available Vortec 8100 V8 (325 [[HP|hp]] at 4200 rpm and 447 ft·lbf of torque at 3200 rpm). All types of the Suburban can either be [[two-wheel drive|2WD]] or [[four-wheel drive|4WD]], except the LTZ, which is [[Four Wheel Drive|AWD]].

==GMT900==
The 2007 model year Suburban and Yukon XL were unveiled at the 2006 Los Angeles Auto Show in January. Production of the redesigned GMT900 Suburban and Yukon XL began at Janesville Assembly and Silao Assembly in March of 2006, with the vehicles arriving at dealerships in April.

The new models have been redesigned with more modern styling, which has been seen on the already released Tahoes and Yukons. Interior quality has been substantially improved, and the seats have also been redesigned. Leather seating is standard in the LT2, LT3, and LTZ models. The available DVD-player and [[Navigation System|Navigation]] Radio screens have been increased in size, and the overall length of the Suburban has been increased by 2 inches.

==External links==
*[http://www.chevrolet.com/suburban/ The official Chevrolet Suburban website]
*[http://www.GM-Trucks.com GM-Trucks.com]
*[http://www.classictruckshop.com/clubs/earlyburbs/history.htm The History of the Suburban]

{{Chevrolet}}

[[Category:Chevrolet vehicles|Suburban]]
[[Category:Flexible-fuel vehicles]]
[[Category:SUVs]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:1930s automobiles]]
[[Category:1940s automobiles]]
[[Category:1950s automobiles]]
[[Category:1960s automobiles]]
[[Category:1970s automobiles]]
[[Category:1980s automobiles]]
[[Category:1990s automobiles]]
[[Category:2000s automobiles]]