Wikicars - User contributions [en]

Pontiac Grand Prix

2008-10-28T04:19:18Z

68.108.188.210: /* 1989 */

[[Image:G-force1.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Pontiac Grand Prix]]

The '''Pontiac Grand Prix''' is an automobile produced by the [[Pontiac]] division of [[GMC|General Motors Corporation]]. First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size model offering for the 1962 model year, the Grand Prix name has also been applied to cars in the [[personal luxury car]] market segment and the [[mid-size car|mid-size]] offering, slotting below the large [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]] in the company's lineup.
As of mid-model year 2006, the Grand Prix is Pontiac's largest automotive offering in production, superceeding the recently cancelled [[Pontiac Bonneville]] program.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
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{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
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|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
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As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintainence information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===

<gallery>
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
The current version of the Grand Prix comes in many colors.
This year three new colors were introduced. They are Dark Slate Metallic, Dark Mocha Metallic,
and Gold Mist Metallic.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
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{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Front Wheels have trouble putting those 303-horses to the ground

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

===2004===
The Grand Prix was updated for 2004 on a revised version of the [[GM W platform]]. The first 2004 Grand Prix was built on May 5, 2003. A notable addition to the 2006 line is the GXP's [[GM LS engine|small-block]] 5.3 L V8, the Grand Prix's first V8 since 1987. With the closing of the Oshawa plant that produces the car in 2008, the Grand Prix will likely end production, and for 2009 it will be replaced by the [[GM Zeta platform|Zeta]]-based [[Pontiac G8|G8]].

===1997===
[[Image:Grand Prix Sedan (1997-2003).JPG|250px|right|thumb|1997-2003 Pontiac Grand Prix sedan.]]
In 1997, the [[GM W platform|W-bodies]] got a major redesign. The first 1997 Grand Prix was built on August 12, 1996. Promoted widely for its "wide track" appearance, the second generation W-body Grand Prix sold well. There were 3 trim levels available in 1997; the SE, GT, and GTP. Also beginning in 1997 was the inclusion of a [[supercharger]] for the GTP, boosting power to 240 [[HP|hp]]. The Grand Prix was made in the Fairfax plant in Kansas City, Kansas until 2003, when production was shifted to Oshawa, Ontario, Canada. The Fairfax plant was then retooled to build the current [[Chevrolet Malibu]]. The last Grand Prix coupe rolled off the assembly line on July 19, 2002, and the coupe was replaced by the [[Pontiac GTO]] for 2004.

===1996===
3.4L [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] [[V6|V6]] gains 5[[HP|HP]] with intake and exhaust improvements. All Grand Prix coupes get a sport package with five-spoke alloy wheels and dual exhaust. This is the last year for the first-generation W-body Grand Prix.

===1995===
Brake/transmission shift interlock is added. GT coupe dropped in favor of GTP Package. GT sedan continues. Variable-effort steering is added to GTP and GT. New aluminum wheels debut on GT and GTP. Coupes can be equipped with a White Appearance Package, which includes color-keyed alloys and special pinstriping. Floor consoles are redesigned on models with bucket seats.

===1994===
[[Image:Picture261.jpg|250px|right|thumb|1994-1996 Grand Prix with B4U.]]
Grand Prix gets redesigned front/rear fascias and ground effects, as well as a new instrument panel with dual airbags, new gauges, and controls. STE, LE, and GT designations are gone. GT and GTP become option packages on SE coupe. A GT package is available on SE sedan, and includes 3.4 L [[V6|V6]], alloys, low-profile tires, [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]], and sport suspension. Front seatbelts are anchored to pillars instead of doors on sedan; coupe retains door-mounted belts. Twin-cam 3.4 L [[V6|V6]] is up 10 [[HP|hp]]. Five-speed manual and three-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmissions are dropped in favor of four-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]. Coupes gain standard equipment, including 16-inch alloys, cruise, and leather-wrapped steering wheel with integral radio controls. A completely new 160 [[HP|hp]] 3.1 L [[V6|V6]], Gen III, replaces old 3.1 L [[V6|V6]].

===1991===
In 1991, the [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] models were dropped in favor of a new GTP model. This included the new 3.4 L [[GM 60-Degree V6 engine#LQ1|Twin Dual Cam]] engine along with all available options and a modified version of the B4M body package. It had 210 hp with the standard 5-speed manual and 200 hp with the optional 4-speed automatic. The 2.3L Quad-4 engine was dropped this year, leaving the 140 hp 3.1 V6 as the standard engine. The composite headlights were replaced with mini-quads and the package was renamed B4U. An SE sedan also became available that year.

===1990===
In 1990, a 4-door sedan version was available for the first time in the Grand Prix line, entering production on September 12, 1989. LE and SE models were available with the 2.3L Quad 4 and 3.1L V6, either with manual or automatic trannys. The new Grand Prix STE (Special Touring Edition) had special seats, audio systems, and Driver Information Centers. The seats were 8-way pneumatic with adjustable lumbar supports. The audio systems were 8-speaker with full graphic equalizer and a "gain" slider to control bass. The Driver Information Centers were quite a step up from the more basic ones available in the SE and [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]]. In addition to the basic information that the SE LCD counterparts displayed, the STE [[vacuum fluorescent display]] DICs had a full light and door monitor with icons for all the major vehicle systems. The STE also had a front and rear lightbar in addition to a trunk-panel. The Turbo model carried on this year, again available in red or black only. A [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] STE sedan was also available for this year.

===1989===
In 1989, air conditioning became standard on all models, and a 3.1 L [[fuel injection|multi-port fuel injected]] [[V6|V6]] replaced the 2.8 L engine. Another model designation to appear in 1989 was the '''[[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Grand Prix'''. This version started as an SE minus three available options: leather seats, a sunroof, and in 1990, a [[CD player]]. These were shipped to [[McLaren Cars|McLaren]]/[[American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to get a "B4M" body kit with special molding and hood louvers, and a modified 3.1 L [[V6|V6]] with a [[Garrett]] T-25 [[turbocharger]] and [[intercooler]] and available only with a modified THM 440-T4 4-speed automatic transmission. The [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] also included a full-analog instrument cluster that would soon become the base of the 1990–1993 sport cluster.

===1988===
The first [[front-wheel drive]] [[GM W platform|W-body]] Grand Prix coupe was built on January 12, 1988. This generation Grand Prix was built in Kansas City, Kansas. Three model designations were available: base, LE, and SE. The Grand Prix LE had standard air conditioning, power windows, and power locks. SE models got the 2.8 L [[V6|V6]] engine along with other amenities, such as "AQ9" 14-way pneumatic power seats, a driver information computer in the center console, and a sport gauge cluster. The Grand Prix was ''[[Motor Trend]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1988.

===1982-1987===
When most A-bodies were moved to a new [[front-wheel drive]] platform in 1982, the Grand Prix remained on the same [[rear-wheel drive]] platform, now under the name "[[GM G platform (RWD)|G-body]]". The Grand Prix remained as a coupe, with its sedan version being the short-lived mid-size [[Pontiac Bonneville|Bonneville]]. The Bonneville went back to full-size on the [[GM H platform]] in 1987, and the Grand Prix continued as a rear wheel drive vehicle until that year.

===1984===
New grille inserts and minor revisions to the tail section marked the 1984 Grand Prix. The base and Brougham models continued as before but the LJ was replaced by a new LE model. Same engines continued as before including the Buick 3.8 liter (231 cu.-in.) [[V6|V6]], Chevy 5.0 liter (305 cu.-in.) V8 and Olds 5.7 liter (350 cu.-in.) Diesel V8. A new option this year was the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic 200-4R four-speed overdrive [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] available with the 305 V8 for improved highway gas mileage.

===1983===
No appearance changes for the 1983 GP. Only significant change to note was the 4.1L 252 cid [[V6|V6]] was discontinued and the gas-powered V8 returned after a one-year absence in the form of a 150 [[HP|horsepower]] Chevy 305.

===1982===
The 1982 Grand Prix was a virtual re-run of the 1981 model with no appearance changes to note. No gasoline-powered V8 engines were offered this year, leaving only the standard 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]], a larger Buick 252 cubic-inch [[V6|V6]] and the Olds 350 Diesel V8.

===1981===
A minor reskinning of the sheetmetal for improved aerdynamics marked the 1981 Grand Prix along with a new grille design and revised tail section. The sporty SJ model was dropped and a new ultra-luxurious Brougham series was now the flagship of the Grand Prix line featuring a plush cloth interior similar to the full-sized Bonneville Brougham and standard power windows and other amenities. The base and LJ models continued as before. All models now came standard with the Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] with the 265 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 available as an extra cost option (Chevy 305 V8 in California). The 301 V8 was discontinued and a new option this year was the Oldsmobile-built 350 cubic-inch Diesel V8, which was not often ordered due to high cost of around $700 and poor reliability. The year 1981 was also the last for Pontiac Motor Division to offer its own V8 engine due to an emerging GM corporate engine policy that determined Pontiac would build only four-cylinder engines and Buick only [[V6|V6]] engines, leaving [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and Oldsmobile to build V8 engines for most GM cars and trucks, while Cadillac would produce its own aluminum-block V8 that debuted in 1982. From 1982-on, all V8-equipped Pontiacs were equipped with [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] or Olds engines.

===1980===
The 1980 Grand Prix returned to a vertical bar grille and featured new taillight lenses with "GP" logos. [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]] transmission was standard equipment on all models and the two-barrel 301 Pontiac V8 was replaced by a new 265 cubic-inch V8 rated at 125 [[HP|hp]]. The Buick 231 [[V6|V6]] and the four-barrel version of the Pontiac 301 V8 were carried over from the previous year as was the Chevy 305 V8 offered in California.

===1979===
A new crosshatch grille and revised taillight lenses were the only appearance changes made to the 1979 Grand Prix. The same models, base, LJ and SJ continued as before as did the basic engine lineup including the 231 cubic-inch Buick [[V6|V6]] standard on base and LJ models, the 135-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 cubic-inch Pontiac V8 with two-barrel carburetor that was optional on both of those models, and the 150-[[HP|horsepower]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetion that was standard on the SJ and optional on the other models. Transmissions remained the same as before with the three-speed manual standard with the [[V6|V6]] engine on the base model and [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission optional. The [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission was standard on LJ and SJ models and all models when a V8 engine was ordered. Again, the Pontiac V8s were not available in California, where they were replaced by Chevy 305s rated at 140 and 160 [[HP|hp]].
A new and one-year-only option this year was a four-speed manual transmission available with the 301 four-barrel V8 on all models.

===1978===
1978 brought a downsizing of the Grand Prix and the other [[GM A platform|A-bodies]]. This version of the A-body also received some sheetmetal revisions in 1981. The 1978 GP was about a foot shorter and 600 pounds lighter than the 1977 model with an overall length of 200 inches and a 108-inch wheelbase.

For the first time in Grand Prix history, a V8 engine was not standard equipment. In order to meet Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) mandates set after 1973-74 energy crisis, a Buick-built 231 in³ [[V6|V6]] was standard equipment on the base model (formerly the Model J) and two versions of the Pontiac 301 in³ V8 (Chevy 305 V8 in California) were optional. The luxury LJ model came standard with the 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with two-barrel carburetor while the sporty SJ was powered by a 150 [[HP|hp]] 301 V8 with four-barrel carburetor.
A floor-mounted three-speed manual transmission was standard equipment with the [[V6|V6]] on the base model and the three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] was optional. [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic was standard on LJ and SJ models and base models with either of the optional V8 engines.
Standard seating choices by model included a notchback bench seat with cloth or Morrokide vinyl in the base GP, a pillowed velour cloth notchback bench seat in the LJ or Strato bucket seats in cloth or Morrokide in the SJ. The Strato buckets were optional on the base GP and a 60/40 split bench was optional on both base and LJ models. Viscount leather upholstery was available with bucket seats on SJ models.

[[Steve McQueen|Steve McQueen's]] final film, ''The Hunter'' (1980), featured a 1979 Trans Am which was carjacked by a fleeing felon.

===1977===
Revised grille work with fewer vertical bars, a stand-up hood ornament and revised taillight lenses with "GP" logos highlighted the 1977 Grand Prix, which was the final year for the 1973-vintage bodyshell which was set to be replaced by a downsized GP for 1978. The same three models (J, LJ and SJ) were carried over with engine revisions. The base Model J got Pontiac's new 135 [[HP|hp]] 301 in³ V8 as standard equipment, which was a bit too small and underpowered to propel a 4,000-pound car. Optional engines included a 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 or 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8; those two engines standard on the LJ and SJ models, respectively.

Each of those engines were Pontiac-built units as in previous years, but offered in 49 of the 50 states. Due to the fact that Pontiac's own V8 engines could not meet the more stringent California emission standards set for 1977, all Grand Prixs (and other Pontiac models) sold in California were powered by Oldsmobile-built engines including Lansing's 350 in³ Rocket V8 for J and LJ, and the 403 in³ Rocket V8 standard on the SJ and optional on the other two [[Navigation System|GPs]] in California. Due to a shortage of Olds 350 engines resulting from record sales of Cutlasses and reduced production of that engine due to a plant conversion to build a Diesel V8 beginning in 1978, a few '77 Grand Prixs destined for California reportedly came off the line with a [[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]-built 350 in³ V8.

Grand Prix sales soared to an all-time high of over 270,000 units for 1977, the last year for this bodystyle, despite competition from a newly-downsized and lower-priced Ford Thunderbird introduced this year and a restyled Mercury Cougar XR-7 whose bodyshell switched to the T-Bird this year from the discontinued Ford Torino/Mercury Montego.

===1970===
Vertical grille inserts replacing the horizontal bars of the 1969, movement of "Grand Prix" nameplates from the lower cowls to the rear C-pillars and the vertical hashmarks from the C-pillars down to the lower cowls. The optional 428 in³ V8 rated at 370 and 390 [[HP|hp]] in 1969 was replaced by a new 370 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8. Interior trim also received minor revisions, and a bench seat with center armrest returned as a no-cost option to the standard Strato bucket seats and console. Bench seat-equipped Grand Prixs got a steering column-mounted shifter with the [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission along with a dashboard-mounted glovebox, replacing the console-mounted shifter and glovebox of bucket-seat cars. Power front [[4-wheel disc brakes|disc brakes]] became standard equipment this year.

===1969===
For 1969, DeLorean's team introduced all-new Grand Prix based on a slightly stretched version of the intermediate [[GM A platform]]. This smaller, lighter car at last had its own body, and brought a new level style and luxury into the intermediate class. It also refocused attention on performance, with increased installation percentages for [[manual transmission]]s and engine options up to the 390 [[HP|hp]] (290 kW) ''[[Pontiac V8 engine#428|428 HO]]''. It was both a marketing and an engineering landmark, being hailed at the time as "an Eldorado for the masses" and also in retrospect as the first successful downsizing of an American car.

Inside, the 1969 Grand Prix featured a sporty and luxurious interior with a wraparound cockpit-style instrument panel that placed virtually all controls and gauges within easy reach of the driver. The "Strato" bucket seats were separated by a console slanted toward the driver which included the customary floor shifter, storage compartment and ashtray, integrated into the instrument panel. Upholstery choices included standard all-vinyl or cloth and vinyl or an extra-cost leather trim.

Innovations introduced on the 1969 Grand Prix included a concealed radio antenna, which amounted to two wires in the windshield; an optional built-in rear window defogger and side-impact beams inside the doors.

The 1969 Grand Prix also created a new market segment—the intermediate personal luxury car with sales ending up at over 112,000 units, well above the 32,000 full-sized Grand Prixs built in 1968. The similar [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] followed the next year. [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Chrysler Corporation|Chrysler]] responded by producing plusher versions of their [[Ford Torino]] and [[Dodge Charger (B-body)|Dodge Charger]] intermediates, but both eventually created new models to enter the battle—the [[Ford Elite]] and [[Mercury Cougar XR-7]] in 1974 and [[Chrysler Cordoba]] in 1975.

The basic 1969 bodyshell continued until the 1972 model year with a major facelift in 1971 but only minor detail revisions in 1970 and 1972.

===1976===
A new split vertical bar "waterfall" grille and quad rectangular headlights in front and revised taillight lenses out back highlighted the 1976 Grand Prix. The same three model designations continued (J, LJ and SJ) with the LJ and SJ offering the same trim and equipment levels as in 1975 with the exception being the SJ downgraded to a standard 400 in³ V8.

The base Model J underwent a number of content changes to cut the base price by around $500 to be more competitive with other mid-sized personal luxury cars. Those changes for the "J" included a smaller 160 [[HP|hp]] 350 in³ V8 as the base powerplant and some downgrading of interior trim that included a new notchback bench seat made standard equipment and the Strato bucket seats/console moved to the "option" list. Also, custom features such as a cushioned steering wheel and custom pedal trim plates were moved to the option list on Model J, but remained standard on LJ and SJ, both of which also continued to include Strato bucket seats as standard equipment. All models got a new simulated rosewood trim for the dash, door panels and console (with bucket seats) that replaced the African Crossfire Mahogany trim of previous years. Upholstery choices included cloth or Morrokide vinyl bench or bucket seats on the Model J, velour buckets on the LJ or Morrokide buckets on the SJ. Leather interior trim was a new extra-cost option available with the Strato bucket seats and LJ and SJ models.
Both the "LJ" and "SJ" models came standard with a 180 [[HP|hp]] 400 in³ V8 that was optional on the Model J. The 200 [[HP|hp]] 455 in³ V8 was optional on all models.
In celebration of Pontiac's 50th anniversary in 1976, a number of special edition Grand Prix painted gold were produced. These models featured removable Hurst T-tops, Rally II wheels and other distinctions but were mechanically similar to the regular models.

Grand Prix production set a new record of over 226,000 units during this Bicentennial year, making the GP only second in sales in its market segment to Chevy's Monte Carlo.

===1975===
A revised grille with fewer vertical bars and revised taillight lenses marked the 1975 Grand Prix. Mechanical changes this year included the addition of GM's High Energy electronic ignition and a catalytic coverter that mandated the use of unleaded gasoline. Radial tires became standard on all models.

A new luxury LJ model was added the lineup, positioned between the base Model J and the sporty SJ series. The LJ included pinstriping and a luxurious velour interior trim. Otherwise, interior trim was revised with the real African Crossfire Mahogany trim on the instrument panel replaced by a simulated material though the "real stuff" continued on the door panels and center console. Speedometers were revised with numerals now topping at 100 mph rather than the 120 or 140 mph readings found in previous years and speed readings in kilometers were added.

The addition of the catalytic converter spelled the end of dual exhaust pipes for 1975 and detuning of engines. The 400 in³ V8 (standard on J and LJ models) dropped from 230 to 180 [[HP|hp]] while the 455 in³ V8 (standard on SJ, optional on J and LJ) was detuned from 250 to 200 [[HP|hp]].

===1974===
The 1974 Grand Prix received a revised split grille with vertical bars that was entirely above the bumper. Out back, the boattail effect was softened somewhat thanks to a new federally-mandated 5 mph bumper added to the similar mandated front bumper introduced in 1973. The license plate and fuel filler were moved above the bumper and taillight lenses were revised.
Interior trim remained virtually unchanged from 1973 with standard seating choices including Strato bucket seats with center console or notchback bench seat with armrest and cloth or Morrokide upholstery. The bucket seats were available with optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support.

Engines were carried over from 1973 including the 400 in³ V8 (standard on the Model J) and 455 in³ V8 (standard on the Model SJ, optional on the Model J). [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission, variable-ratio power steering and power brakes were standard equipment on both models. In addition to the 455 V8, the Model SJ also added a Rally Gauge Cluster, "SJ" identification and a radial-tuned suspension similar to Pontiac's Grand Am. Radial tires were also a new option on the Model J this year.

Sales of Grand Prixs for the 1974 model year dropped from 1973's record of around 150,000 units to just under 100,000 units primarily due to new competition in the intermediate personal-luxury car market from a new upsized Mercury Cougar XR-7 coupe. Still 1974 was the third-best selling year to date for the Pontiac Grand Prix.

===1973===
All [[GM A platform|A-bodies]], including the Grand Prix, were redesigned for 1973. This generation was larger and heavier, due partly to the federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) crash bumpers. Although large V8s were still available, performance was on the decline due to another federal standard—a new emissions control system. The most notable styling feature of this generation was the appearance of the fixed opera window, replacing the previous disappearing rear side glass. This year's Grand Prix switched from pillarless hardtop design to a pillared "Colonnade" hardtop with frameless door glass as did all GM intermediates in response to proposed federal safety standards regarding roll-over protection that would have ultimately spelled the end of pillarless and convertible bodystyles, a mandate that fortunately never materialized. The 1973-77 GM intermediates with their pillared hardtop design were often referred to as "Colonnade hardtop coupes" or "Colonnade hardtop sedans".

Front and rear styling of the 1973 Grand Prix turned out be an evolution of the 1971 to 1972 models with a vertical-bar V-nose grille and single headlamps along with the new federally-mandated 5 mph (8 km/h) front bumper. The rear featured a revised boattail-like trim with square-taillights above the bumper.

Inside, a new instrument panel continued the wraparound cockpit theme of previous models with new African Crossfire Mahogany facing on the dashboard, console and door panels. The Strato bucket seats were completely new with higher seatbacks and integrated headrests in Morrokide or scivvy cloth trims, and optional recliners and adjustable lumbar support, with a notchback bench seat offered as a no-cost option.

The standard drivetrain consisted of the four-barrel 400 in³ V8 rated at 230 [[HP|hp]] and the [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic transmission. Also standard were power steering and power brakes. A four-barrel 455 in³ V8 was optional and included with the "SJ" option that also added a rally gauge cluster and a radial tuned suspension with front and rear sway bars, Pliacell shock absorbers and radial-ply tires.

===1972===
Minor styling revisions included a new cross-hatch grille up front and triple cluster taillights in back. Inside, the burled-elm trim was replaced by a new teakwood design and upholstery trim patterns for vinyl and cloth selections were revised for both bucket and bench seat offerings. Engine offerings remained the same as before with the major change being the change in [[HP|horsepower]] measurements from the previous gross method on a [[dynamometer]] to the new net ratings as installed in a vehicle with accessories and emission equipment which made the [[HP|horsepower]] ratings of 1972 models much lower "on paper" than their 1971 counterparts though actual performance didn't change much between the two years. Under the new net [[HP|horsepower]] system, the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor was rated at 250 [[HP|hp]] while the optional 455 in³ V8 with four-barrel carb was rated at 300 [[HP|hp]].

At mid-year, Pontiac released a radial tire option for the Grand Prix, which increased the wheel diameter from the standard 14-inch to 15-inchers. The radial donuts, provided by the division's usual tire suppliers, included Firestone 500s and B.F. Goodrich Lifesaver T/As. This was the first time that Pontiac offered a radial tire option which actually became a reality. In 1968, Pontiac announced a radial tire option for the GTO that was quickly discontinued due to production problems.

An all-new Grand Prix was scheduled for 1972. However, a 67-day corporate-wide strike at GM in late 1970 that hobbled the 1971 model introduction set back 1972 model production plans and the new A and G-body cars planned for 1972 were delayed for introduction by one year to the 1973 model year.

===1971===
A new integrated bumper/grille and larger single headlights replacing the quad lights of 1969 to 1970 models marked the introduction of the 1971 Grand Prix along with a new slanted boattail-style rear with taillights built into the bumper. Interior revisions amounted to new trim patterns for cloth and vinyl upholstery patterns for both the bench and bucket seats, but the leather interior option was discontinued.

Engine choices included the standard 400 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts, rated at 300 [[HP|hp]]; and the optional four-barrel 455 in³ V8 rated at 325 [[HP|hp]]. Both engines received substantially lower compression ratios (8.4 to 1 for 1971 compared to 10.25 to 1 in 1970) as part of a GM-corporate edict that required engines to use lower-octane regular leaded, low lead or unleaded gasoline beginning with the 1971 model year. Transmission offerings initially were carried over from previous years, including the standard three-speed manual, or optional four-speed stick or [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic. However, at mid-year, [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] became standard equipment and the manual shifters were dropped. Variable-ratio power steering was made standard equipment as well. At mid-year, the SJ model received a sealed Delco X battery that no longer needed water refills.

===1962 - 1967===
[[Image:Pontiac-Grand-Prix-'67.jpg|right|thumb|250px|1967 Pontiac Grand Prix convertible. This one year was the only time a convertible was offered.]]
The Grand Prix appeared in the [[Pontiac]] line in 1962. It was essentially a standard [[Pontiac Catalina]] coupe with minimal outside chrome trim and sportier trim (bucket seats and a center console) inside. The performance-minded [[John De Lorean]], head of Advanced Engineering at Pontiac, contributed greatly to the development of both the Grand Prix and the [[Pontiac GTO|GTO]]. Early models had full access to the Pontiac performance option list, including the factory-race [[Pontiac V8 engine#421|Super Duty 421]] powertrain installed in a handful of 1962 and 1963 cars.

The full-size Catalina-based Grand Prix did very well through the 1960s, and is often credited with the move towards minimal exterior trim seen in the 1960s. Yet its clear resemblance to the other full-size Pontiacs caused some to consider it a lesser model than the other personal luxury cars. At the same time, the Grand Prix had a much stronger performance image than its competitors.

For 1963, the Grand Prix received revised sheetmetal shared with other full-size Pontiacs, but with its own squared-off roofline with a concave rear window that contrasted with the convertible-like roofline of the 1962 Grand Prix and continued on the 1963 to 1964 Catalina and Bonneville. Other distinctive styling cues found on Grand Prixs of this era included "hidden" taillight lenses and exclusive grillework up front. Inside, Grand Prixs had luxurious interiors featuring all-vinyl bucket seats separated by a center console with a floor shifter, storage compartment, courtesy light and optional tachometer or vacuum gauge. Starting in 1965, the Grand Prix was offered with a no-cost option bench seat with folding armrest as an alternative to the bucket seats and console.

Standard engines included a 303 [[HP|hp]] 389 in³ V8 with four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts from 1962 to 1964 and a 325 [[HP|hp]] version of same engine from 1965 to 1966. Optional engines included higher output four-barrel and Tri Power versions of the 389 and larger 421 in³ V8s with up to 376 [[HP|hp]]. In 1967, the 389 was replaced by a 400 in³ V8 rated at 350 [[HP|hp]] as the base engine while the larger 421 was replaced by a 428 in³ V8 with up to 390 [[HP|hp]].

Transmissions included a standard three-speed manual and optional four-speed manual or a [[Hydra-Matic]] transmission. The three-speed Roto Hydra-Matic was offered from 1962 to 1964 and replaced by a new three-speed [[Turbo Engine|Turbo]] Hydra-Matic for 1965 and later years.

A two-door hardtop was the sole bodystyle available on the Grand Prix for all years except 1967, when a convertible was also offered as a one-year offering.

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Pontiac}}

==External links==
* [http://www.clubgp.com Club Grand Prix]
* [http://www.gtpworld.com GTP World]
* [http://www.w-body.com/ The W-body Page]
* [http://www.cardomain.com/MakeModel/Pontiac/Grand%20Prix CarDomain: Pontiac Grand Prix] - Pictures of modified Pontiac Grand Prix
* [http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/pontiac-grandprix/pontiac-grandprix-pictures.shtml Muscle Car Club GP Page]
* [http://www.oldride.com/library/pontiac_super_duty.html Pontiac Super Duty Program]
* [http://www.madle.org/epontiac.htm Production numbers for the Pontiac Grand Prix in the 1970s]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontiac_Grand_Prix Pontiac Grand Prix], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pontiac_Grand_Prix&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]
[[Category:Current Models]]
[[Category:Pontiac Vehicles|Grand Prix]]
[[Category:Front Wheel Drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear Wheel Drive Vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-Size Cars]]
[[Category:Mid-Size Cars]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:Classic cars]]

Pontiac Fiero

2008-10-28T04:15:11Z

68.108.188.210:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Fiero ad.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Pontiac Fiero'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[General Motors]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1984-1988
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Sports Car
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Notchback Coupe<br>2-Door Fastback Coupe
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 165.1"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 69"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 46.9"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 93.4"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 2400-2800 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| TH125C 3-Speed Automatic, RWD<br>Muncie 4-Speed Manual, RWD<br>Isuzu (4 cyl) or Getrag (6 cyl) 5-Speed Manual, RWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 2.5L "Iron Duke" (151 cid) I4 (1984-1988)<br>2.8L (173 cid) V6 (1985-1988)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 90-140 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| N/A
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| P
|}

To express the '''Pontiac Fiero''' in its simplest terms would be a gross injustice. But to gain appreciation for what Pontiac engineering "magic" has accomplished, you first have to understand what the Fiero concept started out to be. In plain language, Fiero is a sporty, exciting, highly fuel-efficient, highly styled 2-seat personal car.

Pontiac has taken this simple, straightforward concept and turned it into a rolling example of brilliantly innovative engineering. It's a formula that has worked well for Pontiac over the years, and Fiero may be the finest expression of the division's engineering prowess to date.

The Fiero can be described as an economy car. It can also be considered a practical and durable car. And, by its technical specifications alone, Fiero may legitimately be called a sports car. The beauty of Fiero is that it's all of these cars, presented in a distinctly dramatic, functionally beautiful Pontiac shape. And best of all, Fiero is one of Pontiac's best examples of what driving is supposed to be all about: pure, unabridged fun!

You are about to find out what makes Fiero work, and why Pontiac engineers designed it the way they did. You'll see that Fiero posesses a rare blend of individual features that, when taken together, add up to one of the most innovative and exciting cars ever built.

Designing the Fiero
When Pontiac engineers began designing the Fiero, some very basic decisions had to be made. Since the traditional body/frame chassis design has given way to the unibody structure on the majority of contemporary cars, Pontiac engineers could have been content with this path for Fiero. But, as you might expect, a more innovative approach was taken for the Fiero: the Space-Frame chassis concept.

To better understand the advantages of the space-frame, you have to look beyond the automobile for a moment. Think of the basic design of a typical suspension bridge, which is made up of individual, load bearing steel supports. Together, these supports form an incredibly strong structure.

The beauty of the space frame concept is that it's particularly strong in the places it needs to be, with excess weight being eliminated from the total structure.

Race cars have used the space-frame concept almost from the beginning. In a raceing car, structural rigidity is a key concern, but this strength must be attained while keeping the weight of the car low. A classic example of the space-frame concept is used in NASCAR® Grand National racers. Underneath the body panels of a stock car is a complex network of steel tubing that makes up the actual chassis. These tubes come together strategically in a skeleton-like manner, leaving spaces, and saving weight, in noncritical areas.

Given the design requirements of Fiero, the space-frame concept is an ideal solution. Pontiac engineers wanted Fiero to have an extremely strong chassis structure, but they needed to avoid any excess weight that would negatively affect fuel economy. Fiero's space frame is a complete success. It's very strong but well within the original weight goals. Moreover, Fiero has achieved one of the highest ratings ever recorded in GM barrier safety tests.

Fiero innovation doesn't stop with the space-frame chassis. When Fiero was introduced in September 1984, it was the first 2-seat, mid-engined production car ever built by an American manufacturer.

Mid-Engine means that the engine/drivetrain unit is placed behind the driver, but ahead of the rear wheels. Mid-engine drive layouts have been common at the highest levels of international racing since the early '60s, including all Indy-type championship cars and Formula 1 Grand Prix machines. Pontiac engineers decided on a mid-engine layout for many of the same reasons that racing car designers do.

One of the design objectives for the Fiero was optimum, balanced handling performance, so rear-wheel drive was a must. Pontiac engineers knew that in order to achieve this handling goal, the heavy mass of the engine/drivetrain unit had to be placed as close to the center of the car as possible. Given the fact that the Fiero package is compact, a mid-engine layout became the most logical choice.

Fiero's engine is mounted transverely, and is very accessible for routine servicing. The power for Fiero is supplied by Pontiac's updated 2.5 liter 4-cylinder, "swirlport" engine with electronic fuel injection, or a powerful 2.8 liter V6.

In order to take advantage of Fiero's mid-engine layout, Pontiac engineers added other significant features to the Fiero. Fully independent suspension and rack and pinion steering are standard. Because the heavy mass of the drivetrain is not over the front wheels, power steering is not required for the Fiero.

Fiero features four-wheel power disc brakes with lightweight aluminum calipers for consistent stopping performance. A 23mm front stabilizer bar is par of the standard Fiero suspension package.

The Fiero design features work together to make it one of the most impressive performing Pontiacs in history. One test drive will convince you that Pontiac engineers have done their work well.

The Pontiac Fiero Manufacturing concept: Innovative Assembly
The Pontiac Fiero is built like no other car in the world for one very important reason: its advanced design concept requires the most advanced assembly technology available. And, in some cases, new technology had to be designed and created in order to get the job done right.

Pontiac manufacturing experts played a major role in the Fiero design process, and they developed entirely new and unique assembly operations to ensure that quailty was designed and built-in, right from the start. Since Pontiac's "home" plant was selected to build the Fiero, Pontiac manufacturing became responsible for some of the innovative technology required to build it right, the first time.

Since the space-frame plays such a basis nd critical role in the Fiero design concept, Pontiac manufacturing took the responsibility for making it and all other major steel stampings. Over 3900 individual welds are performed on the space-frame during the assembly process.

Three basic modular subassemblies (front, rear and compartment floor) are welded together as the first step in the assembly process. The remaining substructures are attached in a single framing station, using the Single-Tool concept. While in this single tool weldment, the space-frame is automatically pierced so that "net" attachment points for other chassis components (such as the cradle for the engine/drivetrain) are precisely made.

A unique part of the Fiero design concept is a separation of cosmetic "fit" from mechanical "function". In other words, the exterior body panels and interior trim items are prepared-for all the way through the assembly process, but their installation is one of the very last steps in final assembly.

One of the assembly steps that ensures precise fit of the body panels is the Milling and Drilling of the Fiero's space frame. The "mill and drill" machine is a single fixture that prepares the space-frame for the location of the body panels. This is achieved by machining, or "milling", 39 separate body mount pads located on various points of the space-frame. The machine also uses a "master" gage point on the door frame ring to locate all the holes on the mounting pads for precise "drilling". This process is a worldwide industry first.

Today the Fiero enjoys a loyal enthusiast following due to its light weight, excellent handling and ability to be equipped with nearly any of GM's engines and front-wheel-drive transmissions. The engine bay is deceptively large for its size, able to accomodate even Cadillac's Northstar engine. There are also aesthetic modifications available in the form of body kits imitating other sports cars, such as Lamborghinis and the Honda/Acura NSX.

==See Also==
{{Pontiac}}

==External Links==

Chevrolet Celebrity

2008-10-28T04:03:19Z

68.108.188.210: /* 1982-1990 */