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Subaru Legacy

2006-08-03T22:00:25Z

69.19.14.31: /* External links */

[[Image:800px-2005_Subaru_Legacy_GT_and_Base.jpg|right|250px|2005 Subaru Legacy Models]]
The '''Subaru Legacy''' is a mid-size sedan that was introduced by [[Subaru]] in February 1989 as a larger, more upscale companion to the [[Subaru Leone]]/[[Subaru Loyale|Loyale]]. It came with a 2.0 L engine and was available with [[all wheel drive]], which later became standard worldwide. In Australia, where it is sold as the '''Subaru Liberty''' (due to Australia's Legacy Clubs rejecting use of their name), it was ''Wheels'' magazine's Car of the Year for 1994 and again for 1998.

In North America, the Legacy was introduced in 1990, with a 2.2 L engine driving [[front-wheel drive|front]] and [[all-wheel drive]] powertrains as options. Both [[sedan]] and [[station wagon|wagon]] models were available. In 1991, a [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] sedan model became available, though its engine differed somewhat from that of other market offerings. A [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] wagon debuted in 1992 as a special edition. All [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] models in North America ceased production with the introduction of the second generation Legacy, starting in 1995. The North American [[Subaru Outback|Outback]] model, with the help of clever marketing, halted declining sales and was instrumental in attracting investment interest from [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]]. '''GT''' models, first offered as a wagon trim package in 1994, became a full-blown upgrade in 1996, using the new [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]] 2.5 L engine. GT models continue to the present model, with '''Limited''' editions available, offering leather trim and a sunroof. The North American market launch of the 2005 model brought back the [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] Legacy to the region, much to the delight of the model's fans.

In the Pacific Northwest, the Rocky Mountain region and New England, the Legacy has gained considerable popularity as an icon of the outdoor lifestyle. The Legacy (and the [[Subaru Outback|Outback]] especially) typifies the outdoor lifestyle market in the US; this is an image of [[Subaru]] that differs greatly from that which the rest of the world has of it. The rise of the performance-oriented [[Subaru Impreza|Impreza]] has done much to change the brand image in recent years, emphasizing performance and safety as well as utility.

In Japan, the Legacy has a reputation for being an affordable, quick, and nimble car. Subaru is trying to follow the success of the Impreza worldwide with the Legacy, offering [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] models in Japan and the Americas. The latest Legacy model has never had a [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] version released in Europe due to emission problems.

On April 23, 1998, a Subaru Legacy set a new world speed record for mass-produced [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] [[station wagon]]s (1600 cc–2000 cc class), clocking 270.532 km/h over one kilometer on Highway 10 in La Junta, Colorado. This record was previously set by a Generation II Subaru Legacy in 1993 at 249.981 km/h.

The original Legacy speed record was set between January 2nd and 21st, 1989, with a Japanese-spec RS sedan at the Arizona Test Center outside of Phoenix, Arizona. It broke the 100,000 km [[FIA]] World Land Endurance Record by maintaining an average speed of 138.780 mph (223.345 km/h) for 447 hours, 44 minutes and 9.887 seconds, or 18 1/2 days. Pit stops were made every two hours with a driver change and refueling, while tire changes were made at 96 hour intervals, or every 13,400 miles driven.

On March 14, 2005, Subaru sold its three-millionth Legacy worldwide.

== Legacy chronology ==
{| class=wikitable
| style="width:100px" | November 1988 || Production of the Legacy starts at the Gunma Yajima Plant
|-
| January 1989 || The Legacy sets a new FIA-certified 100,000-kilometer world speed record with an average speed of 223.345 km/h.
|-
| February 1989 || Introduction in Japan
|-
| April 1989 || Introduction in U.S.
|-
| September 1989 || Introduction in Europe
|-
| September 1989 || Production starts at SIA
|-
| October 1989 || 200 PS [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] '''GT''' launched in Japan
|-
| April 1990 || Legacy enters the World Rally Championship (WRC)
|-
| August 1993 || Legacy wins New Zealand Rally in WRC
|-
| September 1993 || The second-generation Legacy ( Station Wagon) sets an FIA-certified world speed record for 1 km in the mass-produced, unmodified station wagon division at the Bonneville Speedway near Salt Lake City, Utah, with an average speed of 249.981 km/h.
|-
| October 1993 || The second-generation Legacy debuts in Japan
|-
| October 1994 || 250T version with a 2.5 L flat-4 added in Japan
|-
| June 1995 || Production of the Outback starts at SIA
|-
| July 1995 || Engine assembly begins at SIA
|-
| June 1996 || GT-B introduced in Japan, with a 280 PS engine and Bilstein twin-tube shock absorber (inverted-type)
|-
| January 1997 || Cumulative production in Japan reaches the 1-million mark
|-
| April 1998 || The third-generation Legacy (Station Wagon) sets a new FIA-certified world speed record for 1 km with an average speed of 270.532 km/h.
|-
| June 1998 || All-new, third-generation Legacy introduced in Japan
|-
| December 1998 || B4 Sedan debuts in Japan
|-
| December 1998 || Awarded RJC New Car of the Year for 1998-99 in Japan
|-
| February 2000 || B4 Blitzen version introduced in Japan
|-
| May 2000 || Lancaster 6 with a 3.0 L flat-6 engine introduced in Japan
|-
| June 2002 || SIA celebrates the 1-million-unit milestone in its production of Subaru vehicles.
|-
| January 2003 || SIA is made a wholly owned subsidiary of FHI
|-
| May 2003 || The fourth-generation Legacy launched in Japan
|-
| November 2003 || Awarded the Car of the Year for 2003-2004 in Japan
|-
| December 2003 || Sales surpasses the 1-million mark in Japan
|-
| March 2005 || Production surpasses the 3-million mark worldwide
|-
|}

==Gallery of Subaru Legacys==
<gallery>
Image:800px-Subaru_Legacy-Old.jpg|The first-generation Subaru Legacy
Image:800px-Legacy_Wagon-Old.jpg|The first-generation Subaru Legacy station wagon
Image:778px-1996_Subaru_Legacy_wagon.jpg|Second-generation Legacy wagon
Image:Legacygt1997.jpg|1997 Model
Image:SubaruLegacyEuropeanType.jpg|2004 Legacy 3.0R Station Wagon, European Version
Image:Alt0335.jpg|2006 Subaru Legacy GT
Image:800px-Subaru_Liberty_Blitzen_2006.jpg|2006 Subaru Liberty Blitzen at the Melbourne International Motor Show
</gallery>

== World market release schedule ==
Models have typically been released into Japan and selected World markets such as New Zealand and Chile in advance of the Continental European and North American markets, perhaps because all three are right-hand drive markets.

* Generation I: 1989–1992
* Generation II: 1993–1997
* Generation III: 1998–2003
* Generation IV: 2003–present

The first generation Legacy was also sold in Japan by [[Isuzu]] as the [[Isuzu Aska|Aska CX]], from 1990 to 1994.

== North American market release schedule ==
North America usually releases its models two years after Japan does, due to the fact that all Legacies for the North American market are built at Subaru of Indiana located in Lafayette, Indiana.

* Generation I: 1990–1994
* Generation II: 1995–1999
* Generation III: 2000–2004
* Generation IV: 2005–present

== Chassis codes ==
* Generation I: '''BC''' - Sedan, '''BF''' - Wagon
* Generation II: '''BD''' - Sedan, '''BG''' - Wagon
* Generation III: '''BE''' - Sedan, '''BH''' - Wagon
* Generation IV: '''BL''' - Sedan, '''BP''' - Wagon

(other similar chassis codes exist for VIN numbers in the North American market. BF may be shown as BJ on some Legacy wagons, for example. These chassis codes are almost universally recognized for the models they represent worldwide.)

== Production numbers ==
{| border="1"
| style="width:200px" | || align=right style="width:75px" | '''Japan''' || align=right style="width:75px" | '''SIA''' || align=right style="width:75px" | '''Total'''
|-
| First-generation Legacy || align=right | 620,444 || align=right | 204,168 || align=right | 824,612
|-
| Second-generation Legacy || align=right | 495,471 || align=right | 466,354 || align=right | 961,825
|-
| Third-generation Legacy || align=right | 434,624 || align=right | 467,447 || align=right | 902,071
|-
| Fourth-generation Legacy || align=right | 204,776 || align=right | 106,716 || align=right | 311,492
|-
| Total || align=right | 1,755,315 || align=right | 1,244,685 || align=right | 3,000,000
|-
| colspan=4 | Production numbers as of March 14, 2005

|}

== Engines ==
The '''EJ'''-series engine was introduced first in the Legacy. It offers many important improvements over the previous engines, such as five main bearings instead of three. All Legacy engines are horizontally-opposed [[flat engine]]s with at least one [[overhead cam]] per side. The great thing about the EJ series is its versatility - any EJ style engine will fit any subaru made between 1990 and 2006.
* 1.6 L & 1.8 L world-market four-cylinder engines exist. Some are likely to be [[carbureted]], or feature a single central fuel injector.
* 2.0 L & 2.2 L fours were available in normally aspirated, [[fuel injection|fuel injected]] form in most markets. This is the most commonly used legacy engine. The 2.0L quad cam 16v version produces 123kW of power.
* 2.0 L [[Turbocharger|turbocharged]] and [[intercooler|intercooled]] fours have been a staple of the Legacy in world markets. Single and twin [[Turbocharger|turbo]] models existed only in world markets, never available in North America. Twin turbos were used until 2003 when a single twin-scroll titanium [[Turbo Engine|turbocharger]] sourced from IHI and Mitsubishi- for [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission models (and very similar to that used in the Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VII onwards) was adopted by Subaru.
* 2.2 L [[Turbocharger|turbocharged]] four-cylinder engines were available in the North American Legacy between 1991 and 1994. This was a unique version not equipped with an [[intercooler]] while featuring a [[single overhead camshaft]]. It has many resemblances to the '''RA'''-version engines in world markets.
* 2.5 L, [[DOHC]], normally aspirated and [[fuel injection|fuel injected]] four-cylinder engines were available in the US market beginning in 1996. A revised version, with a [[single overhead camshaft]], was available in North American models beginning in 2000. Some [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions have been known to exist in [[Subaru Outback|Outback]] models during the 1998–99 years. World markets received versions of this engine with [[variable valve timing]] as early as 2001.
* 2.5 L, [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]], [[Turbocharger|turbocharged]] and [[intercooled]] four-cylinder engines are available in North American market GT models, beginning in 2005. This engine shares many parts with other versions of the [[Subaru Impreza|Impreza WRX STi]], [[Subaru Forester|Forester XT]] and [[Subaru Baja|Baja Turbo]], as well as the [[Subaru Outback|Outback XT]] which are available only in the North American market.
* 3.0 L, [[Overhead Camshafts|DOHC]], normally-aspirated [[flat-6]]s became available in the Japanese market in 2000 and the North American market in 2001. This was a complete redesign, and shares only peripheral parts with earlier flat- or boxer-six engines. This engine is optionally available in the North American market [[Subaru Outback|Outback]]. An updated 3.0 L six, known as the EZ30R, features [[variable valve timing]] called [[AVCS]]. This version entered the North American market with the introduction of the 2005 [[Subaru Outback|Outback]].

== Performance models ==
Subaru has produced high performance versions of the Legacy with a Bilstein suspension and tuned [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] engines equivalent to the homologized rally version WRX STI (generating 205 kW on manufacturer's figures for the 2.0 L equivalent engine with manual transmission). Recent 3.0 L engines move close to the 2.0 L [[Turbo Engine|turbo]] output and share the Bilstein suspension. 2.0 L-engined [[Turbo Engine|turbocharged]] models with the Bilstein suspension were named either the ''GT-B'' (for wagons), or ''Spec B'', or ''RSK-B4'' (for sedans). The new 2003 model moved many models to simply ''B4'' or even ''GT'' in some countries. The Spec B badge still exists in the UK, where the 3.0R stands as the premier MY06 model.

In North America, early sporty models were known simply as the Sport Sedan and Touring Wagon. Later models were given the GT and GT Limited nomenclature. The 2006 Legacy model brought forth a limited run of 500 Spec B models. This model features an improved suspension, [[Navigation System|navigation]], larger wheels, and other driving and aerodynamic improvements over the GT model.

The new 2007 Legacy Spec B will be mass produced, unlike the limited production of 500 units from the '06 model within the US.

== Motorsports ==
===World Rally Championship===
The Legacy was campaigned by [[Subaru]] in the [[WRC]], with the help of Prodrive, beginning in 1990. It wasn't considered a truly competitive model at first, but showed promise under the command of Markku Alen, who in 1991 managed a third-place finish at the Swedish Rally. 1992 debuted the combination of experienced Group B, Pikes Peak International Hillclimb, and [[WRC]] driver Ari Vatanen, paired with the up-and-coming Scotish driver Colin McRae for Subaru's [[WRC]] effort. Two second place finishes, one by each driver, strengthened the commitment of [[Subaru]] to [[WRC]], the Legacy, and their drivers.

1993 became a breakout year for Subaru as Colin McRae and Ari Vatanen pushed the Legacy to a third place finish at the Swedish Rally and a one-two placing after the first leg of the Acropolis Rally. Prodrive boss David Richards was eager to prove the potential of the new Impreza WRC car, but was charged with gaining a victory in the Legacy before the Impreza could debut. At Round 8, Subaru finally struck gold when McRae managed to hold back Francois Delecour in his Ford Escort for the win. This would be the last WRC event for the Legacy, as the [[Impreza]] debuted at the following event, where it placed second in the hands of Vatanen.

Richard Burns was successful in numerous events with the car during 1992 before joining the World Rally team to drive the [[Impreza]] in 1993. Alister McRae, Per Eklund, Possum Bourne and Hannu Mikkola also competed in the Legacy during its WRC participation.

==Rallying==
The Legacy remains an ever-present competitor in rallies around the world. [[SCCA]] ProRally and [[Rally America]] participation from many teams has been impressive. The Legacy and the [[Impreza]] have many interchangeable parts which makes for a very competent and reliable entry.

== Miscellaneous ==
* The exterior of the second-generation Legacy was designed by Olivier Boulay, who was hired by [[Subaru]] on a short-term basis. He would go on to participate in the design of the [[Maybach 57]] and [[Maybach 62|62]] and influence several [[Mitsubishi]] projects.
* The Legacy has many different trim levels in the Japanese market, with an assortment of different names (i.e. Brighton, Lancaster, VZ to name a couple). Perhaps the most dubious one of all would be the 1993 '''Subaru Touring Bruce''', named due to Bruce Willis lending himself to a home market advertising campaign.

== External links ==
* Websites
** [http://legacygt.com/ LegacyGT.com] A discussion website for the Subaru Legacy.
** [http://legacycentral.org/ Legacy Central] Subaru Legacy-specific website.
** [http://www.surrealmirage.com/subaru/subaru.html Surrealimage] Website devoted to the first-generation Legacy.
**[http://www.scoobymods.com ScoobyMods] Subaru Modification Library
**[http://www.lastditchracing.net Last Ditch Racing] Maine Based Performance Rally Racing Team
**[http://www.maineforestrally.com Maine Forest Rally]
**[http://www.mainesubarugroup.com Maine Subaru Group] Maine Subaru Owners and Enthusiasts
** Discussion forums
** [http://www.sl-i.net SLI] forums at Subaru Legacy International
** [http://forums.nasioc.com/forums/forumdisplay.php?f=13 NASIOC] Legacy forum at NASIOC.
** [http://bbs.scoobynet.co.uk/ Subaru Forums] The UKs largest Subaru community.
** [http://i-club.com/forums/forumdisplay.php?f=126 i-Club] Legacy forums at i-Club.
** [http://legacygt.com/forums/? LegacyGT] Forum at LegacyGT.com
** [http://bbs.legacycentral.org Legacy Central BBS] First-generation Legacy forum on Legacy Central.
** [http://www.wrxforum.com/cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=forum;f=5 WRXForum] Legacy forum at WRXForums.
** [http://www.forumsubaru.com/f17-legacy-forum.html Forum Subaru] Legacy forums at Forum Subaru.
** [http://www.ozliberty.com OZ Liberty] Australian Subaru Liberty forum.
** [http://www.rslibertyclub.org RS Liberty Club] Australian RS Liberty Club forums.
** [http://www.mrtrally.com.au/forums/default.asp?CAT_ID=4 MRT Rally Discussion Forums] Australian Subaru forum, for all models.
** [http://www.uklegacy.com/ UK Legacy] UK based Legacy forums.

==References==
* ''Legacy Makes 3 Million'' [http://www.subaru.co.nz/Roam/About_Subaru/News/index.php?article=755] Subaru New-Zealand

[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Mid-size cars]]
[[Category:Subaru vehicles|Legacy]]

Subaru

2006-08-03T21:58:30Z

69.19.14.31:

{{List Of Subaru Models}}
'''Subaru''' (In katakana: スバル), a Japanese [[automobile|car]] company, is a division of Fuji Heavy Industries (FHI).

"Subaru" is the Japanese word for both unite and the star cluster Pleiades that is depicted in the company logo. The Pleiades (also known as the Seven Sisters) has seven stars visible to the naked eye. The Subaru logo's six stars represent the five companies that came together after World War II to form one large company. While an automotive minnow compared to many of its competitors, Subaru has been a highly profitable company for many years. It is noted for the production of conventional-bodied cars with full-time [[Four Wheel Drive|AWD]] (in fact, in many markets its entire product range has this feature) and its use of the [[flat engine|horizontally-opposed engine]].

It is currently an affiliate of [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]], with them owning 8.7% of FHI. They acquired that stake from [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]], who bought 20% of FHI in 1999 to have an extended presence in international markets, and collaborate technologically with FHI. Before that, the stake owned by GM was owned by [[Nissan]], who acquired the stake around the mid-1980s in order to utilize FHI's bus manufacturing capability. In turn, many Subaru vehicles, even today, use parts from the Nissan manufacturing keiretsu. In fact, it was Subaru that introduced [[Renault]] to Nissan when they asked for assistance in [[Four Wheel Drive|all-wheel drive]] ([[Four Wheel Drive|AWD]]) technology, when FHI told Renault to discuss their plans with Nissan, the discussions eventually led to the successful Renault-Nissan alliance.

Subaru's best-known vehicles are high performance [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] versions of its [[Subaru Legacy|Legacy]] (known as Liberty in Australia—it was renamed out of respect for the Legacy Australia Foundation, which aids veterans and their families during and after wars), and [[Subaru Impreza|Impreza]], which offer outstanding performance and handling at relatively affordable prices. Modified versions of the [[Subaru Impreza WRX|Impreza WRX]] and [[Subaru Impreza WRX STi|WRX STi]] have been competing successfully in car rallies and the World Rally Championship for many years (World Champion drivers include: Colin McRae, Richard Burns and Petter Solberg). Several endurance records were set in the early and mid-nineties by the Legacy.

Popular nicknames (especially among owners) for the Subaru brand name are "Scooby" and "Scooby-Doo" in the UK, and "Subie" in the U.S. The Impreza WRX model is often referred to as the "Rex."

==History==

Subaru started out as "The Aircraft Research Laboratory" in 1917 headed by Chikuhei Nakajima. Then in 1931, the company was reorganized as "Nakajima Aircraft Co., Ltd", designer of the infamous Zero fighter. At the end of the Second World War, Nakajima Aircraft was again reorganized, this time as Fuji Sangyo Co, Ltd. In 1946, Fuji Sangyo created its first Rabbit motor scooter with spare aircraft parts from the war (see picture on right). In 1950, Fuji Sangyo was divided into 12 smaller corporations according to the 1950 Corporate Credit Rearrangement Act, but between 1953-1955, four of these corporations and a newly formed corporation formed by an alliance of the four aforementioned companies were again merged together to form the Fuji Heavy Industries we know today.

From 1954 to 1989 the company designed and manufactured dozens of vehicles including the P1 (1954), the 360 (1958), the Sambar (1961), the 1000 (1965), the 1100 and the R2 (1969), the Leone (1971, 1975 and 1977), the Domingo (1983), the Alcyclone (1985) and the Legacy (1989).

In the 1990's the company moved away from small commercial vehicles and concentrated on the development of rally car models including the SVX (1991), the Vivio and the Impreza (1992). However in 1995 the company created the Sambar EV electric van. In 1997 the Forester was introduced to the world market, followed by a new design of the Legacy vehicle (1998)

Toyota announced a contract with Japanese rival Subaru on March 13, 2006. The under-used Subaru of Indiana Automotive plant in Lafayette will hire up to 1,000 workers and set aside an assembly line for Camry, beginning in spring 2007.[[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]] was a 20% minority shareholder of Fuji Heavy from 1999 until 2005 when they sold 8.7% to [[Toyota]] and put the rest on the open market.

As of October 5, 2005, [[Toyota]] stated that it will purchase 8.7% of the shares of FHI from [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]]. In addition, GM announced that it will eventually sever all ties with FHI, the parent company of Subaru. FHI has also stated that there have been 27 million shares (worth 3.4% of its stock) acquired before the start of trading by an unknown party on October 6. It is speculated that a bank or perhaps another automaker was behind it.

From 1995 to 2000, Subaru ran a series of advertisements for the Subaru Outback which starred Paul Hogan. The advertisements were intended to highlight Subaru's [[Four Wheel Drive|all wheel drive]], and depicted the Outback in a number of rugged Australian locations.

==Cultural references==
The Subaru brand name is mentioned in the Bruce Springsteen song "Pink Cadillac"

It was also mentioned in Blondie's song "Rapture"

Also mentioned repeatedly in the Bloodhound Gang song titled "Pennsylvania" from the album Hefty Fine.

==Present models==
All present non-keicar models of Subaru are [[Four Wheel Drive|AWD]] vehicles.
* [[Subaru Baja|Baja]]
* [[Subaru B9 Tribeca|B9 Tribeca]]
* [[Subaru Forester|Forester]] (a [[crossover SUV]])
* [[Subaru Impreza|Impreza]]
* [[Subaru Impreza WRX|Impreza WRX]]
* [[Subaru Impreza WRX STi|Impreza WRX STi]]
* [[Subaru Legacy|Legacy]]/Liberty
* [[Subaru Outback|Outback]]
* [[Subaru Pleo|Pleo]] (a Keicar)
* [[Subaru R1|R1]] (a Keicar)
* [[Subaru R2|R2]] (a Keicar)
* [[Subaru Sambar|Sambar]] (a Keicar)

==Past models==
*[[Subaru 360|360]]
*[[Subaru FF-1 Star|FF-1 Star]]
*[[Subaru G|FF-1 G]]
*[[Subaru 1400 DL/GL|1400 DL/GL]]
*[[Subaru 1600|1600 Leone]]
*[[Subaru 1800|1800]]
*[[Subaru XT|Alcyone]] (also called the '''XT''', '''XT6''', and '''Vortex''')
*[[Subaru Alcyone SVX|Alcyone SVX]] (also called the '''SVX''')
*[[Subaru BRAT|BRAT]] (also called the '''Brumby''')
*[[Subaru Justy|Justy]]
*[[Subaru Leone|Leone]]
*[[Subaru Loyale|GL/DL/Loyale]]
*[[Subaru Rex|Rex]]
*[[Subaru Traviq|Traviq]] (a rebadged [[Opel]] Zafira [[Minivan]], ''FWD'')
*[[Subaru Vivio|Vivio]]

==See also==
*[[Subaru Tecnica International]] (also known as '''STI''')
*[[Subaru VIN codes]]

==External links==
* '''''Official Sites'''''
** [http://www.fhi.co.jp/index.html Fuji Heavy Industries] (Japanese)
** [http://www.subaru-global.com/ Subaru Global-Homepage]
* '''''Car Clubs / Forums'''''
** [http://www.imprezatunerz.com/ Impreza Tunerz] Tuning In Subaru Enthusiasts Worldwide
** [http://www.nasioc.com/ NASIOC ] North American Subaru Impreza Owners Club
** [http://offroadsubarus.com/ OffroadSubaru Website]Australian Offroad Subaru site
** [http://ausubaru.com/ AuSubaru Website] Australian
** [http://knowledge-center.net/subaru/ Subaru Impreza Forum]
** [http://bbs.scoobynet.co.uk/ Worlds Largest Impreza Community]
** [http://www.clubsub.org.nz/ ClubSub, New Zealand's largest Subaru Club]
** [http://www.subaruklub.hu/ Hungarian Subaru Club]
** [http://www.ultimatesubaru.net/ Ultimate Subaru Website and Message Board]
** [http://www.subaru-impreza.org/ World Wide Subaru Club]
** [http://www.subaruinfo.com/ Information on all years and models of Subarus]
**[http://www.klubsubaru.tk Polish Subaru Club]
** [http://www.subiesport.com Subiesport Magazine: North American Subaru Periodical]
** [http://www.flat4lv.com Flat4LV: Las Vegas Subaru Owners Club]
** [http://home.arcor.de/goep/P1.htm All Subaru cars since 1954 with pictures and timeline]
** [http://kcsubaru.com KCSubaru.com]
** [http://www.subaruclub.net/foorum/index.php Estonian Subaruclub Forum]
* '''''Enthusiast and Tuning Sites'''''
** [http://www.SubaruClub.cz SubaruClub.cz] International Subaru cars Club ... '''!non-commercial! web for Subaru enthusiasts'''
**[http://www.scoobymods.com ScoobyMods] Subaru Modification Library
**[http://www.lastditchracing.net Last Ditch Racing] Maine Based Performance Rally Racing Team
**[http://www.maineforestrally.com Maine Forest Rally]
**[http://www.mainesubarugroup.com Maine Subaru Group] Maine Subaru Owners and Enthusiasts

Subaru Impreza WRX STI

2006-08-03T21:49:31Z

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[[Image:800px-2006WRXSTi.jpg|thumbnail|300px|2006 Subaru Impreza WRX STi.]]
[[Image:800px-Sub_im_WRX.jpg|thumbnail|300px|2007 Subaru Impreza WRX STi Limited.]]

The '''[[Subaru]] [[Subaru Impreza|Impreza]] WRX STI''' (formerly '''STi''', officially changed in 2006) is the highest standard-edition trim in the Subaru Impreza line.

In the late 1980's, Subaru created the Subaru Tecnica International (STI) division to coordinate development for the FIA World Rally Championship and other motorsports activities. After the company had grown, the division was used to create high-performance consumer versions of the [[Subaru Impreza WRX]], a [[4WD]] sportscar with a [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] flat-4 engine, leading to the development of the Impreza WRX STi. Subaru has used a race-prepared version of the WRX STI as its rally platform since the model trim's creation.

== GC chassis (1992 - 2000) ==
There were 6 noted versions of the STi. The different versions were marketed with consecutive numbers. Another way to tell the version of a WRX STi was to look at the chassis code. All WRX STis have the beginning chassis code of GC8 then followed by a letter from A to G.

'''Version I''' (1994) - GC8A/B:
The first STi had 250 PS (184 kW) @6500 rpm and 31.5 kgf·m (309 N·m) @3500 rpm and weighed 1230 kg (2,710 lb). This version was the only version where the standard cars were taken at the end of the assembly line and replaced by STi parts. After this version, the standard STi was built alongside the WRX on the production lines.

The WRX Type RA ([Nürburgring] Record Attempt) STi produced 275 PS (202 kW) and 32.5 kgf·m (319 N·m) of torque. This version of the WRX STi was a stripped out car that had no sound-deadening, radio or air-conditioning. It came sparsely equipped as it was to be sold to racing teams that would throw out the cheap parts for racing parts. This version of the WRX came with a Driver Controlled Center Differential (DCCD). This device was an electromechanical differential that could lock the differential. This allows the amount of torque sent to the front and rear wheels vary from a split of 35/65 to 50/50. The DCCD would be beneficial to people who used it in various rally conditions.

'''Version II''' (1995) - GC8C:
The regular STi's engine output stood at 275 PS (202 kW) and 32.5 kgf·m (319 N·m) of torque. This was the year that STi started painting the exhaust manifolds red. The car weighed 1240 kg and had gold wheels like the one on the World Rally Championship Impreza.

The V-limited STi edition was produced. It was a limited edition was often used to celebrate a Manufacturer or Driver title award to Subaru's World Rally Team. The interior is colored blue on the seat inserts and carpeting. The WRX Type RA STi received a radio and air-conditioning in the V-limited form. 1000 WRX STi Version 2 V-limited were produced. 555 (the cigarette brand that was the primier sponsor of the Subaru World Rally Team) WRX Type RA STi Version 2 V-limited were produced.

'''Version III''' (1996) - GC8D:
The engine was vastly updated and was given the name Boxer Master 4. It developed the then-established gentlemen's agreement power limit of 280 PS (206 kW). Torque peaked at 4000 rpm with a value of 35.0 kgf·m (343 N·m). The car gained 10 more kilograms and weighed at 1250 kg. The STi shared the same face lift that the rest of the Impreza line received.

With Version III came the start of the coupe version of the WRX STi. This car was to be the new basis for rally races. It is called the WRX Type R STi. The coupe was chosen by Prodrive because it was smaller, lighter and stiffer than the 4 door version. It was essentially a 2 door version of the WRX Type RA STi meaning it had DCCD, little sound-insulating material, close-gear ratios and the gearbox was hardened. This car also had an intercooler spray to cooler the intake charge for the [[Turbo Engine|turbocharger]]. This car was produced on an order-only basis.

The WRX Type RA was not produced and there were only 500 of the WRX STi Version 3 V-limited produced.

'''Version IV''' (1997) - GC8E:
The power was again increased. This time 280 PS (206 kW) was produced, but the torque was increased to 36.0 kgf·m (353 N·m).

Again, like the Version II, there were 555 WRX Type RA STi Version 4 V-limited cars produced. The WRX Type R STi Version 4 V-limited was produced on an orders-only basis with a 3 month waiting period.

'''Version V''' (1998) - GC8F:
The power stayed the same as the previous version. The engine layout and design was made cleaner. This engine was dubbed as the Boxer Phase2 engine. The facelift the rest of the Impreza line also applied to here. The WRX STi weighed 1270 kg.

The V in "V-Limited" was dropped. There were 1000 WRX Type RA STi Version 5 Limited cars and the WRX Type R STi Version 5 Limited cars had a 4 month waiting period for each order.

'''Version VI''' (1999) - GC8G:
Again the power stayed the same. Most the changes were cosmetic. The wing was sculpted to be more aggressive.

There were 2000 WRX STi Version 6 Limited and 1000 WRX Type R Version 6 Limited cars produced.

'''Japanese-spec Special Variants'''

'''22B STi (1998)''':
In 1998, Subaru of Japan produced a widebody, 2-door, Impreza called the '''22B STi'''. The 22B had the EJ22 engine as opposed to the regular EJ20 engine. This means the displacement was increased from 1994 cc to 2212cc. The block was a closed-deck borrowed from the Legacy's EJ22. The heads (valves, valvetrain and such) were lifted from the STi Version 4 engine. It produce 280 PS (206 kW) and 363 N·m (37.0 kgf·m) of torque at a lower engine speed of 3200 rpm. The redline was lowered from 8000 rpm to 7000 rpm.

The 22B was used to commemorate the 3rd consecutive manufacturer's title for Subaru in the FIA World Rally Championship. This car was given a unique color of blue and had fender flared widebody taken from the Peter Stevens designed WRC car. It sported a Bilstein suspension, a triple-plate clutch, cryo-treated gears, a unique spoiler, a unique bumper and custom BBS gold wheels.

The origin of the name 22B has often been debated. Many assume 22 referred to the 2.2 liter displacement and the B was for the Bilstein suspension. This would correlate with the idea that Subaru sells a Legacy Spec B, where the B represents the Bilstein suspension. Others believe that 22B was meant to represent the much recognized 555 decal on the WRC car as 22B is a hexadecimal representation of the decimal number, 555.

It is interesting to note that the 22B STi that is suppose to be #13 was never given the plaque. Subaru of America imported #13 to be used as a press car.

'''S201 STi (2000)''':
Subaru Tecnica International started the S-series of special Imprezas. This series is a limited production series that sports an engine output of greater than 280 PS (206 kW) (special variant cars were excluded from the gentlemen's agreement). The car was decked with nearly every single part from the STi catalogue.

The S201 was a 4-door STi that sported the only body-kitted S-series WRX STi. It had a tri-planar wing and a massive front airsplitter. The entire suspension was composed of STi parts.

== GD chassis (2001 - present) ==
In 2001, the Impreza line received a complete update. The chassis was stiffened so that it had 120% torsional stiffness increase. The WRX STi gained 17" x 7.5" inch alloy wheels over the previous 16" x 7" inch wheels. The 5 speed transmission (reputed to be one of the car's weakpoints) was changed to a STi engineered 6 speed manual transmission. The engine was retained from the Version 6 STi and still retains the semi-closed deck block and is still labeled as the EJ207. However, the turbochargers are IHI models. The interior was updated with a STi logo on the gauge. The STi's gauge also has a red shift light. The STi's and optioned Type RA STi have received Brembo 4 pot front and 2 pot rear brakes while the bare-bones Type RA STi still carried the Subaru 4 pot front and 2 pot rear brakes. Externally, the STis had larger hoodscoops and had foglight covers with STi embossed on them. The DCCD was updated so it can work with [[anti-lock brakes]]. During braking, when the [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]] is on, the DCCD will set itself to open-mode (no locking).

The version nomenclature was dropped from the name. To distinguish between the years, Japanese and other auto-enthusiasts often refer to the chassis as GDB (the STi had a 'B' where as the regular WRX had an 'A') revision A to F where F is the current (2006) version.

'''Japanese-spec'''

'''Rev. A''' (2001):
In 2001, the WRX STi received the aforementioned updates. The WRX Type RA STi was produced. The STi wagon was still produced but it's engine only produced 260 PS (191 kW). The STi foglight covers had white STi lettering on them.

The WRX Type RA STi was used for the Group N homologation.

'''Rev. B''' (2002):
Along with the rest of the Impreza line, the grill and body of the WRX STi was minorly updated by Peter Stevens to give it a more angular look when seen from the side. The foglight covers had pink STi lettering. Not much else besides minor suspension improvements and a small increase in torque output was done.

The WRX Type RA STi was dropped for a new WRX STi Spec C. This model was much lighter than the WRX Type RA as it received lighter glass and body panels. The Spec C's handing was much improved due to an increase in caster (from 3.5 degrees to 5 degrees). This was achieved not by changing the suspension mounting point, but by lenghtening the wheelbase (15 mm). This was done by including different control arms. This increased caster significantly helped the turn-in capabilities of the car. The Spec C also has a steering rack ratio of 13:1. The transmission is supplied with its own oil cooler.

The WRX STi was used for Group N homologation.

The WRX STi wagon had ceased to be produced.

'''Rev. C''' (2003):
Not much was changed.

The WRX STi was used for Group N homologation.

'''Rev. D''' (2004):
The WRX STi received the same Peter Stevens-designed facelift that rest of the Imprezas received. The WRX STi is now capable of being ordered with DCCD.

The WRX STi Spec C Type RA was released. It sported a carbon-fiber wing and a carbon fiber lip. It also had a new set of BBS wheels as well as a newly tuned engine.

The WRX STi V-limited was released. It sports 4-way dampers tuned by Subaru World Rally Team's Group N driver Toshi Arai.

The WRX STi was used for Group N homologation.

'''Rev. E''' (2005):
The WRX STi receives the same increase in wheelbase as the Spec C. All STis received additional rear fender flaring in order to allow an increase in wheel size. The wheel size went from 17" x 7.5" to 17" x 8". In accordance with the increased wheel width, steering lock-to-lock turns have been reduced. Wheel hub strength was improved. The P.C.D. was changed from 5 x 100 to 5 x 114.3.

The DCCD mechanism is improved with the addition of a yaw rate sensor that helps the [[Four Wheel Drive|AWD]]'s computer determine torque distribution to the wheels.

The WRX STi Spec C WR-limited was used for Group N homologation.

'''Rev. F''' (2006):
The WRX STi continues on relatively the same. The Impreza line's looks have been changed by Andreas Zapatinas.

The WRX STi Spec C's receives the Arai tuned dampers and a 21-mm swaybar. The rear suspension is changed from rubber bushings to pillowball bushings. The strut tower was further stiffened for improved handling and stability. The strut towers were reinforced for better handling and better ride characteristics. The engine mounts were changed from metal to liquid-filled plastic mounts to reduce vibrations into the car's cabin.

The DCCD is updated with the use of a torque-sensing mechanism inside the DCCD. The torque split is changed to 41/59.

The WRX STi Spec C was used for Group N homologation.

'''Japanese-spec Special Variants'''

'''S202''':
This car was an S-series Impreza based on the Spec C. All of the suspension and powertrain parts included STi parts from the STi part catalogue. The interior included special edition black seats with red STi logo stitching. A smaller, lightweight AC compressor was fitted to save weight. The brake rotors were gas slotted. The rims were STi labeled Ray's Volks rims.

'''S203''':
This limited edition Subaru was an S-series Impreza based on the WRX STi. Again it is basically a car with all the STi parts available. It was shod with custom made 18 inch BBS rims with Pirellis. The crankshaft is balanced by hand.

'''S204''':
The new S204 was released at the end of 2005. It is based on the WRX STi. It does away with the roof spoiler and has a different grill from the rest of the Impreza line.

'''Asia, Oceania and European-spec'''

In 2001, most of Asia, Oceania and Europe received the new STi. The engine was detuned to meet emission standards. Instead of the stated 280ps, the engines produced 265 PS (195 kW).

In 2006, the engine was changed to the EJ25 and produces 280 PS (206 kW). The STis finally received the DCCD that US models had from the beginning and the extra wheelbase increase like the Japanese-spec WRX STi Spec C.

<gallery>
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_front.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - front (Australian model)
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_rear_left.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - rear
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_engine.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - engine
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_interior_dash.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - interior driver side
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_interior_seats.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - interior driver seat
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_rear_badge.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - rear badge
</gallery>

'''US-spec'''

In 2004, Subaru of America announced it will sell the WRX STi. Subaru Tecnica International's president said in an interview that he wishes to best the [[Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution]] in the US. Thus, the each iteration of the US-spec WRX STi was essentially the same as the respective J-spec STi Spec C (the highest performing STi version barring special variants). All the part numbers match up, including the part-numbers for the glass windows and dampeners. However, instead of the EJ207, the USA receives the first EJ257, a 2.5 liter version of the EJ207. Also, unlike the EJ207, it features hypereutectic cast pistons as opposed to the forged pistons in the EJ207. The steering rack is the standard STi's 15.2:1 instead of the Spec C's 13:1

Many people surmise the reason why the US-spec WRX STi does not handle as well as a Spec C is because the EJ257's extra weight and the slower steering rack hampers the feel and balance of the car.

The current-generation MY2006 STi weighs approximately 3350 lb.

== GC chassis comparison to the GD chassis ==
'''Pros'''

Subaru claims that the GD chassis is 148 percent and 82 percent stiffer in torsional and beam rigidity, respectively, than the GC chassis. Due to the increase in stiffness, the car has much better stability in corners and is easier to control at the limit. The GC chassis is so weak compared to today's cars that engineers called the body a "Watermelon frame", referring to how a watermelon shatters on impact.

In terms of safety, the IGD chassis scored much higher than the GC chassis and earned a "Good" rating (highest mark) from the IIHS's offset crash test. 4 stars front driver, 5 star front passenger and 4 star side safety ratings from the NHTSA. In a magazine article from the Dec. 2005 Firehouse magazine (a periodical written and made for firefighters), Ron Moore writes how it is well-known that the Impreza chassis has great protection in its B-pillars. This side structure has 8 layers of high-strength, high-tension steel including a round steel bar running through the middle. The author notes how drivers simply walk away from horrific side-impact accidents.

'''Cons'''

One of the biggest complaints with the GD chassis is that it gains nearly 200 kg in weight over the GC chassis. Much of this weight came in the form of chassis stiffening as the car was made to meet every countries' crash standards. The weight also hampers the cars manueverability, transistions and turn-in capabilities. The GC Imprezas were notable for being very lightweight despite having [[Four Wheel Drive|4WD]], the WRX Type STi Version VI, at 1260 kg, was lighter than the concurrent [[Mazda RX-7]] ''type RZ'' (1270 kg) and [[Honda NSX]] ''type S Zero'' (1270 kg). In this fashion, the GC chassis has a better advantage.

The author mentioned above also notes that the Jaws of Life need to cut the Subaru's B-pillars at certain points in order to cut through the car frame. This information was not as well-spread before, so there have been many incidences where firefighters could not cut the B-pillars due to their structural integrity. To some people, this might be a concern if the driver or passengers need to be cut out of the vehicle quickly.

== Motorsports ==
'''Rally'''

'''FIA PCWRC:'''
The STi serve as the basis from which Group N "production" rally cars are constructed. Group N4-classed (marketed by FIA as Production Car World Rally Championship or PCWRC) cars are the major support category for the World Rally Championship and are the premier category in many national rally championships. For the past two years (2004 and 2005), the WRX STi has taken the top 3 podiums in Group N. This new effort can be attributed to STi's increased support in Group N motorsports.

'''FIA WRC:'''
In 1995, 1996 and 1997 World Rally Championships, Subaru's World Rally Team, in conjunction with Prodrive won the WRC manufacturer's title with the World Rally Impreza. The STi's bare chassis is used by Prodrive as the basis of the World Rally Impreza. This WRC class is currently labeled by FIA as Group A8. Colin McRaein 1995, Richar Burns in 2001, and Petter Solberg in 2003 all won the WRC driver's title with the World Rally Impreza.

'''Autocrossing'''

'''JAF Events:'''
In 2004, the STi Spec C won 1st place in the All Japan gymkhana (Japanese autocrossing) championships.

'''SCCA Events:'''
At the 2005 Tire Rack SCCA Solo Nationals in Topeka, Kansas, a 2004 US-spec STi took 1st in the STU and ESP classes.

'''Road racing'''

'''FIA Events:'''
In 2005, Prova Racing took a STI to 2nd place in class and 14th overall in the 24 hour Nurburgring race.

'''JAF Events:'''
In 2005, Prova Racing's STis finished the season in 1st and 3rd place in Japan's Super Taikyu. In 2002, Eifel Prova Racing took 1st place in Super Taikyu.

'''SCCA Events:'''
In Club Racing's T2 division, Icy Racing's 2004 STis took 1st and 2nd place.
In 2005, ESX Motorsports announed the introduction of the WRX STI in World Challege's GT class.

== Media ==
'''Manga:'''

The STi is featured in various movies and anime. In Shuichi Shigeno's manga turned anime, Initial D, the main character's father, Bunta, drives a WRX Type R STi Version V with a STi Sports Bumper (a bumper that was sold in the STi parts catalogue; it had the same shape as the 22B STi but was made to fit the non-wide body Imprezas).

'''Anime:'''

In the anime, Ex-Driver, a '99 Impreza WRC was shown in the first episode. Unfortunately, it was totaled in the episode (the power line for the car's 6-speed sequential transmission was damaged by a runaway AI car, making gear changes impossible).

'''Movies:'''

In the Hong Kong movie, "Legend of Speed 2", two street racing teams compete in the streets of Kowloon, Hong Kong. One of the teams races WRX STis. The leader drives a white WRX STi version 3.

'''Games:'''

This car is also featured in the Gran Turismo game series for the PS2. Forza Motorsports for the Xbox has also included various WRX STis in the car line-up. The cars were featured in several rally games, that are WRC Impreza, such as Colin McRae Rally. They even featured in several import games, the GDB Impreza, such as SRS, and Need for Speed: Underground, the 22B STi GC8
was featured in the THQ import street racing game Juiced. They also featured in several Japanese imported racing games such as Kaido Battle and Initial D: Special Stage. The WRX Type R Sti version 5 that Bunta drives in Initial D, is a special car that be gained with a sequential imput on the Initial D Arcade game.

'''TV:'''

A 2004-2005 STi is also featured in a Taco Bell commercial.
In the Quaker State oil ad, they feature a stock WRX STi on the commercial and on magazines.

== Availability ==
The STI was originally sold only in Japan. It was later made officially available in Oceania (Australia had it in 1999 with the STi Version V). In 2001, Europe received the STi with the change of the chassis. After seeing the Impreza WRX sell at much better levels than expected, [[Subaru]] began selling the STI in North America in 2004.

It should be noted that the Oceania and Europe actually had WRX STis in the region before the official versions. Car importation laws in those areas are much more lax than America's laws. Thus, the grey markets has many earlier versions of the WRX STi. America's car importation laws are much more strict. In most cases, the only way to legally import an earlier version of the WRX STi than the one offered is by registering it as a race or exhibition car.

== Notes ==
<references />

== External links ==
*[http://www.iwsti.com/forums/ IWSTI.com] All STi, All the time
*[http://www.imprezatunerz.com/ Impreza Tunerz] Tuning In Subaru Enthusiasts Worldwide
*[http://www.fhi.co.jp/index.html Fuji Heavy Industries] (Japanese)
*[http://www.subaru-global.com/ Subaru Global-Homepage]
*[http://www.subaru-sti.co.jp/ Subaru Tecnica International Official Site]
*[http://home.arcor.de/goep/SoMoE.htm Special Editions with pictures]
*[http://www.jprova.co.jp Prova Racing Official Site]
*[http://www.nasioc.com North American Subaru Impreza Owners Club]
*[http://www.i-club.com i-Club]
*[http://www.scoobymods.com ScoobyMods] Subaru Modification Library
*[http://www.cars101.com/subaru_archives.html Subaru Model List]
*[http://www.lastditchracing.net Last Ditch Racing] Maine Based Performance Rally Racing Team
*[http://www.maineforestrally.com Maine Forest Rally]
*[http://www.mainesubarugroup.com Maine Subaru Group] Maine Subaru Owners and Enthusiasts
*[http://www.swrt.com Subaru World Rally Team]

{{Subaru}}

[[Category:Subaru vehicles|Impreza WRX STi]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Sports cars]]
[[Category:1992 introductions]]

Subaru Impreza WRX STI

2006-08-03T21:45:19Z

69.19.14.31: /* External links */

[[Image:800px-2006WRXSTi.jpg|thumbnail|300px|2006 Subaru Impreza WRX STi.]]
[[Image:800px-Sub_im_WRX.jpg|thumbnail|300px|2007 Subaru Impreza WRX STi Limited.]]

The '''[[Subaru]] [[Subaru Impreza|Impreza]] WRX STI''' (formerly '''STi''', officially changed in 2006) is the highest standard-edition trim in the Subaru Impreza line.

In the late 1980's, Subaru created the Subaru Tecnica International (STI) division to coordinate development for the FIA World Rally Championship and other motorsports activities. After the company had grown, the division was used to create high-performance consumer versions of the [[Subaru Impreza WRX]], a [[4WD]] sportscar with a [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] flat-4 engine, leading to the development of the Impreza WRX STi. Subaru has used a race-prepared version of the WRX STI as its rally platform since the model trim's creation.

== GC chassis (1992 - 2000) ==
There were 6 noted versions of the STi. The different versions were marketed with consecutive numbers. Another way to tell the version of a WRX STi was to look at the chassis code. All WRX STis have the beginning chassis code of GC8 then followed by a letter from A to G.

'''Version I''' (1994) - GC8A/B:
The first STi had 250 PS (184 kW) @6500 rpm and 31.5 kgf·m (309 N·m) @3500 rpm and weighed 1230 kg (2,710 lb). This version was the only version where the standard cars were taken at the end of the assembly line and replaced by STi parts. After this version, the standard STi was built alongside the WRX on the production lines.

The WRX Type RA ([Nürburgring] Record Attempt) STi produced 275 PS (202 kW) and 32.5 kgf·m (319 N·m) of torque. This version of the WRX STi was a stripped out car that had no sound-deadening, radio or air-conditioning. It came sparsely equipped as it was to be sold to racing teams that would throw out the cheap parts for racing parts. This version of the WRX came with a Driver Controlled Center Differential (DCCD). This device was an electromechanical differential that could lock the differential. This allows the amount of torque sent to the front and rear wheels vary from a split of 35/65 to 50/50. The DCCD would be beneficial to people who used it in various rally conditions.

'''Version II''' (1995) - GC8C:
The regular STi's engine output stood at 275 PS (202 kW) and 32.5 kgf·m (319 N·m) of torque. This was the year that STi started painting the exhaust manifolds red. The car weighed 1240 kg and had gold wheels like the one on the World Rally Championship Impreza.

The V-limited STi edition was produced. It was a limited edition was often used to celebrate a Manufacturer or Driver title award to Subaru's World Rally Team. The interior is colored blue on the seat inserts and carpeting. The WRX Type RA STi received a radio and air-conditioning in the V-limited form. 1000 WRX STi Version 2 V-limited were produced. 555 (the cigarette brand that was the primier sponsor of the Subaru World Rally Team) WRX Type RA STi Version 2 V-limited were produced.

'''Version III''' (1996) - GC8D:
The engine was vastly updated and was given the name Boxer Master 4. It developed the then-established gentlemen's agreement power limit of 280 PS (206 kW). Torque peaked at 4000 rpm with a value of 35.0 kgf·m (343 N·m). The car gained 10 more kilograms and weighed at 1250 kg. The STi shared the same face lift that the rest of the Impreza line received.

With Version III came the start of the coupe version of the WRX STi. This car was to be the new basis for rally races. It is called the WRX Type R STi. The coupe was chosen by Prodrive because it was smaller, lighter and stiffer than the 4 door version. It was essentially a 2 door version of the WRX Type RA STi meaning it had DCCD, little sound-insulating material, close-gear ratios and the gearbox was hardened. This car also had an intercooler spray to cooler the intake charge for the [[Turbo Engine|turbocharger]]. This car was produced on an order-only basis.

The WRX Type RA was not produced and there were only 500 of the WRX STi Version 3 V-limited produced.

'''Version IV''' (1997) - GC8E:
The power was again increased. This time 280 PS (206 kW) was produced, but the torque was increased to 36.0 kgf·m (353 N·m).

Again, like the Version II, there were 555 WRX Type RA STi Version 4 V-limited cars produced. The WRX Type R STi Version 4 V-limited was produced on an orders-only basis with a 3 month waiting period.

'''Version V''' (1998) - GC8F:
The power stayed the same as the previous version. The engine layout and design was made cleaner. This engine was dubbed as the Boxer Phase2 engine. The facelift the rest of the Impreza line also applied to here. The WRX STi weighed 1270 kg.

The V in "V-Limited" was dropped. There were 1000 WRX Type RA STi Version 5 Limited cars and the WRX Type R STi Version 5 Limited cars had a 4 month waiting period for each order.

'''Version VI''' (1999) - GC8G:
Again the power stayed the same. Most the changes were cosmetic. The wing was sculpted to be more aggressive.

There were 2000 WRX STi Version 6 Limited and 1000 WRX Type R Version 6 Limited cars produced.

'''Japanese-spec Special Variants'''

'''22B STi (1998)''':
In 1998, Subaru of Japan produced a widebody, 2-door, Impreza called the '''22B STi'''. The 22B had the EJ22 engine as opposed to the regular EJ20 engine. This means the displacement was increased from 1994 cc to 2212cc. The block was a closed-deck borrowed from the Legacy's EJ22. The heads (valves, valvetrain and such) were lifted from the STi Version 4 engine. It produce 280 PS (206 kW) and 363 N·m (37.0 kgf·m) of torque at a lower engine speed of 3200 rpm. The redline was lowered from 8000 rpm to 7000 rpm.

The 22B was used to commemorate the 3rd consecutive manufacturer's title for Subaru in the FIA World Rally Championship. This car was given a unique color of blue and had fender flared widebody taken from the Peter Stevens designed WRC car. It sported a Bilstein suspension, a triple-plate clutch, cryo-treated gears, a unique spoiler, a unique bumper and custom BBS gold wheels.

The origin of the name 22B has often been debated. Many assume 22 referred to the 2.2 liter displacement and the B was for the Bilstein suspension. This would correlate with the idea that Subaru sells a Legacy Spec B, where the B represents the Bilstein suspension. Others believe that 22B was meant to represent the much recognized 555 decal on the WRC car as 22B is a hexadecimal representation of the decimal number, 555.

It is interesting to note that the 22B STi that is suppose to be #13 was never given the plaque. Subaru of America imported #13 to be used as a press car.

'''S201 STi (2000)''':
Subaru Tecnica International started the S-series of special Imprezas. This series is a limited production series that sports an engine output of greater than 280 PS (206 kW) (special variant cars were excluded from the gentlemen's agreement). The car was decked with nearly every single part from the STi catalogue.

The S201 was a 4-door STi that sported the only body-kitted S-series WRX STi. It had a tri-planar wing and a massive front airsplitter. The entire suspension was composed of STi parts.

== GD chassis (2001 - present) ==
In 2001, the Impreza line received a complete update. The chassis was stiffened so that it had 120% torsional stiffness increase. The WRX STi gained 17" x 7.5" inch alloy wheels over the previous 16" x 7" inch wheels. The 5 speed transmission (reputed to be one of the car's weakpoints) was changed to a STi engineered 6 speed manual transmission. The engine was retained from the Version 6 STi and still retains the semi-closed deck block and is still labeled as the EJ207. However, the turbochargers are IHI models. The interior was updated with a STi logo on the gauge. The STi's gauge also has a red shift light. The STi's and optioned Type RA STi have received Brembo 4 pot front and 2 pot rear brakes while the bare-bones Type RA STi still carried the Subaru 4 pot front and 2 pot rear brakes. Externally, the STis had larger hoodscoops and had foglight covers with STi embossed on them. The DCCD was updated so it can work with [[anti-lock brakes]]. During braking, when the [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]] is on, the DCCD will set itself to open-mode (no locking).

The version nomenclature was dropped from the name. To distinguish between the years, Japanese and other auto-enthusiasts often refer to the chassis as GDB (the STi had a 'B' where as the regular WRX had an 'A') revision A to F where F is the current (2006) version.

'''Japanese-spec'''

'''Rev. A''' (2001):
In 2001, the WRX STi received the aforementioned updates. The WRX Type RA STi was produced. The STi wagon was still produced but it's engine only produced 260 PS (191 kW). The STi foglight covers had white STi lettering on them.

The WRX Type RA STi was used for the Group N homologation.

'''Rev. B''' (2002):
Along with the rest of the Impreza line, the grill and body of the WRX STi was minorly updated by Peter Stevens to give it a more angular look when seen from the side. The foglight covers had pink STi lettering. Not much else besides minor suspension improvements and a small increase in torque output was done.

The WRX Type RA STi was dropped for a new WRX STi Spec C. This model was much lighter than the WRX Type RA as it received lighter glass and body panels. The Spec C's handing was much improved due to an increase in caster (from 3.5 degrees to 5 degrees). This was achieved not by changing the suspension mounting point, but by lenghtening the wheelbase (15 mm). This was done by including different control arms. This increased caster significantly helped the turn-in capabilities of the car. The Spec C also has a steering rack ratio of 13:1. The transmission is supplied with its own oil cooler.

The WRX STi was used for Group N homologation.

The WRX STi wagon had ceased to be produced.

'''Rev. C''' (2003):
Not much was changed.

The WRX STi was used for Group N homologation.

'''Rev. D''' (2004):
The WRX STi received the same Peter Stevens-designed facelift that rest of the Imprezas received. The WRX STi is now capable of being ordered with DCCD.

The WRX STi Spec C Type RA was released. It sported a carbon-fiber wing and a carbon fiber lip. It also had a new set of BBS wheels as well as a newly tuned engine.

The WRX STi V-limited was released. It sports 4-way dampers tuned by Subaru World Rally Team's Group N driver Toshi Arai.

The WRX STi was used for Group N homologation.

'''Rev. E''' (2005):
The WRX STi receives the same increase in wheelbase as the Spec C. All STis received additional rear fender flaring in order to allow an increase in wheel size. The wheel size went from 17" x 7.5" to 17" x 8". In accordance with the increased wheel width, steering lock-to-lock turns have been reduced. Wheel hub strength was improved. The P.C.D. was changed from 5 x 100 to 5 x 114.3.

The DCCD mechanism is improved with the addition of a yaw rate sensor that helps the [[Four Wheel Drive|AWD]]'s computer determine torque distribution to the wheels.

The WRX STi Spec C WR-limited was used for Group N homologation.

'''Rev. F''' (2006):
The WRX STi continues on relatively the same. The Impreza line's looks have been changed by Andreas Zapatinas.

The WRX STi Spec C's receives the Arai tuned dampers and a 21-mm swaybar. The rear suspension is changed from rubber bushings to pillowball bushings. The strut tower was further stiffened for improved handling and stability. The strut towers were reinforced for better handling and better ride characteristics. The engine mounts were changed from metal to liquid-filled plastic mounts to reduce vibrations into the car's cabin.

The DCCD is updated with the use of a torque-sensing mechanism inside the DCCD. The torque split is changed to 41/59.

The WRX STi Spec C was used for Group N homologation.

'''Japanese-spec Special Variants'''

'''S202''':
This car was an S-series Impreza based on the Spec C. All of the suspension and powertrain parts included STi parts from the STi part catalogue. The interior included special edition black seats with red STi logo stitching. A smaller, lightweight AC compressor was fitted to save weight. The brake rotors were gas slotted. The rims were STi labeled Ray's Volks rims.

'''S203''':
This limited edition Subaru was an S-series Impreza based on the WRX STi. Again it is basically a car with all the STi parts available. It was shod with custom made 18 inch BBS rims with Pirellis. The crankshaft is balanced by hand.

'''S204''':
The new S204 was released at the end of 2005. It is based on the WRX STi. It does away with the roof spoiler and has a different grill from the rest of the Impreza line.

'''Asia, Oceania and European-spec'''

In 2001, most of Asia, Oceania and Europe received the new STi. The engine was detuned to meet emission standards. Instead of the stated 280ps, the engines produced 265 PS (195 kW).

In 2006, the engine was changed to the EJ25 and produces 280 PS (206 kW). The STis finally received the DCCD that US models had from the beginning and the extra wheelbase increase like the Japanese-spec WRX STi Spec C.

<gallery>
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_front.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - front (Australian model)
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_rear_left.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - rear
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_engine.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - engine
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_interior_dash.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - interior driver side
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_interior_seats.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - interior driver seat
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_rear_badge.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - rear badge
</gallery>

'''US-spec'''

In 2004, Subaru of America announced it will sell the WRX STi. Subaru Tecnica International's president said in an interview that he wishes to best the [[Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution]] in the US. Thus, the each iteration of the US-spec WRX STi was essentially the same as the respective J-spec STi Spec C (the highest performing STi version barring special variants). All the part numbers match up, including the part-numbers for the glass windows and dampeners. However, instead of the EJ207, the USA receives the first EJ257, a 2.5 liter version of the EJ207. Also, unlike the EJ207, it features hypereutectic cast pistons as opposed to the forged pistons in the EJ207. The steering rack is the standard STi's 15.2:1 instead of the Spec C's 13:1

Many people surmise the reason why the US-spec WRX STi does not handle as well as a Spec C is because the EJ257's extra weight and the slower steering rack hampers the feel and balance of the car.

The current-generation MY2006 STi weighs approximately 3350 lb.

== GC chassis comparison to the GD chassis ==
'''Pros'''

Subaru claims that the GD chassis is 148 percent and 82 percent stiffer in torsional and beam rigidity, respectively, than the GC chassis. Due to the increase in stiffness, the car has much better stability in corners and is easier to control at the limit. The GC chassis is so weak compared to today's cars that engineers called the body a "Watermelon frame", referring to how a watermelon shatters on impact.

In terms of safety, the IGD chassis scored much higher than the GC chassis and earned a "Good" rating (highest mark) from the IIHS's offset crash test. 4 stars front driver, 5 star front passenger and 4 star side safety ratings from the NHTSA. In a magazine article from the Dec. 2005 Firehouse magazine (a periodical written and made for firefighters), Ron Moore writes how it is well-known that the Impreza chassis has great protection in its B-pillars. This side structure has 8 layers of high-strength, high-tension steel including a round steel bar running through the middle. The author notes how drivers simply walk away from horrific side-impact accidents.

'''Cons'''

One of the biggest complaints with the GD chassis is that it gains nearly 200 kg in weight over the GC chassis. Much of this weight came in the form of chassis stiffening as the car was made to meet every countries' crash standards. The weight also hampers the cars manueverability, transistions and turn-in capabilities. The GC Imprezas were notable for being very lightweight despite having [[Four Wheel Drive|4WD]], the WRX Type STi Version VI, at 1260 kg, was lighter than the concurrent [[Mazda RX-7]] ''type RZ'' (1270 kg) and [[Honda NSX]] ''type S Zero'' (1270 kg). In this fashion, the GC chassis has a better advantage.

The author mentioned above also notes that the Jaws of Life need to cut the Subaru's B-pillars at certain points in order to cut through the car frame. This information was not as well-spread before, so there have been many incidences where firefighters could not cut the B-pillars due to their structural integrity. To some people, this might be a concern if the driver or passengers need to be cut out of the vehicle quickly.

== Motorsports ==
'''Rally'''

'''FIA PCWRC:'''
The STi serve as the basis from which Group N "production" rally cars are constructed. Group N4-classed (marketed by FIA as Production Car World Rally Championship or PCWRC) cars are the major support category for the World Rally Championship and are the premier category in many national rally championships. For the past two years (2004 and 2005), the WRX STi has taken the top 3 podiums in Group N. This new effort can be attributed to STi's increased support in Group N motorsports.

'''FIA WRC:'''
In 1995, 1996 and 1997 World Rally Championships, Subaru's World Rally Team, in conjunction with Prodrive won the WRC manufacturer's title with the World Rally Impreza. The STi's bare chassis is used by Prodrive as the basis of the World Rally Impreza. This WRC class is currently labeled by FIA as Group A8. Colin McRaein 1995, Richar Burns in 2001, and Petter Solberg in 2003 all won the WRC driver's title with the World Rally Impreza.

'''Autocrossing'''

'''JAF Events:'''
In 2004, the STi Spec C won 1st place in the All Japan gymkhana (Japanese autocrossing) championships.

'''SCCA Events:'''
At the 2005 Tire Rack SCCA Solo Nationals in Topeka, Kansas, a 2004 US-spec STi took 1st in the STU and ESP classes.

'''Road racing'''

'''FIA Events:'''
In 2005, Prova Racing took a STI to 2nd place in class and 14th overall in the 24 hour Nurburgring race.

'''JAF Events:'''
In 2005, Prova Racing's STis finished the season in 1st and 3rd place in Japan's Super Taikyu. In 2002, Eifel Prova Racing took 1st place in Super Taikyu.

'''SCCA Events:'''
In Club Racing's T2 division, Icy Racing's 2004 STis took 1st and 2nd place.
In 2005, ESX Motorsports announed the introduction of the WRX STI in World Challege's GT class.

== Media ==
'''Manga:'''

The STi is featured in various movies and anime. In Shuichi Shigeno's manga turned anime, Initial D, the main character's father, Bunta, drives a WRX Type R STi Version V with a STi Sports Bumper (a bumper that was sold in the STi parts catalogue; it had the same shape as the 22B STi but was made to fit the non-wide body Imprezas).

'''Anime:'''

In the anime, Ex-Driver, a '99 Impreza WRC was shown in the first episode. Unfortunately, it was totaled in the episode (the power line for the car's 6-speed sequential transmission was damaged by a runaway AI car, making gear changes impossible).

'''Movies:'''

In the Hong Kong movie, "Legend of Speed 2", two street racing teams compete in the streets of Kowloon, Hong Kong. One of the teams races WRX STis. The leader drives a white WRX STi version 3.

'''Games:'''

This car is also featured in the Gran Turismo game series for the PS2. Forza Motorsports for the Xbox has also included various WRX STis in the car line-up. The cars were featured in several rally games, that are WRC Impreza, such as Colin McRae Rally. They even featured in several import games, the GDB Impreza, such as SRS, and Need for Speed: Underground, the 22B STi GC8
was featured in the THQ import street racing game Juiced. They also featured in several Japanese imported racing games such as Kaido Battle and Initial D: Special Stage. The WRX Type R Sti version 5 that Bunta drives in Initial D, is a special car that be gained with a sequential imput on the Initial D Arcade game.

'''TV:'''

A 2004-2005 STi is also featured in a Taco Bell commercial.
In the Quaker State oil ad, they feature a stock WRX STi on the commercial and on magazines.

== Availability ==
The STI was originally sold only in Japan. It was later made officially available in Oceania (Australia had it in 1999 with the STi Version V). In 2001, Europe received the STi with the change of the chassis. After seeing the Impreza WRX sell at much better levels than expected, [[Subaru]] began selling the STI in North America in 2004.

It should be noted that the Oceania and Europe actually had WRX STis in the region before the official versions. Car importation laws in those areas are much more lax than America's laws. Thus, the grey markets has many earlier versions of the WRX STi. America's car importation laws are much more strict. In most cases, the only way to legally import an earlier version of the WRX STi than the one offered is by registering it as a race or exhibition car.

== Notes ==
<references />

== External links ==
*[http://www.iwsti.com/forums/ IWSTI.com] All STi, All the time
*[http://www.imprezatunerz.com/ Impreza Tunerz] Tuning In Subaru Enthusiasts Worldwide
*[http://www.fhi.co.jp/index.html Fuji Heavy Industries] (Japanese)
*[http://www.subaru-global.com/ Subaru Global-Homepage]
*[http://www.subaru-sti.co.jp/ Subaru Tecnica International Official Site]
*[http://home.arcor.de/goep/SoMoE.htm Special Editions with pictures]
*[http://www.jprova.co.jp Prova Racing Official Site]
*[http://www.nasioc.com North American Subaru Impreza Owners Club]
*[http://www.i-club.com i-Club]
*[http://www.scoobymods.com ScoobyMods]
*[http://www.cars101.com/subaru_archives.html Subaru Model List]
*[http://www.lastditchracing.net Last Ditch Racing]
*[http://www.maineforestrally.com Maine Forest Rally]
*[http://www.mainesubarugroup.com Maine Subaru Group] Maine Subaru Owners and Enthusiasts
*[http://www.swrt.com Subaru World Rally Team]

{{Subaru}}

[[Category:Subaru vehicles|Impreza WRX STi]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Sports cars]]
[[Category:1992 introductions]]

Subaru Impreza WRX STI

2006-08-03T21:37:07Z

69.19.14.31: /* External links */

[[Image:800px-2006WRXSTi.jpg|thumbnail|300px|2006 Subaru Impreza WRX STi.]]
[[Image:800px-Sub_im_WRX.jpg|thumbnail|300px|2007 Subaru Impreza WRX STi Limited.]]

The '''[[Subaru]] [[Subaru Impreza|Impreza]] WRX STI''' (formerly '''STi''', officially changed in 2006) is the highest standard-edition trim in the Subaru Impreza line.

In the late 1980's, Subaru created the Subaru Tecnica International (STI) division to coordinate development for the FIA World Rally Championship and other motorsports activities. After the company had grown, the division was used to create high-performance consumer versions of the [[Subaru Impreza WRX]], a [[4WD]] sportscar with a [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] flat-4 engine, leading to the development of the Impreza WRX STi. Subaru has used a race-prepared version of the WRX STI as its rally platform since the model trim's creation.

== GC chassis (1992 - 2000) ==
There were 6 noted versions of the STi. The different versions were marketed with consecutive numbers. Another way to tell the version of a WRX STi was to look at the chassis code. All WRX STis have the beginning chassis code of GC8 then followed by a letter from A to G.

'''Version I''' (1994) - GC8A/B:
The first STi had 250 PS (184 kW) @6500 rpm and 31.5 kgf·m (309 N·m) @3500 rpm and weighed 1230 kg (2,710 lb). This version was the only version where the standard cars were taken at the end of the assembly line and replaced by STi parts. After this version, the standard STi was built alongside the WRX on the production lines.

The WRX Type RA ([Nürburgring] Record Attempt) STi produced 275 PS (202 kW) and 32.5 kgf·m (319 N·m) of torque. This version of the WRX STi was a stripped out car that had no sound-deadening, radio or air-conditioning. It came sparsely equipped as it was to be sold to racing teams that would throw out the cheap parts for racing parts. This version of the WRX came with a Driver Controlled Center Differential (DCCD). This device was an electromechanical differential that could lock the differential. This allows the amount of torque sent to the front and rear wheels vary from a split of 35/65 to 50/50. The DCCD would be beneficial to people who used it in various rally conditions.

'''Version II''' (1995) - GC8C:
The regular STi's engine output stood at 275 PS (202 kW) and 32.5 kgf·m (319 N·m) of torque. This was the year that STi started painting the exhaust manifolds red. The car weighed 1240 kg and had gold wheels like the one on the World Rally Championship Impreza.

The V-limited STi edition was produced. It was a limited edition was often used to celebrate a Manufacturer or Driver title award to Subaru's World Rally Team. The interior is colored blue on the seat inserts and carpeting. The WRX Type RA STi received a radio and air-conditioning in the V-limited form. 1000 WRX STi Version 2 V-limited were produced. 555 (the cigarette brand that was the primier sponsor of the Subaru World Rally Team) WRX Type RA STi Version 2 V-limited were produced.

'''Version III''' (1996) - GC8D:
The engine was vastly updated and was given the name Boxer Master 4. It developed the then-established gentlemen's agreement power limit of 280 PS (206 kW). Torque peaked at 4000 rpm with a value of 35.0 kgf·m (343 N·m). The car gained 10 more kilograms and weighed at 1250 kg. The STi shared the same face lift that the rest of the Impreza line received.

With Version III came the start of the coupe version of the WRX STi. This car was to be the new basis for rally races. It is called the WRX Type R STi. The coupe was chosen by Prodrive because it was smaller, lighter and stiffer than the 4 door version. It was essentially a 2 door version of the WRX Type RA STi meaning it had DCCD, little sound-insulating material, close-gear ratios and the gearbox was hardened. This car also had an intercooler spray to cooler the intake charge for the [[Turbo Engine|turbocharger]]. This car was produced on an order-only basis.

The WRX Type RA was not produced and there were only 500 of the WRX STi Version 3 V-limited produced.

'''Version IV''' (1997) - GC8E:
The power was again increased. This time 280 PS (206 kW) was produced, but the torque was increased to 36.0 kgf·m (353 N·m).

Again, like the Version II, there were 555 WRX Type RA STi Version 4 V-limited cars produced. The WRX Type R STi Version 4 V-limited was produced on an orders-only basis with a 3 month waiting period.

'''Version V''' (1998) - GC8F:
The power stayed the same as the previous version. The engine layout and design was made cleaner. This engine was dubbed as the Boxer Phase2 engine. The facelift the rest of the Impreza line also applied to here. The WRX STi weighed 1270 kg.

The V in "V-Limited" was dropped. There were 1000 WRX Type RA STi Version 5 Limited cars and the WRX Type R STi Version 5 Limited cars had a 4 month waiting period for each order.

'''Version VI''' (1999) - GC8G:
Again the power stayed the same. Most the changes were cosmetic. The wing was sculpted to be more aggressive.

There were 2000 WRX STi Version 6 Limited and 1000 WRX Type R Version 6 Limited cars produced.

'''Japanese-spec Special Variants'''

'''22B STi (1998)''':
In 1998, Subaru of Japan produced a widebody, 2-door, Impreza called the '''22B STi'''. The 22B had the EJ22 engine as opposed to the regular EJ20 engine. This means the displacement was increased from 1994 cc to 2212cc. The block was a closed-deck borrowed from the Legacy's EJ22. The heads (valves, valvetrain and such) were lifted from the STi Version 4 engine. It produce 280 PS (206 kW) and 363 N·m (37.0 kgf·m) of torque at a lower engine speed of 3200 rpm. The redline was lowered from 8000 rpm to 7000 rpm.

The 22B was used to commemorate the 3rd consecutive manufacturer's title for Subaru in the FIA World Rally Championship. This car was given a unique color of blue and had fender flared widebody taken from the Peter Stevens designed WRC car. It sported a Bilstein suspension, a triple-plate clutch, cryo-treated gears, a unique spoiler, a unique bumper and custom BBS gold wheels.

The origin of the name 22B has often been debated. Many assume 22 referred to the 2.2 liter displacement and the B was for the Bilstein suspension. This would correlate with the idea that Subaru sells a Legacy Spec B, where the B represents the Bilstein suspension. Others believe that 22B was meant to represent the much recognized 555 decal on the WRC car as 22B is a hexadecimal representation of the decimal number, 555.

It is interesting to note that the 22B STi that is suppose to be #13 was never given the plaque. Subaru of America imported #13 to be used as a press car.

'''S201 STi (2000)''':
Subaru Tecnica International started the S-series of special Imprezas. This series is a limited production series that sports an engine output of greater than 280 PS (206 kW) (special variant cars were excluded from the gentlemen's agreement). The car was decked with nearly every single part from the STi catalogue.

The S201 was a 4-door STi that sported the only body-kitted S-series WRX STi. It had a tri-planar wing and a massive front airsplitter. The entire suspension was composed of STi parts.

== GD chassis (2001 - present) ==
In 2001, the Impreza line received a complete update. The chassis was stiffened so that it had 120% torsional stiffness increase. The WRX STi gained 17" x 7.5" inch alloy wheels over the previous 16" x 7" inch wheels. The 5 speed transmission (reputed to be one of the car's weakpoints) was changed to a STi engineered 6 speed manual transmission. The engine was retained from the Version 6 STi and still retains the semi-closed deck block and is still labeled as the EJ207. However, the turbochargers are IHI models. The interior was updated with a STi logo on the gauge. The STi's gauge also has a red shift light. The STi's and optioned Type RA STi have received Brembo 4 pot front and 2 pot rear brakes while the bare-bones Type RA STi still carried the Subaru 4 pot front and 2 pot rear brakes. Externally, the STis had larger hoodscoops and had foglight covers with STi embossed on them. The DCCD was updated so it can work with [[anti-lock brakes]]. During braking, when the [[Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS)|ABS]] is on, the DCCD will set itself to open-mode (no locking).

The version nomenclature was dropped from the name. To distinguish between the years, Japanese and other auto-enthusiasts often refer to the chassis as GDB (the STi had a 'B' where as the regular WRX had an 'A') revision A to F where F is the current (2006) version.

'''Japanese-spec'''

'''Rev. A''' (2001):
In 2001, the WRX STi received the aforementioned updates. The WRX Type RA STi was produced. The STi wagon was still produced but it's engine only produced 260 PS (191 kW). The STi foglight covers had white STi lettering on them.

The WRX Type RA STi was used for the Group N homologation.

'''Rev. B''' (2002):
Along with the rest of the Impreza line, the grill and body of the WRX STi was minorly updated by Peter Stevens to give it a more angular look when seen from the side. The foglight covers had pink STi lettering. Not much else besides minor suspension improvements and a small increase in torque output was done.

The WRX Type RA STi was dropped for a new WRX STi Spec C. This model was much lighter than the WRX Type RA as it received lighter glass and body panels. The Spec C's handing was much improved due to an increase in caster (from 3.5 degrees to 5 degrees). This was achieved not by changing the suspension mounting point, but by lenghtening the wheelbase (15 mm). This was done by including different control arms. This increased caster significantly helped the turn-in capabilities of the car. The Spec C also has a steering rack ratio of 13:1. The transmission is supplied with its own oil cooler.

The WRX STi was used for Group N homologation.

The WRX STi wagon had ceased to be produced.

'''Rev. C''' (2003):
Not much was changed.

The WRX STi was used for Group N homologation.

'''Rev. D''' (2004):
The WRX STi received the same Peter Stevens-designed facelift that rest of the Imprezas received. The WRX STi is now capable of being ordered with DCCD.

The WRX STi Spec C Type RA was released. It sported a carbon-fiber wing and a carbon fiber lip. It also had a new set of BBS wheels as well as a newly tuned engine.

The WRX STi V-limited was released. It sports 4-way dampers tuned by Subaru World Rally Team's Group N driver Toshi Arai.

The WRX STi was used for Group N homologation.

'''Rev. E''' (2005):
The WRX STi receives the same increase in wheelbase as the Spec C. All STis received additional rear fender flaring in order to allow an increase in wheel size. The wheel size went from 17" x 7.5" to 17" x 8". In accordance with the increased wheel width, steering lock-to-lock turns have been reduced. Wheel hub strength was improved. The P.C.D. was changed from 5 x 100 to 5 x 114.3.

The DCCD mechanism is improved with the addition of a yaw rate sensor that helps the [[Four Wheel Drive|AWD]]'s computer determine torque distribution to the wheels.

The WRX STi Spec C WR-limited was used for Group N homologation.

'''Rev. F''' (2006):
The WRX STi continues on relatively the same. The Impreza line's looks have been changed by Andreas Zapatinas.

The WRX STi Spec C's receives the Arai tuned dampers and a 21-mm swaybar. The rear suspension is changed from rubber bushings to pillowball bushings. The strut tower was further stiffened for improved handling and stability. The strut towers were reinforced for better handling and better ride characteristics. The engine mounts were changed from metal to liquid-filled plastic mounts to reduce vibrations into the car's cabin.

The DCCD is updated with the use of a torque-sensing mechanism inside the DCCD. The torque split is changed to 41/59.

The WRX STi Spec C was used for Group N homologation.

'''Japanese-spec Special Variants'''

'''S202''':
This car was an S-series Impreza based on the Spec C. All of the suspension and powertrain parts included STi parts from the STi part catalogue. The interior included special edition black seats with red STi logo stitching. A smaller, lightweight AC compressor was fitted to save weight. The brake rotors were gas slotted. The rims were STi labeled Ray's Volks rims.

'''S203''':
This limited edition Subaru was an S-series Impreza based on the WRX STi. Again it is basically a car with all the STi parts available. It was shod with custom made 18 inch BBS rims with Pirellis. The crankshaft is balanced by hand.

'''S204''':
The new S204 was released at the end of 2005. It is based on the WRX STi. It does away with the roof spoiler and has a different grill from the rest of the Impreza line.

'''Asia, Oceania and European-spec'''

In 2001, most of Asia, Oceania and Europe received the new STi. The engine was detuned to meet emission standards. Instead of the stated 280ps, the engines produced 265 PS (195 kW).

In 2006, the engine was changed to the EJ25 and produces 280 PS (206 kW). The STis finally received the DCCD that US models had from the beginning and the extra wheelbase increase like the Japanese-spec WRX STi Spec C.

<gallery>
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_front.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - front (Australian model)
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_rear_left.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - rear
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_engine.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - engine
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_interior_dash.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - interior driver side
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_interior_seats.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - interior driver seat
Image:800px-Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STI_2006_rear_badge.jpg|Subaru Impreza WRX STI 2006 - rear badge
</gallery>

'''US-spec'''

In 2004, Subaru of America announced it will sell the WRX STi. Subaru Tecnica International's president said in an interview that he wishes to best the [[Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution]] in the US. Thus, the each iteration of the US-spec WRX STi was essentially the same as the respective J-spec STi Spec C (the highest performing STi version barring special variants). All the part numbers match up, including the part-numbers for the glass windows and dampeners. However, instead of the EJ207, the USA receives the first EJ257, a 2.5 liter version of the EJ207. Also, unlike the EJ207, it features hypereutectic cast pistons as opposed to the forged pistons in the EJ207. The steering rack is the standard STi's 15.2:1 instead of the Spec C's 13:1

Many people surmise the reason why the US-spec WRX STi does not handle as well as a Spec C is because the EJ257's extra weight and the slower steering rack hampers the feel and balance of the car.

The current-generation MY2006 STi weighs approximately 3350 lb.

== GC chassis comparison to the GD chassis ==
'''Pros'''

Subaru claims that the GD chassis is 148 percent and 82 percent stiffer in torsional and beam rigidity, respectively, than the GC chassis. Due to the increase in stiffness, the car has much better stability in corners and is easier to control at the limit. The GC chassis is so weak compared to today's cars that engineers called the body a "Watermelon frame", referring to how a watermelon shatters on impact.

In terms of safety, the IGD chassis scored much higher than the GC chassis and earned a "Good" rating (highest mark) from the IIHS's offset crash test. 4 stars front driver, 5 star front passenger and 4 star side safety ratings from the NHTSA. In a magazine article from the Dec. 2005 Firehouse magazine (a periodical written and made for firefighters), Ron Moore writes how it is well-known that the Impreza chassis has great protection in its B-pillars. This side structure has 8 layers of high-strength, high-tension steel including a round steel bar running through the middle. The author notes how drivers simply walk away from horrific side-impact accidents.

'''Cons'''

One of the biggest complaints with the GD chassis is that it gains nearly 200 kg in weight over the GC chassis. Much of this weight came in the form of chassis stiffening as the car was made to meet every countries' crash standards. The weight also hampers the cars manueverability, transistions and turn-in capabilities. The GC Imprezas were notable for being very lightweight despite having [[Four Wheel Drive|4WD]], the WRX Type STi Version VI, at 1260 kg, was lighter than the concurrent [[Mazda RX-7]] ''type RZ'' (1270 kg) and [[Honda NSX]] ''type S Zero'' (1270 kg). In this fashion, the GC chassis has a better advantage.

The author mentioned above also notes that the Jaws of Life need to cut the Subaru's B-pillars at certain points in order to cut through the car frame. This information was not as well-spread before, so there have been many incidences where firefighters could not cut the B-pillars due to their structural integrity. To some people, this might be a concern if the driver or passengers need to be cut out of the vehicle quickly.

== Motorsports ==
'''Rally'''

'''FIA PCWRC:'''
The STi serve as the basis from which Group N "production" rally cars are constructed. Group N4-classed (marketed by FIA as Production Car World Rally Championship or PCWRC) cars are the major support category for the World Rally Championship and are the premier category in many national rally championships. For the past two years (2004 and 2005), the WRX STi has taken the top 3 podiums in Group N. This new effort can be attributed to STi's increased support in Group N motorsports.

'''FIA WRC:'''
In 1995, 1996 and 1997 World Rally Championships, Subaru's World Rally Team, in conjunction with Prodrive won the WRC manufacturer's title with the World Rally Impreza. The STi's bare chassis is used by Prodrive as the basis of the World Rally Impreza. This WRC class is currently labeled by FIA as Group A8. Colin McRaein 1995, Richar Burns in 2001, and Petter Solberg in 2003 all won the WRC driver's title with the World Rally Impreza.

'''Autocrossing'''

'''JAF Events:'''
In 2004, the STi Spec C won 1st place in the All Japan gymkhana (Japanese autocrossing) championships.

'''SCCA Events:'''
At the 2005 Tire Rack SCCA Solo Nationals in Topeka, Kansas, a 2004 US-spec STi took 1st in the STU and ESP classes.

'''Road racing'''

'''FIA Events:'''
In 2005, Prova Racing took a STI to 2nd place in class and 14th overall in the 24 hour Nurburgring race.

'''JAF Events:'''
In 2005, Prova Racing's STis finished the season in 1st and 3rd place in Japan's Super Taikyu. In 2002, Eifel Prova Racing took 1st place in Super Taikyu.

'''SCCA Events:'''
In Club Racing's T2 division, Icy Racing's 2004 STis took 1st and 2nd place.
In 2005, ESX Motorsports announed the introduction of the WRX STI in World Challege's GT class.

== Media ==
'''Manga:'''

The STi is featured in various movies and anime. In Shuichi Shigeno's manga turned anime, Initial D, the main character's father, Bunta, drives a WRX Type R STi Version V with a STi Sports Bumper (a bumper that was sold in the STi parts catalogue; it had the same shape as the 22B STi but was made to fit the non-wide body Imprezas).

'''Anime:'''

In the anime, Ex-Driver, a '99 Impreza WRC was shown in the first episode. Unfortunately, it was totaled in the episode (the power line for the car's 6-speed sequential transmission was damaged by a runaway AI car, making gear changes impossible).

'''Movies:'''

In the Hong Kong movie, "Legend of Speed 2", two street racing teams compete in the streets of Kowloon, Hong Kong. One of the teams races WRX STis. The leader drives a white WRX STi version 3.

'''Games:'''

This car is also featured in the Gran Turismo game series for the PS2. Forza Motorsports for the Xbox has also included various WRX STis in the car line-up. The cars were featured in several rally games, that are WRC Impreza, such as Colin McRae Rally. They even featured in several import games, the GDB Impreza, such as SRS, and Need for Speed: Underground, the 22B STi GC8
was featured in the THQ import street racing game Juiced. They also featured in several Japanese imported racing games such as Kaido Battle and Initial D: Special Stage. The WRX Type R Sti version 5 that Bunta drives in Initial D, is a special car that be gained with a sequential imput on the Initial D Arcade game.

'''TV:'''

A 2004-2005 STi is also featured in a Taco Bell commercial.
In the Quaker State oil ad, they feature a stock WRX STi on the commercial and on magazines.

== Availability ==
The STI was originally sold only in Japan. It was later made officially available in Oceania (Australia had it in 1999 with the STi Version V). In 2001, Europe received the STi with the change of the chassis. After seeing the Impreza WRX sell at much better levels than expected, [[Subaru]] began selling the STI in North America in 2004.

It should be noted that the Oceania and Europe actually had WRX STis in the region before the official versions. Car importation laws in those areas are much more lax than America's laws. Thus, the grey markets has many earlier versions of the WRX STi. America's car importation laws are much more strict. In most cases, the only way to legally import an earlier version of the WRX STi than the one offered is by registering it as a race or exhibition car.

== Notes ==
<references />

== External links ==
*[http://www.iwsti.com/forums/ IWSTI.com] All STi, All the time
*[http://www.imprezatunerz.com/ Impreza Tunerz] Tuning In Subaru Enthusiasts Worldwide
*[http://www.fhi.co.jp/index.html Fuji Heavy Industries] (Japanese)
*[http://www.subaru-global.com/ Subaru Global-Homepage]
*[http://www.subaru-sti.co.jp/ Subaru Tecnica International Official Site]
*[http://home.arcor.de/goep/SoMoE.htm Special Editions with pictures]
*[http://www.jprova.co.jp Prova Racing Official Site]
*[http://www.nasioc.com North American Subaru Impreza Owners Club]
*[http://www.i-club.com i-Club]
*[http://www.scoobymods.com ScoobyMods]
*[http://www.cars101.com/subaru_archives.html Subaru Model List]
*[http://www.lastditchracing.net Last Ditch Racing]
*[http://www.maineforestrally.com Maine Forest Rally]
*[http://mainesubarugroup.com Maine Subaru Group]

{{Subaru}}

[[Category:Subaru vehicles|Impreza WRX STi]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Sports cars]]
[[Category:1992 introductions]]