Red marquis at 17:42, 25 October 2010

2010-10-25T17:42:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:42, 25 October 2010
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	~~#REDIRECT~~ [[~~Wikicars~~' ~~Anti~~-~~Spam HQ~~]]		'''Open-wheel car''', '''formula car''', or often '''single-seater car''' in British English, describes cars with the wheels outside the car's main body and, in most cases, one seat. Open-wheel cars contrast with street cars, [[sports car racing\|sports car]]s, [[stock car racing\|stock car]]s, and [[touring car racing\|touring cars]], which have their wheels below the body or fenders. Open-wheel cars are usually built specifically for racing, frequently with a higher degree of technological sophistication than in other forms of motor sport.

			==Design==
			A typical open-wheeler has a minimal cockpit sufficient only to enclose the driver's body, with the head exposed to the air. In modern cars the engine is often located directly behind the driver, and drives the rear wheels. Depending on the rules of the class, many types of open-wheelers have [[Spoiler (automotive)\|wings]] at the front and rear of the vehicle, as well as a very low and virtually flat [[undertray]] that helps achieve additional aerodynamic downforce pushing the car on to the road.

			Some major races, such as the [[Monaco Grand Prix]] (sanctioned by [[Formula One]]) and the [[Long Beach Grand Prix]] (sanctioned by the [[Indy Racing League\|IRL]]), are held on temporary [[street circuit]]s. However, most open-wheel races are on dedicated [[road course]]s, such as [[Watkins Glen International]] in the US, [[Nürburgring]] in Germany, and the [[Bahrain International Circuit]] in the Middle East. In the United States some top-level open wheel events are held on ovals, of both short track and superspeedway variety, with an emphasis being placed more on speed and endurance than the manueverability inherently required by road and street course events. The most famous and most well-attended oval race in the world is the annual [[Indianapolis 500]] (Indy 500) in Speedway, Indiana, sanctioned by the IRL; in the United States, it is common to refer to open-wheel cars as Indy Cars because of their recognizable appearance at the Indy 500.

			==Driving==
			Open-wheeled racing is among the fastest in the world. Formula 1 cars reach 360 kilometres per hour (220 mph) at [[Autodromo Nazionale Monza]], Antônio Pizzonia of BMW Williams F1 team recorded a top speed of 369.9 kilometres per hour (229.8 mph) in the [[2004 Italian Grand Prix]]. [[BAR Honda]] team recorded an average top speed of 400 kilometres per hour (250 mph) in 2006 at [[Bonneville Salt Flats]] with unofficial top speed reaching 413 kilometres per hour (257 mph) using modified [[BAR 007]] Formula 1 car. Speeds on ovals can range in constant excess of 210–220 miles per hour (340–350 km/h), and at Indianapolis in excess of 230 miles per hour (370 km/h). In 1996, [[Paul Tracy]] recorded a trap speed of 256.948 miles per hour (413.518 km/h) at [[Michigan Speedway\|Michigan International Speedway.]] In 2000, [[Gil de Ferran]] set the one-lap qualifying record of 241.426 miles per hour (388.537 km/h) at [[California Speedway]]. Even on tight non-oval street circuits such as the [[Grand Prix of Toronto]], open-wheel Champ Cars attain speeds of 190 miles per hour (310 km/h).

			Driving an open-wheel car is substantially different from driving a car with fenders. Virtually all Formula One drivers spent some time in various open-wheel categories before joining the F1 ranks. Open-wheel vehicles, due to their light weight, aerodynamic capabilities, and powerful engines, are often considered the fastest racing vehicles available and among the most challenging to master. Wheel-to-wheel contact is dangerous, particularly when the forward edge of one tire contacts the rear of another tire, resulting in the vehicle being suddenly and powerfully flung upwards. An example of this is the 2005 Chicagoland crash of [[Ryan Briscoe]] with [[Alex Barron (driver)\|Alex Barron]].

			The lower weight of an open wheel racecar allows for better performance. While the exposure of the wheels to the airstream causes a very high aerodynamic drag at high speeds, it allows improved cooling of the brakes, which is important on road courses with their frequent changes of pace.

			{{Class of Auto racing}}
			{{vehicle-stub}}

			[[Category:Open wheel racing\|*]]
			[[Category:Open wheel racing cars\| ]]

Red marquis at 12:10, 17 June 2008

2008-06-17T12:10:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:10, 17 June 2008
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Open wheel car - Revision history

Red marquis at 17:42, 25 October 2010

Red marquis at 12:10, 17 June 2008

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