Red marquis at 17:15, 23 June 2010

2010-06-23T17:15:47Z

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	{{Racing Car Infobox \|		{{Racing Car Infobox \|
	\|Image = ~~'''place image here in 300 pixels'''~~		\|Image = [[Image:Lotus 88small.jpg]]
	\|Category = [[Formula One]]		\|Category = [[Formula One]]
	\|Marque/Constructor = [[Lotus]]		\|Marque/Constructor = [[Lotus]]
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	==Gallery==		==Gallery==
	<gallery>		<gallery>
			Image:Lotus 88.jpg
	</gallery>		</gallery>
	{{-}}		{{-}}

Red marquis at 17:07, 23 June 2010

2010-06-23T17:07:51Z

New page

{{Racing Car Infobox |
|Image = '''place image here in 300 pixels'''
|Category = [[Formula One]]
|Marque/Constructor = [[Lotus]]
|Chassis = Twin-chassis construction
|Front Suspension = Top rocker arms, lower wishbones, inboard springs
|Rear Suspension = ''As front''
|Engine = 3.0 litre (2993 cc) [[Cosworth DFV]] [[V8]]
|Power = N/A hp @ N/A rpm N/A lb-ft. of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Transmission = 5-speed Lotus/[[Hewland]] [[Manual]]
|Fuel =
|Tyres = [[Michelin]]/[[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear]]
|Notable Entrants = [[Team Lotus|Team Essex Lotus]]
|Notable Drivers = 11. [[Elio de Angelis]] 12. [[Nigel Mansell]]
|Debut = [[1981 United States Grand Prix West]]
|Races Competed = 0
|Race Victories = 0
|Constructor's Championships = 0
|Driver's Championships = 0
|Pole Positions = 0
|Fastest Laps = 0
|Designer = [[Colin Chapman]] [[Peter Wright]] [[Tony Rudd]] [[Martin Ogilvie]]
}}
The '''Lotus 88''' was an innovative [[ground effect in cars|ground effect]] [[Formula One]] car designed by [[Colin Chapman]], [[Peter Wright F1|Peter Wright]], [[Tony Rudd]] and [[Martin Ogilvie]] of [[Team Lotus|Lotus]] as a response to technical regulations introduced in 1981 by the [[FIA]] to curb the ground effects cars.

==History==

By 1981 the ground effects cars were so efficient and so fast that the drivers were suffering from the tremendous ''g''-forces involved in cornering and braking. The FIA banned the moveable skirts fitted to the bottom of the cars' sidepods that were vital for achieving consistent ground effect and regulated a mandatory ground clearance of 6 cm, in the interests of driver safety. The [[Brabham]] team were the first to circumvent the rules using [[hydropneumatic suspension]] systems which compressed under aerodynamic loading and lowered the [[Brabham BT49]] onto the track. This had the side effect of rendering the car without any sort of suspension, causing the driver to be buffeted even more than before. However, the performance gains were such that other teams were soon following suit - although most had difficulty in replicating the Brabham system and used a simple switch to lower the car. Chapman had other ideas.

The earlier Lotus 86 had been designed at the time when skirts were still legal, in the same layout as the 88 but only one prototype had been built. The performance gains were relatively small but significant over conventional ground effects cars. When the skirts were banned, Wright studied the car and its performance without skirts. The loss in performance was largely negligible, so the 88 was quickly designed as a re-engineered 86. The 88 used an ingenious system of having a twin chassis, one inside the other. The inner chassis would hold the cockpit and would be independently sprung from the outer one, which was designed to take the pressures of the ground effects. The outer chassis did not have discernible wings, and was in effect one huge ground effect system, beginning just behind the nose of the car and extending all the way inside the rear wheels, thereby producing massive amounts of downforce. The car was powered by the [[Ford Cosworth DFV]] engine. Lotus drivers [[Nigel Mansell]] and [[Elio de Angelis]] reported the car was pleasing to drive and responsive. To make the aerodynamic loads as manageable as possible, the car was constructed extensively in carbon fibre, making it along with the [[McLaren MP4/1]] the first car to use the material in large quantity.

Other teams were outraged at this exploitation of the regulations and protests were lodged with the FIA, on the grounds that the twin chassis tub breached the rules in terms of moveable aerodynamic devices. The FIA upheld the protests and consequently banned the car from competing. Chapman was adamant the car was legal and challenged the other teams and the FIA at every turn, but the decision stood. Chapman was forced to update two of his Lotus 87 chassis as replacements for his thwarted brainchild. The Lotus 88 therefore remains a curiosity from a bygone age of F1. Some of the 88's aerodynamics and layout were worked into the successful [[Lotus 91]] which followed in 1982.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
</gallery>
{{-}}

==Complete Racing Results==
([[:Template:F1 driver results legend 2|key]]) (Results in '''bold''' indicate pole position; results in ''italics'' indicate fastest lap.)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"
! Year
! Entrant
! Engine(s)
! Tyres
! Drivers
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! 11
! 12
! 13
! 14
! 15
! Points
! WCC
|-
|rowspan="3"| {{F1|1981}}
|rowspan="3"| [[Team Lotus|Essex Team Lotus]] [[Team Lotus|John Player Team Lotus]]
|rowspan="3"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] 3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
|rowspan="3"| {{Michelin}}{{Goodyear}}
|
| [[1981 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]
| [[1981 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
| [[1981 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
| [[1981 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]
| [[1981 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
| [[1981 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
| [[1981 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
| [[1981 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
| [[1981 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
| [[1981 German Grand Prix|GER]]
| [[1981 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
| [[1981 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
| [[1981 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
| [[1981 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
| [[1981 Caesars Palace Grand Prix|CPL]]
|rowspan="3"| '''22*'''
|rowspan="3"| '''7th*'''
|-
| [[Elio de Angelis]]
|bgcolor="#F1F8FF"| PO
|bgcolor="#F1F8FF"| PO
|bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| DNP
|
|
|
|
|
|bgcolor="#F1F8FF"| PO
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Nigel Mansell]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|bgcolor="#F1F8FF"| PO
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> Includes points scored by other Lotus chassis.
* 'PO' means "Practice only"

==Notes and references==

==See Also==

*[[Lotus 78]]
*[[Brabham BT46|Brabham BT46B]]

{{Lotus}}
{{F1 cars 1981}}

==External links==
{{commonscat}}

Please include any external sites that were used in collaborating this data, including manufacturer sites, in this section.

'''''News and References'''''
*[http://www.f1technical.net/f1db/cars/473 Lotus 88 article at www.f1technical.net]

'''''Enthusiast Sites and Discussion Forums'''''

[[Category:Lotus vehicles|88]]
[[Category:Lotus Formula One cars|Lotus 088]]
[[Category:1981 Formula One season cars]]
[[Category:Formula One cars that never raced|Lotus 088]]

Lotus 88 - Revision history

Red marquis at 17:15, 23 June 2010

Red marquis at 17:07, 23 June 2010