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Chevrolet Blazer

2008-05-04T12:19:42Z

Flash176: /* 2nd Generation (1973-1991) */ mil

''Please note: this report covers the '''full-size C/K5 Blazer''' and '''GMC Jimmy''' only. For information about the smaller '''S10 Blazer''' and the compact 1995-2005 Blazer, please see separate [[Chevrolet S10 Blazer|S10 Blazer]] page.''

'''[[Chevrolet]]''' introduced the '''K5 Blazer''' in 1969 using a shortened '''K10''' pickup truck chassis - in some ways, the Blazer actually started out as a ''very'' shortened K10 pickup with a removable roof and a bench seat in the bed surrounded by a roll bar - that was pretty much the essence of the original Blazer. The original K5 Blazer (back in those days, in Chevrolet lore, '''C''' signified 2-wheel drive, '''K''' meant 4-wheel drive, hence the K and C5 Blazer and C and K10 pickup) would last only 4 model years, whereas the 2nd generation would last a whopping ''19'' model years. The C/K Blazer would eventually become the Tahoe in 1995, and would add a 4-door model (essentially a shortened [[Chevrolet Suburban|Suburban]]), but the Blazer name would continue on the compact S10-style Blazer in 1995 and continue with very little change until it was finally discontinued after 2005.

Here's a quick rundown on each generation:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:1969 Chevrolet Blazer-01 jpg.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Chevrolet Blazer'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Chevrolet]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1969-1972
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Full-Size SUV
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 3-Door Wagon
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 4000-4600 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 3-Speed Manual, RWD/4WD 4-Speed Manual, RWD/4WD 3-Speed Automatic, RWD/4WD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 4.1L (250 cid) I6 (1969-1972) 4.8L (292 cid) I6 (1970-1972) 5.0L (307 cid) V8 (1969-1972) 5.7L (350 cid) V8 (1969-1972)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 155-255 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[GMC Jimmy]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
|
|}

==1st Generation (1969-1972)==

The Blazer started out in 1969 on a shortened K10 pickup frame, and was basically [[GM]]'s answer to the [[Ford Bronco]], [[International Scout]] and the [[Jeep Cherokee]]/[[Jeep Wagoneer|Wagoneer]] series (and perhaps to a lesser extent the [[Jeep]] CJ series), but a big difference was that the Blazer (for the time being) was the only one of these besides the Cherokee/Wagoneer to share its body styling with its pickup-truck brother, something the Ford Bronco wouldn't do until 1978 (and something the Scout and CJ would ''never'' do). Platform-sharing would cut down on overall production costs and because of this, the Blazer had much more interior room than its competition... but it was also much larger on the outside, something hard-core off-roaders might have seen as a vice, because it might have had a harder time getting into some tight spots than a comparable Bronco or Scout might have.

First year Blazers were 4-wheel-drive only with a solid front axle and leaf springs front and rear, and all in this generation would have removable roofs. And since the Blazer was based on the K10, it naturally shared its drivetrains - base engine was a 4.1L (250 cid) I6, with a 5.0L (307 cid) V8 and 5.7L (350 cid) V8 as options. Transmissions included 3- and 4-speed manual transmissions, as well as a 3-speed automatic.

1970 models changed very little, but this year it gained a corporate [[GMC]] twin, known as the '''Jimmy'''. The Jimmy was a tad more upscale than the Blazer, the styling differed with a different nose (it had quad headlights versus the Blazer's dual setup) but it was otherwise identical. 2-wheel drive became standard this year (these were known as C5 Blazers) and had independent front suspension and rear trailing arms, with coil springs on both. A larger I6 became available, the 4.8L (292 cid) engine (reserved strictly for the truck line, this engine was not available in any GM car line).

By 1971, the Blazer (and Jimmy) were certified hits, as the buying public was apparently enamored with their rugged go-anywhere reputation and ability. The Blazer and Jimmy were hardly [[Cadillac]]s by any means, but they were definitely a step up in refinement and everyday liveability and not such beasts of burden than perhaps a comparable Jeep CJ might have been. Blazers got a new nose this year, the grille was now an eggcrate design with the parking lights below in the bumper versus beside the headlights like last year (the Jimmy would continue with its same styling). Drivetrain choices remained the same as in 1970, with the 350 V8 being the most popular engine choice, but front disc brakes would become standard issue this year. 1972s got very little change at all while an all new redesigned model (naturally based on the C/K pickups) would be introduced in 1973.

==Main Competitors==

*[[Ford Bronco]]
*[[International Scout]]
*[[Jeep Cherokee]] (SJ)
*[[Jeep]] CJ series

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:53217832 pr.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Chevrolet Blazer'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Chevrolet]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1973-1991
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Full-Size SUV
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 3-Door Wagon
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 184.8"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 79.6"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 73.8" (2WD) 76.8" (4WD)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 106.5"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 4200-4800 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 3-Speed Manual, RWD/4WD 4-Speed Manual, RWD/4WD 3-Speed Automatic, RWD/4WD 4-Speed Automatic, RWD/4WD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 4.1L (250 cid) I6 (1973-1984) 4.3L (262 cid) V6 (1985-1987) 4.8L (292 cid) I6 (1973-1984) 5.0L (305 cid) V8 (1976-1987) 5.0L (307 cid) V8 (1973) 5.7L (350 cid) V8 (1973-1991) 5.7L (350 cid) Diesel V8 (1980-1981) 6.2L (379 cid) Diesel V8 (1982-1991) 6.6L (400 cid) V8 (1975-1978)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 110-230 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[GMC Jimmy]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
|
|}

==2nd Generation (1973-1991)==

Blazers and Jimmys were all new this year, and would retain this same basic bodystyle for the next 19 model years. Again, Blazers and Jimmys had different grilles and the Jimmys were a little bit fancier than the Blazers were, but they would remain otherwise identical. Engine choices were the same as in the last generation, with the 350 again being the most popular choice, and it would remain so throughout this generation's tenure. All Blazers and Jimmys would have full instrumentation with an all-new wraparound dashboard which largely resembled the 1969-1972 [[Pontiac Grand Prix]]'s dash. Roofs were still removable, although this still remained a very tedious task and required at least a few people to do so - which is probably why topless Blazers were rare sights, even when they were new. 2- and 4-wheel drive configurations were still available, with the majority being 4-wheel drive.

1974 models barely changed at all other than the 307 V8 being dropped, but their competition grew as [[Chrysler]] got into the game this year with the new [[Dodge Ramcharger]] and [[Plymouth Trailduster]], which were based on the full size D150/W150 pickups like the Blazer was based on the C/K10 pickups. 1975 models got new grilles and a larger optional 6.6L (400 cid) small-block V8. Some would also get a catalytic converter, mandating the use of unleaded gasoline. 1976s were pretty much identical but no longer had their engine displacement announced on the grille, but a big difference was that the whole roof was no longer removable - the roof only was removable from aft of the doors (some referred to this as a ''half-cab'' design), leaving the front cockpit completely covered. A smaller 5.0L (305 cid) V8 debuted that year. Changes in 1977 were nil, 1978s got another new grille, and power windows and locks became available for the first time. [[Ford]] introduced an all-new full-size [[Ford Bronco|Bronco]] this year that was now based on the full size [[Ford F-150|F-150]] pickup, giving the Blazer and Jimmy some heady new competition. By 1979, all Blazers and Jimmys had catalytic converters but were otherwise largely unchanged from 1978. Both got a new grille in 1980, which included new rectangular headlights. Dashboard gauge graphics were revised and updated and all speedometers now read to 85 MPH. An unfortunate new engine option this year was the wretched [[Oldsmobile]]-built 350 diesel V8.

1981 Blazers and Jimmys got a minor front end restyle this year with a new nose, fenders and hood. Front grilles were changed for a second time in as many years, and upper-level Blazers and Jimmys could have stacked quad headlights. Parking lights were relocated to the bumper, and front side marker lights were now horizontal instead of vertical. Rear end styling, however, would stay the same as before. 305 and 350 gas engined models gained GM's all-new "electronic spark control", and 4-speed automatics became available on those engines. The biggest change for 1982 would be an all-new optional 6.2L (379 cid) diesel V8. This replaced the suicidal diesel 350, and was designed specifically for GM's truck line (the C/K pickups and [[Chevrolet Suburban|Suburban]]s naturally got this engine also). This year, Chevy built Blazers specifically for the U.S military forces, a testament to the Blazer's strength and longevity and ability to stand up to years of G.I. abuse. These were 4-wheel drive, minimally equipped and had either the gas 350 or diesel 6.2 V8, and would be sold thru 1987. While most have made their way to scrap yards or civilian hands, a handful are still in use by the military. Lesser Blazers and Jimmys continued, and drivetrain choices remained the 250 and 292 I6, 305 and 350 V8 and the diesel 6.2 V8. 4-speed manual transmissions were available on all but the diesel. 3-speed automatics were available on the I6s and mandatory on the diesel, the 305 and 350s had 4-speed automatics.

Blazers and Jimmys got new horizontally-slatted grilles in 1983, and the parking lights were moved from the bumper up beside the headlights. Upper models still had stacked quad rectangular headlights while lesser models still had dual rectangular units. 1984s were pretty much identical to the '83s, but '85 models got another new grille that got a body-colored horizontal divider on upper-level Blazers. The 250 and 292 I6 were both replaced with an all-new 4.3L (262 cid) V6. No changes in 1986, 1987 models got fuel injection (TBI) for the 350 V8. Despite now being 15 model years old, Blazers and Jimmys continued to be strong sellers for GM, and sales managed to hold their own against the [[Ford Bronco]] and [[Dodge Ramcharger]] competition (and even against the smaller S10 Blazer/S15 Jimmy).

1988 C/K pickups were all new (and now known as C/K1500 models on the GMT400 chassis), but the Blazer and Jimmy soldiered on with the previous bodystyle and differed little from the last year, and the 305 V8 was dropped, leaving the 350 as the only gas V8 (which was much more popular anyway). 1989 Blazers and Jimmys got new blacked-out grille and new "mini-quad" headlights patterned after the C/K1500 pickup design. It also inherited the C/K1500's 4-spoke steering wheel, and gained rear anti-lock brakes. 1990 models had no appreciable changes, and there weren't any to speak of for 1991 either, its final year in this iteration. After 19 years of this bodystyle... it was definitely time for an update.

==Main Competitors==

*[[Dodge Ramcharger]]
*[[Ford Bronco]]
*[[Jeep Cherokee]] (SJ)
*[[International Scout]]
*[[Plymouth Trailduster]]

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | {{{Image}}}
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Chevrolet Blazer'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Chevrolet]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1992-1994
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Full-Size SUV
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 3-Door Wagon
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 188"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 77.1"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 71" (2WD) 72.8" (4WD)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 111.5"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 4200-4800 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 5-Speed Manual, RWD/4WD 4-Speed Automatic, RWD/4WD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 5.7L (350 cid) V8 (1992-1994) 6.5L (395 cid) turbodiesel V8 (1994)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 180-210 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[GMC Jimmy]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| GMT400
|}

==3rd Generation (1992-1994)==

The Blazer and Jimmy (renamed [[GMC Yukon|Yukon]]) were now redesigned onto the new GMT400 truck platform this year that was the basis for the full size C/K1500 pickup truck. Wheelbase grew by 5 inches, overall length grew 3 inches, but they were a tad narrower than before. Rear roof sections were not removable any longer, these Blazers and Yukons were fully steel-roofed. 4-wheel anti-lock brakes were now standard, and the sole engine was the 210 hp 350 V8. A 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic transmission were available. Like the previous generation, 2- or 4-wheel drive models were available, with the majority being 4-wheel drive. 1993 models with automatic transmission got new electronic controls, and in 1994, an all-new 180 hp 6.5 (395 cid) turbo diesel V8 became an option, and they also got the new federally-mandated Center High Mounted Stop Lamp. Blazers would also get a thicker chrome horizontal center divider in the grille this year on upper-level models.

[[Dodge]] dropped the [[Dodge Ramcharger|Ramcharger]], permanently bowing out of the full-size race after 1993, so that left only the Blazer/Jimmy and [[Ford Bronco]] as the only full-size SUVs available... but as time would show, that would only be the tip of the iceberg, as the Blazer became the [[Chevrolet Tahoe|Tahoe]] in 1995 and added a 4-door model (although the Blazer and Jimmy names would live on as compact SUVs). Ford would follow suit 2 years later with its all-new Bronco replacement [[Ford Expedition|Expedition]] in 1997 - and as a result, these 3 models would end up being far more popular than their Blazer/Jimmy/Bronco predecessors could have ever imagined with the explosion in SUV sales in the late 1990s/early 2000s.

==Main Competitors==

*[[Dodge Ramcharger]]
*[[Ford Bronco]]

{{Chevrolet}}

Toyota ZZ engine

2008-05-04T11:54:29Z

Flash176: clean up

The '''[[Toyota]] ZZ engine family''' is a [[straight-4]] [[piston engine]] series. The ZZ series uses an aluminum engine block and aluminum [[DOHC]] [[multivalve|4-valve]] cylinder heads, a first for Toyota. The valve camshafts are chain driven. The two 1.8 L members of the family, the 1ZZ and 2ZZ, use different bore and stroke. The former was optimized for economy and torque, while the latter is a "square" design optimized for high-RPM power. The ZZ family replaced the extremely popular cast-iron ''[[Toyota A engine#4A|4A]]'' engines.

==1ZZ-FE==

The '''1ZZ-FE''' is a 1.8 L (1794 cc) version built in Buffalo, New York, and West Virginia. Its production in Cambridge, Ontario, was discontinued in December 2007. Bore is 79 mm and stroke is 91.5 mm. Output is 126 hp (97 kW) at 6000 RPM with 125 ft·lb (169 N·m) of torque at 4200 RPM. The cylinders of 1ZZ engines are lined with cast iron. It uses SFI [[fuel injection]], has [[VVT-i]] (on later versions), and features fracture-split forged powder metal connecting rods, a one-piece cast camshaft, and either a cast aluminum intake manifold or a molded plastic one.<ref>http://www.spyderchat.com/1zzfe.pdf 1ZZ-FE SAE technical paper from Toyota</ref>

Applications:
* [[Toyota Corolla]]
* [[Chevrolet Prizm]]
* [[Pontiac Vibe]]
* [[Toyota Celica]]
* [[Toyota Matrix]]
* [[Toyota Avensis]]
* [[Toyota Wish]]
* [[Toyota MR2]]
* [[Lotus Elise]]

==1ZZ-FED==

The '''1ZZ-FED''' is similar to the 1ZZ-FE but is built in Shimoyama, Japan. Output is 140 hp (104 kW) at 6400 RPM with 126 ft·lb (171 N·m) of torque at 4200 RPM. It features MFI [[fuel injection]], VVT-i, and light weight, cast aluminum rods.

Applications:
* [[Toyota Corolla]]
* [[Toyota Celica]] ''GT''
* [[Toyota MR2]] Spyder
* [[Toyota Wish]]1.8

==2ZZ-GE==
[[Image:Toyota_2ZZ-GE.JPG|thumb|200px|2ZZ-GE Engine in the Corolla XRS]]

The '''2ZZ-GE''' is a 1.8 L (1796 cc or 109.6 in³) version built in Japan. Bore is 82 mm (3.23") and the stroke is 85 mm (3.35"). It utilizes MFI fuel injection, has VVTL-i, and features forged steel connecting rods. The compression ratio is 11.5:1, necessitating "premium" gasoline (91 octane or above in the [[Octane_rating#Measurement_methods|(R+M)/2 scale]] used in North America <ref>"Band Wagons" - ''Motor Trend'', Chris Walton. May 2002</ref>). Power output for this engine varies depending on the vehicle and tuning, with the [[Lotus Elise]] and [[Lotus Exige]] offering 190 hp but the 2003 Toyota Corolla, Toyota Matrix, and [[Pontiac Vibe]] versions only developing 180 hp with all later years offering anywhere from 173 hp in 2004 to 164 hp in 2006 due to a recurved powerband. The differing power numbers from 2004 through 2006 are due to changes in [[dynamometer]] testing procedures. The Australian variant (Corolla Sportivo and Celica GTS) is 141 kW@7600 RPM and 181 N·m of torque due to noise regulations. (Toyota recalled them for a flash of the [[Powertrain_Control_Module|PCM]] to up their output to classify them in the more lenient "sports car" noise category.) The Corolla Compressor and Lotus Exige S add a [[supercharger]] to achieve 225 hp, while the Exige 240R's supercharger increases output to 240 hp.

Unique to the ZZ family, the 2ZZ-GE utilizes a dual camshaft profile system (the "L" in [[VVTL-i]], known by enthusiasts as "lift") to produce the added power without an increase in displacement or forced induction. This is similar in concept to Honda's [[i-VTEC]], but the two systems are very different in design and execution.

Excluding the 2003 MR2, the engine is also the only model in the ZZ engine family to use a six-speed manual transmission, as well as the only one to have been available with a four-speed [[Tiptronic]]-style automatic. These gearboxes were unique to this engine; since then, only a few Toyota engines have been paired with either a six-speed manual or a Tiptronic-style automatic (and only one other engine, the [[Toyota GR engine|4GR-FSE]], has received both).

[[Image:2zzge_oil_pump_lobes.jpg|thumb|200px|Disintegrated oil pump]]

Toyota commissioned Yamaha to design the 2ZZ-GE and it shares several similarities with [[Sportbike|street bike]] engines, the most notable being the relatively high RPM design. The high-output cam profile is not activated until approximately 6,200 rpm (the exact point of engagement is different depending on the vehicle, year, and PCM involved) and will not engage until the engine is sufficiently warmed up. The Toyota PCM electronically limits RPM to about 8200 RPM (or 8400 RPM in some earlier cars) via fuel and/or spark cut. Consequently, it's impossible to "over-rev" the engine with the throttle alone; a downshift from a higher gear must be involved. A typical "over-rev" can damage the oil pump, commonly disintegrating the lobe ring, resulting in damage similar to the picture at right. The oil pump is the Achilles heel of the 2ZZ, though incidents are rare and usually occur due to fault of the driver. Unfortunately, starving this particular design of oil is almost always fatal to the engine, even when caught quickly.

The engine will easily run at speeds of around 4,000 rpm for extended periods of time and is designed to periodically run at the 8,400 RPM redline without issue. For the first few years of production, the engines were notorious for failing "lift bolts". This didn't damage the engine, but would hamper performance, as the high output cam profile was unable to properly engage. Toyota fixed the problem in late 2002 with a redesigned bolt that was installed on later engines. Earlier engines with the problematic bolts can be fixed via a Toyota-issued [[Technical_Service_Bulletin|TSB]] simply requiring the new bolt to be installed in place of the old one.

Also, 2004 and newer Matrix and Corolla XRSes were sold with [[Secondary_air_injection|smog pumps]] and have an extra hole in the engine block and header where the "air" is extracted for induction into the intake.

Applications:
* [[Toyota Celica]] ''SS-II'' (Japan, 190 PS)
* [[Toyota Celica]] ''GT-S'' (USA, 180 hp)
* [[Toyota Celica]] ''190''/''T-Sport'' (UK, 189 hp)
* [[Toyota Corolla]] ''Sportivo'' (Australia, 189 hp/180 Nm)
* [[Toyota Corolla]] ''TS'' (Europe, 192 PS)
* [[Toyota Corolla]] ''Compressor '' (Europe, 225 PS)
* [[Toyota Corolla]] ''XRS'' (USA, 164 hp)
* [[Toyota Corolla|Toyota Corolla Fielder]] ''Z Aero Tourer'' (Japan, 190 PS)
* [[Toyota Corolla|Toyota Corolla Runx]] ''Z Aero Tourer'' (Japan, 190 PS)
* [[Toyota Matrix]] ''XRS'' (USA, 164-180 hp)
* [[Pontiac Vibe]] ''GT'' (USA, 164-180 hp)
* [[Lotus Elise]] (North America/UK, 190 hp)
* [[Lotus Exige]] (US/UK, 190 hp & 243 hp supercharged)

==3ZZ-FE==
The 3ZZ-FE is a 1.6 L (1598 cc) incarnation built in Japan. It is found in the Asian Toyota Corolla Altis, which is available in countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Taiwan and in the Toyota Corolla sedan sold in Sri Lanka. In South Africa the motor can be found in the Rux 160 and Corolla 160. The entire exterior design and chassis is the same as the American Corolla. Bore is 79 mm and the stroke is 81.5 mm. Maximum output is 109 hp (81 kW) @ 6000 RPM. Max torque is 111 ft-lb of torque (150 Nm) @ 3800 RPM.

Applications:
* [[Toyota Corolla]] (Europe, 109 hp)
* [[Toyota Corolla Altis]] ''1.6E'' (Asian, 110 hp)
* [[Toyota Corolla and RunX]] ''160'' (South African, 81 @ 6000 Kw and 146 @ 4400 Nm)

==4ZZ-FE==
The 4ZZ-FE is a 1.4 L (1398 cc) version. Bore is 79 mm and stroke is 71.3 mm. Output is 95 hp (71 kW) at 6000 RPM with 96 ft·lb (130 N·m) of torque at 4400 RPM.

Applications:
* [[Toyota Corolla]]
* [[Toyota Auris]]

=== References ===
{{reflist}}
* Citations of use in the 1ZZ-FE in the Toyota MR2: [http://www.sportcompactcarweb.com/projectcars/0610sccp_project_mr2_spyder/][http://www.toyotaimportsforum.co.uk/mr2/mrcmodels.htm]

==See also==

* [[List of Toyota engines]]
* [http://www.toysport.com/Technical%20Information/2ZZ-GE_tech_notes.htm ZZ-GE Tech Notes]

[[Category:Toyota engines|ZZ]]

File:2zzge oil pump lobes.jpg

2008-05-04T11:39:10Z

Flash176: http://dave.net.nz/toyspd/runx/IMAGE_009.jpg The image is of my oil pump, the image was taken with the camera in my cellphone. - Courtesy Dave.net.nz of wikipedia

http://dave.net.nz/toyspd/runx/IMAGE_009.jpg

The image is of my oil pump, the image was taken with the camera in my cellphone. - Courtesy Dave.net.nz of wikipedia

File:Toyota 2ZZ-GE.JPG

2008-05-04T11:33:34Z

Flash176: Toyota 2ZZ-GE engine in a 2005-2006 Corolla XRS.

Toyota 2ZZ-GE engine in a 2005-2006 Corolla XRS.

Toyota ZZ engine

2008-05-04T10:50:09Z

Flash176: brought over from wikipedia

The '''[[Toyota]] ZZ engine family''' is a [[straight-4]] [[piston engine]] series. The ZZ series uses an aluminum engine block and aluminum [[DOHC]] [[multivalve|4-valve]] cylinder heads, a first for Toyota. The valve camshafts are chain driven. The two 1.8 L members of the family, the 1ZZ and 2ZZ, use different bore and stroke. The former was optimized for economy and torque, while the latter is a "square" design optimized for high-RPM power. The ZZ family replaced the extremely popular cast-iron ''[[Toyota A engine#4A|4A]]'' engines.

==1ZZ-FE==

The '''1ZZ-FE''' is a 1.8 L (1794 cc) version built in [[Buffalo]] and [[West Virginia]]. Its production in [[Cambridge, Ontario]] was discontinued in December 2007. Bore is 79 mm and stroke is 91.5 mm. Output is 126 hp (97 kW) at 6000 rpm with 125 ft·lb (169 N·m) of torque at 4200 rpm. The cylinders of 1ZZ engines are lined with cast iron. It uses SFI [[fuel injection]], has [[VVT-i]] (on later versions) and features fracture-split forged powder metal connecting rods, a one-piece cast camshaft, and either a cast aluminum intake manifold or a molded plastic one.<ref>http://www.spyderchat.com/1zzfe.pdf 1ZZ-FE SAE technical paper from Toyota</ref>

Applications:
* [[Toyota Corolla]]
* [[Chevrolet Prizm]]
* [[Pontiac Vibe]]
* [[Toyota Celica]]
* [[Toyota Matrix]]
* [[Toyota Avensis]]
* [[Toyota Wish]]
* [[Toyota MR2]]
* [[Lotus Elise]]

==1ZZ-FED==

The '''1ZZ-FED''' is similar to the 1ZZ-FE but is built in [[Shimoyama, Aichi|Shimoyama, Japan]]. Output is 140 hp (104 kW) at 6400 rpm with 126 ft·lb (171 N·m) of torque at 4200 rpm. It uses MFI [[fuel injection]], [[VVT-i]] and light weight, cast rods.

Applications:
* [[Toyota Corolla]]
* [[Toyota Celica]] ''GT''
* [[Toyota MR2]] Spyder
* [[Toyota Wish]]1.8

==2ZZ-GE==
[[Image:Toyota_2ZZ-GE.JPG|thumb|200px|2ZZ-GE Engine in the Corolla XRS]]
The '''2ZZ-GE''' is a 1.8 L (1796cc or 109.6 in³) version built in [[Japan]]. Bore is 82mm (3.23") and the stroke is 85mm (3.35"). It uses MFI [[fuel injection]], has [[VVTL-i]], and features forged steel connecting rods. Compression ratio is 11.5:1, necessitating "premium" gasoline (91 octane or above in the [[Octane_rating#Measurement_methods|(R+M)/2 scale]] used in North America<ref>"Band Wagons" - ''Motor Trend'', Chris Walton. May 2002</ref>). Power output for this engine varies depending on the vehicle and tuning, with the [[Lotus Elise]] and [[Lotus Exige]] offering {{Convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} but the 2003 [[Toyota Corolla]], [[Toyota Matrix]], and [[Pontiac Vibe]]versions only developing 180 hp with all later years offering anywhere from 173 hp in 2004 to 164 hp in 2006 due to a recurved powerband. The differing power numbers from 2004 through 2006 are due to changes in [[dynamometer]] testing procedures. The Australian variant (Corolla Sportivo and Celica GTS) is 141 kW@7600 and 181N·m Torque due to noise regulations. ([[Toyota]] recalled them for a flash of the [[Powertrain_Control_Module|PCM]] to up their output to classify them in the more lenient "sports car" noise category.) The Corolla Compressor and Lotus Exige S add a [[supercharger]] to achieve {{Convert|225|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, while the Exige 240R's supercharger increases output to {{Convert|240|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}.

Unique to the ZZ family, the 2ZZ-GE utilizes a dual camshaft profile system (the "L" in [[VVTL-i]], known by enthusiasts as "lift") to produce the added power without an increase in displacement or forced induction. This is similar in concept to Honda's [[i-VTEC]], but the two systems are very different in design and execution.

Excluding the 2003 MR2, the engine is also the only model in the ZZ engine family to use a six-speed manual transmission, as well as the only one to have been available with a four-speed [[Tiptronic]]-style automatic. These gearboxes were unique to this engine; since then, only a few Toyota engines have been paired with either a six-speed manual or a Tiptronic-style automatic (and only one other engine, the [[Toyota GR engine|4GR-FSE]], has received both).

[[Image:2zzge_oil_pump_lobes.jpg|thumb|200px|Disintegrated oil pump]]

Toyota commissioned Yamaha to design the 2ZZ-GE and it shares several similarities with [[Sportbike|street bike]] engines, the most notable being the relatively high RPM design. The high-output cam profile is not activated until approximately 6,200 rpm (the exact point of engagement is different depending on the vehicle, year, and PCM involved) and will not engage until the engine is sufficiently warmed up. The Toyota PCM electronically limits RPM to about 8200 RPM (or 8400 RPM in some earlier cars) via fuel and/or spark cut. Consequently, it's impossible to "over-rev" the engine with the throttle alone; a downshift from a higher gear must be involved. A typical "over-rev" can damage the oil pump, commonly disintegrating the lobe ring, resulting in damage similar to the picture at right. The oil pump is the [[Achilles%27_heel|Achilles heel]] of the 2ZZ, though incidents are rare and usually occur due to fault of the driver. Unfortunately, starving this particular design of oil is almost always fatal to the engine, even when caught quickly.

The engine will easily run at speeds of around 4,000 rpm for extended periods of time and is designed to periodically run at the 8,400 RPM redline without issue. For the first few years of production, the engines were notorious for failing "lift bolts". This didn't damage the engine, but would hamper performance, as the high output cam profile was unable to properly engage. Toyota fixed the problem in late 2002 with a redesigned bolt that was installed on later engines. Earlier engines with the problematic bolts can be fixed via a Toyota-issued [[Technical_Service_Bulletin|TSB]] simply requiring the new bolt to be installed in place of the old one.

Also, 2004 and newer Matrix and Corolla XRSes were sold with [[Secondary_air_injection|smog pumps]] and have an extra hole in the engine block and header where the "air" is extracted for induction into the intake.

Applications:
* [[Toyota Celica]] ''SS-II'' (Japan, 190 PS)
* [[Toyota Celica]] ''GT-S'' (USA, 180 hp)
* [[Toyota Celica]] ''190''/''T-Sport'' (UK, 189 hp)
* [[Toyota Corolla]] ''Sportivo'' (Australia, {{Convert|189|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}/180 Nm)
* [[Toyota Corolla]] ''TS'' (Europe, 192 PS)
* [[Toyota Corolla]] ''Compressor '' (Europe, 225 PS)
* [[Toyota Corolla]] ''XRS'' (USA, 164 hp)
* [[Toyota Corolla|Toyota Corolla Fielder]] ''Z Aero Tourer'' (Japan, 190 PS)
* [[Toyota Corolla|Toyota Corolla Runx]] ''Z Aero Tourer'' (Japan, 190 PS)
* [[Toyota Matrix]] ''XRS'' (USA, 164-180 hp)
* [[Pontiac Vibe]] ''GT'' (USA, 164-180 hp)
* [[Lotus Elise]] (North America/UK, 190 hp)
* [[Lotus Exige]] (US/UK, 190 hp & 243 hp [supercharged])

==3ZZ-FE==
The 3ZZ-FE is a 1.6 L (1598 cc) incarnation built in [[Japan]]. It is found in the Asian Toyota Corolla Altis which is available in countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Taiwan and in the Toyota Corolla sedan sold in Sri Lanka. In South Africa the motor can be found in the Rux 160 and Corolla 160. The entire exterior design and chassis is the same as the American Corolla. Bore is 79.0 mm and the stroke is 81.5 mm. Max. output is 109 hp (81 kW) @ 6000 [[rpm]]. Max. torque is {{Auto ft.lb|111|0}}. of torque (150 Nm) @ 3800 [[rpm]].

Applications:
* [[Toyota Corolla]] (Europe, 109 hp)
* [[Toyota Corolla Altis]] ''1.6E'' (Asian, 110 hp)
* [[Toyota Corolla and RunX]] ''160'' (South African, 81 @ 6000Kw and 146 @ 4400Nm)

==4ZZ-FE==
The 4ZZ-FE is a 1.4 L (1398 cc) version. Bore is 79.0 mm and stroke is 71.3 mm. Output is 95 hp (71 kW) at 6000 rpm with 96 ft·lb (130 N·m) of torque at 4400 rpm.

Applications:
* [[Toyota Corolla]]
* [[Toyota Auris]]

=== References ===
{{reflist}}
* Citations of use in the 1ZZ-FE in the Toyota MR2: [http://www.sportcompactcarweb.com/projectcars/0610sccp_project_mr2_spyder/][http://www.toyotaimportsforum.co.uk/mr2/mrcmodels.htm]

==See also==

* [[List of Toyota engines]]
* [http://www.toysport.com/Technical%20Information/2ZZ-GE_tech_notes.htm ZZ-GE Tech Notes]

[[Category:Toyota engines|ZZ]]

List of Toyota engines

2008-05-04T10:48:52Z

Flash176:

[[Toyota_ZZ_engine|ZZ Family]]

Template:Toyota

2008-05-04T10:36:22Z

Flash176: section

{{Automotive navigational box |
|Image = [[Image:Toyota-yaris-logo.jpg|160px]]
|Marque = [[Toyota|TOYOTA]]
|1 = {{Toyota Motor Corporation}}
|Body = '''Current'''

'''Cars:''' [[Toyota Allion|Allion]] · [[Toyota Aurion|Aurion]] · [[Toyota Auris|Auris]] · [[Toyota Avalon|Avalon]] · [[Toyota Avensis|Avensis]] · [[Toyota Aygo|Aygo]] · [[Toyota bB|bB]] · [[Toyota Belta|Belta]] · [[Toyota Blade|Blade]] · [[Toyota Brevis|Brevis]] · [[Toyota Caldina|Caldina]] · [[Toyota Camry|Camry]] · [[Toyota Camry Hybrid|Camry Hybrid]] · [[Toyota Camry Solara|Camry Solara]] · [[Toyota Century|Century]] · [[Toyota Corolla|Corolla]] · [[Toyota Crown|Crown]] · [[Toyota Ist|Ist]] · [[Toyota Matrix|Matrix]] · [[Toyota Mark II Blit|Mark II Blit]] · [[Toyota Mark X|Mark X]] · [[Toyota MR2|MR2]] · [[Toyota Passo|Passo]] · [[Toyota Porte|Porte]] · [[Toyota Premio|Premio]] · [[Toyota Prius|Prius]] · [[Toyota Progres|Pregrés]] · [[Toyota Ractis|Ractis]] · [[Toyota Mark X|Reiz]] · [[Toyota Vios|Vios]] · [[Toyota Vitz|Vitz]] · [[Toyota Yaris|Yaris]] · [[Toyota Urban Cruiser|Urban Cruiser]]

'''Vans/SUVs:''' [[Toyota 4Runner|4Runner]] · [[Toyota Alphard|Alphard]] · [[Toyota Avanza|Avanza]] · [[Toyota Estima|Estima]] · [[Toyota Fortuner|Fortuner]] · [[Toyota FJ Cruiser|FJ Cruiser]] · [[Toyota Harrier|Harrier]] · [[Toyota Hiace|Hiace]] · [[Toyota Highlander|Highlander]] · [[Toyota Highlander Hybrid|Highlander Hybrid]] · [[Toyota Hilux Surf|Hilux Surf]] · [[Toyota Fortuner|Hilux SW4]] · [[Toyota Innova|Innova]] · [[Toyota Ipsum|Ipsum]] · [[Toyota Isis|Isis]] · [[Toyota Kluger|Kluger]] · [[Toyota Land Cruiser|Land Cruiser]] · [[Toyota Liteace|Liteace]] · [[Toyota Mega Cruiser|Mega Cruiser]] · [[Toyota Noah|Noah]] · [[Toyota RAV4|RAV4]] · [[Toyota Rush|Rush]] · [[Toyota Sequoia|Sequoia]] · [[Toyota Sienna|Sienna]] · [[Toyota Sienta|Sienta]] · [[Toyota Previa|Tarago]] · [[Toyota Vanguard|Vanguard]] · [[Toyota Venza|Venza]] · [[Toyota Voxy|Voxy]] · [[Toyota Wish|Wish]] · [[Toyota Mark X ZiO 1|Mark X ZiO 1]] · [[Toyota Corolla Rumion|Corolla Rumion]]

'''Trucks:''' [[Toyota Dyna|Dyna]] · [[Toyota Hilux|Hilux]] · [[Toyota QuickDelivery|QuickDelivery]] · [[Toyota Tacoma|Tacoma]] · [[Toyota Tundra|Tundra]]

'''Historic'''

'''Cars:''' [[Toyota 2000GT|2000 GT]] · [[Toyota AE86|AE86]] · [[Lexus IS|Altezza]] · [[Lexus GS|Aristo]] · [[Toyota Carina|Carina]] · [[Toyota Celica|Celica]] · [[Lexus LS|Celsior]] · [[Toyota Corona|Corona]] · [[Toyota Cressida|Cressida]] · [[Toyota Platz|Echo]] · [[Toyota MR2|MR2]] · [[Toyota MR-S|MR-S]] · [[Toyota Paseo|Paseo]] · [[Toyota Soarer|Soarer]] · [[Toyota Starlet|Starlet]] · [[Toyota Supra|Supra]] · [[Toyota Tercel|Tercel]] · [[Toyota Vista|Vista]] · [[Lexus ES|Windom]] · [[Toyota WiLL|WiLL Cypha · WiLL Vi · WiLL VS]]

'''Vans/SUVs:''' [[Toyota FJ40|FJ40]] · [[Toyota LandCruiser 70 Series|FJ70]] · [[Toyota Previa|Previa]] · [[Toyota Van|Van]] · [[Toyota Tamaraw|Tamaraw / Kijang]]

'''Trucks:''' [[Toyota T100|T100]]

'''Racing Vehicles'''

 [[Toyota GT-One|GT-One]] · [[Toyota TF108|TF108]]

'''Concept Vehicles'''

 [[Toyota FT-HS|FT-HS]] · [[Toyota Hybrid X|Hybrid X]] · [[Toyota PM|PM]] · [[Toyota Endo|Endo]] · [[Toyota FTX|FTX]] · [[Toyota Flexible Saloon Concept|FSC]] · [[Toyota iQ Concept|iQ]] · [[Toyota FT-MV Concept|FT-MV Concept]] · [[Toyota i-REAL Concept|i-REAL Concept]] · [[Toyota Hi-CT Concept|Hi-CT Concept]] · [[Toyota RiN Concept|RiN Concept]] · [[Toyota 1/X Concept|1/X Concept]] · [[Toyota Crown Hybrid Concept|Crown Hybrid Concept]] · [[Toyota Biomobile Concept|Biomobile Concept]] · [[Toyota A-BAT Concept|A-BAT Concept]] · [[Toyota TRD Hilux Concept|TRD Hilux Concept]]

|Notables = [[List of Toyota engines|Engines]] · [[List of Toyota transmissions|Transmissions]]
|edit = Template:Toyota
|Founder/s = [[Sakichi Toyoda]]
|Corporate website = [http://www.toyota.com/ Corporate website]
|Parent =''[[Toyota|A division of the Toyota Motor Corporation]]''
}}
<noinclude>
[[Category:Automotive navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]
</noinclude>

Template:Toyota

2008-05-04T10:31:45Z

Flash176: fix name

{{Automotive navigational box |
|Image = [[Image:Toyota-yaris-logo.jpg|160px]]
|Marque = [[Toyota|TOYOTA]]
|1 = {{Toyota Motor Corporation}}
|Body = '''Current'''

'''Cars:''' [[Toyota Allion|Allion]] · [[Toyota Aurion|Aurion]] · [[Toyota Auris|Auris]] · [[Toyota Avalon|Avalon]] · [[Toyota Avensis|Avensis]] · [[Toyota Aygo|Aygo]] · [[Toyota bB|bB]] · [[Toyota Belta|Belta]] · [[Toyota Blade|Blade]] · [[Toyota Brevis|Brevis]] · [[Toyota Caldina|Caldina]] · [[Toyota Camry|Camry]] · [[Toyota Camry Hybrid|Camry Hybrid]] · [[Toyota Camry Solara|Camry Solara]] · [[Toyota Century|Century]] · [[Toyota Corolla|Corolla]] · [[Toyota Crown|Crown]] · [[Toyota Ist|Ist]] · [[Toyota Matrix|Matrix]] · [[Toyota Mark II Blit|Mark II Blit]] · [[Toyota Mark X|Mark X]] · [[Toyota MR2|MR2]] · [[Toyota Passo|Passo]] · [[Toyota Porte|Porte]] · [[Toyota Premio|Premio]] · [[Toyota Prius|Prius]] · [[Toyota Progres|Pregrés]] · [[Toyota Ractis|Ractis]] · [[Toyota Mark X|Reiz]] · [[Toyota Vios|Vios]] · [[Toyota Vitz|Vitz]] · [[Toyota Yaris|Yaris]] · [[Toyota Urban Cruiser|Urban Cruiser]]

'''Vans/SUVs:''' [[Toyota 4Runner|4Runner]] · [[Toyota Alphard|Alphard]] · [[Toyota Avanza|Avanza]] · [[Toyota Estima|Estima]] · [[Toyota Fortuner|Fortuner]] · [[Toyota FJ Cruiser|FJ Cruiser]] · [[Toyota Harrier|Harrier]] · [[Toyota Hiace|Hiace]] · [[Toyota Highlander|Highlander]] · [[Toyota Highlander Hybrid|Highlander Hybrid]] · [[Toyota Hilux Surf|Hilux Surf]] · [[Toyota Fortuner|Hilux SW4]] · [[Toyota Innova|Innova]] · [[Toyota Ipsum|Ipsum]] · [[Toyota Isis|Isis]] · [[Toyota Kluger|Kluger]] · [[Toyota Land Cruiser|Land Cruiser]] · [[Toyota Liteace|Liteace]] · [[Toyota Mega Cruiser|Mega Cruiser]] · [[Toyota Noah|Noah]] · [[Toyota RAV4|RAV4]] · [[Toyota Rush|Rush]] · [[Toyota Sequoia|Sequoia]] · [[Toyota Sienna|Sienna]] · [[Toyota Sienta|Sienta]] · [[Toyota Previa|Tarago]] · [[Toyota Vanguard|Vanguard]] · [[Toyota Venza|Venza]] · [[Toyota Voxy|Voxy]] · [[Toyota Wish|Wish]] · [[Toyota Mark X ZiO 1|Mark X ZiO 1]] · [[Toyota Corolla Rumion|Corolla Rumion]]

'''Trucks:''' [[Toyota Dyna|Dyna]] · [[Toyota Hilux|Hilux]] · [[Toyota QuickDelivery|QuickDelivery]] · [[Toyota Tacoma|Tacoma]] · [[Toyota Tundra|Tundra]]

'''Historic'''

'''Cars:''' [[Toyota 2000GT|2000 GT]] · [[Toyota AE86|AE86]] · [[Lexus IS|Altezza]] · [[Lexus GS|Aristo]] · [[Toyota Carina|Carina]] · [[Toyota Celica|Celica]] · [[Lexus LS|Celsior]] · [[Toyota Corona|Corona]] · [[Toyota Cressida|Cressida]] · [[Toyota Platz|Echo]] · [[Toyota MR2|MR2]] · [[Toyota Paseo|Paseo]] · [[Toyota Soarer|Soarer]] · [[Toyota Starlet|Starlet]] · [[Toyota Supra|Supra]] · [[Toyota Tercel|Tercel]] · [[Toyota Vista|Vista]] · [[Lexus ES|Windom]] · [[Toyota WiLL|WiLL Cypha · WiLL Vi · WiLL VS]]

'''Vans/SUVs:''' [[Toyota FJ40|FJ40]] · [[Toyota LandCruiser 70 Series|FJ70]] · [[Toyota Previa|Previa]] · [[Toyota Van|Van]] · [[Toyota Tamaraw|Tamaraw / Kijang]]

'''Trucks:''' [[Toyota T100|T100]]

'''Racing Vehicles'''

 [[Toyota GT-One|GT-One]] · [[Toyota TF108|TF108]]

'''Concept Vehicles'''

 [[Toyota FT-HS|FT-HS]] · [[Toyota Hybrid X|Hybrid X]] · [[Toyota PM|PM]] · [[Toyota Endo|Endo]] · [[Toyota FTX|FTX]] · [[Toyota Flexible Saloon Concept|FSC]] · [[Toyota iQ Concept|iQ]] · [[Toyota FT-MV Concept|FT-MV Concept]] · [[Toyota i-REAL Concept|i-REAL Concept]] · [[Toyota Hi-CT Concept|Hi-CT Concept]] · [[Toyota RiN Concept|RiN Concept]] · [[Toyota 1/X Concept|1/X Concept]] · [[Toyota Crown Hybrid Concept|Crown Hybrid Concept]] · [[Toyota Biomobile Concept|Biomobile Concept]] · [[Toyota A-BAT Concept|A-BAT Concept]] · [[Toyota TRD Hilux Concept|TRD Hilux Concept]]

|Notables = [[List of Toyota engines|Engines]] · [[List of Toyota transmissions|Transmissions]]
|edit = Template:Toyota
|Founder/s = [[Sakichi Toyoda]]
|Corporate website = [http://www.toyota.com/ Corporate website]
|Parent =''[[Toyota|A division of the Toyota Motor Corporation]]''
}}
<noinclude>
[[Category:Automotive navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]
</noinclude>