V12 - Revision history

Red marquis at 11:35, 29 October 2008

2008-10-29T11:35:19Z

Red marquis at 11:20, 29 October 2008

2008-10-29T11:20:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:20, 29 October 2008
Line 10:		Line 10:
	In [[automobiles]], V12 engines have never been common due to their complexity and cost. They are used almost exclusively in expensive sports cars and luxury cars and are sought after for their power and relatively vibration-free operation.		In [[automobiles]], V12 engines have never been common due to their complexity and cost. They are used almost exclusively in expensive sports cars and luxury cars and are sought after for their power and relatively vibration-free operation.

	Prior to [[World War II]], twelve-cylinder engines were found in many luxury models, including cars from [[Cadillac ~~(automobile)~~\|Cadillac]], [[Packard]], [[Lincoln ~~(automobile)~~\|Lincoln]], [[Franklin ~~(automobile)~~\|Franklin]], [[Rolls-Royce Limited\|Rolls-Royce]], and [[Hispano-Suiza]]. Packard's [[1912]] "Double Six" is widely regarded as [[list of automotive superlatives\|the first]] production V12 engine.		Prior to World War II, twelve-cylinder engines were found in many luxury models, including cars from [[Cadillac\|Cadillac]], [[Packard]], [[Lincoln\|Lincoln]], [[Franklin\|Franklin]], [[Rolls-Royce Limited\|Rolls-Royce]], and [[Hispano-Suiza]]. Packard's 1912 "Double Six" is widely regarded as [[list of automotive superlatives\|the first]] production V12 engine.

	Postwar, the type lost favor in the United States, where the [[V8 engine]] became ubiquitous. Italian sports cars from such makers as [[Ferrari]] and [[Lamborghini]] used the V12 almost exclusively on their highest-performance vehicles, while [[Jaguar (car)\|Jaguar]] developed a [[Jaguar V12 engine\|V12]] that was put into production in [[1971]] and lasted until [[1997]], the first modern marque to use the engine in a four-door sedan/saloon. Ferrari's newest V12 (used in the [[Ferrari 599\|599]]) is based on the [[Enzo ~~Ferrari (car)~~\|Enzo Ferrari's]] engine. From 1973-1996, Ferrari also offered a flat 12 engine that was essentially a 180° V12.		Postwar, the type lost favor in the United States, where the [[V8 engine]] became ubiquitous. Italian sports cars from such makers as [[Ferrari]] and [[Lamborghini]] used the V12 almost exclusively on their highest-performance vehicles, while [[Jaguar (car)\|Jaguar]] developed a [[Jaguar V12 engine\|V12]] that was put into production in 1971 and lasted until 1997, the first modern marque to use the engine in a four-door sedan/saloon. Ferrari's newest V12 (used in the [[Ferrari 599\|599]]) is based on the [[Ferrari Enzo\|Enzo Ferrari's]] engine. From 1973-1996, Ferrari also offered a flat 12 engine that was essentially a 180° V12.

	German manufacturers [[Mercedes-Benz]] and [[BMW]] both introduced V12 designs in model year 1992 and 1988, respectively. The BMW-designed V12 also appears in [[Rolls-Royce Motors\|Rolls-Royce]] cars, while the Mercedes engine is also seen in [[Maybach]] cars. [[Aston Martin]] introduced a ([[Cosworth]]) V12 model in [[2000]], while Cadillac has contemplated re-introducing the V12 after 60 years with a version of their [[Cadillac Northstar ~~engine~~]].		German manufacturers [[Mercedes-Benz]] and [[BMW]] both introduced V12 designs in model year 1992 and 1988, respectively. The BMW-designed V12 also appears in [[Rolls-Royce Motors\|Rolls-Royce]] cars, while the Mercedes engine is also seen in [[Maybach]] cars. [[Aston Martin]] introduced a ([[Cosworth]]) V12 model in 2000, while Cadillac has contemplated re-introducing the V12 after 60 years with a version of their [[Cadillac Northstar Engine]].

	In 1997, [[Toyota]] equipped their [[Toyota_Century\|Century Limousine]] with a 5.0 L DOHC V-12 (model # 1GZ-FE), making it the first and only Japanese front-engine, rear-wheel drive production car equipped with a V12.		In 1997, [[Toyota]] equipped their [[Toyota_Century\|Century Limousine]] with a 5.0 L DOHC V-12 (model # 1GZ-FE), making it the first and only Japanese front-engine, rear-wheel drive production car equipped with a V12.
Line 106:		Line 106:

	== Auto racing ==		== Auto racing ==
	V12 engines used to be common in [[Formula One]] and [[endurance racing]]. Between [[1965]] and [[1980]], [[Ferrari]], [[Weslake]], [[Honda]], [[BRM]], [[Maserati]], [[Matra]], [[Alfa-Romeo]], [[Lamborghini]] and [[Tecno]] used 12-cylinder engines in Formula One, either V12 or [[Flat-12]], but the [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] ([[Cosworth]]) [[V8 (engine)\|V8]] had a slightly better power-to-weight ratio and less fuel consumption, thus it was more successful despite being less powerful than the best V12s. During the same era, V12 engines were superior to V8s in endurance racing, reduced vibrations giving better reliability. In the 1990s, Renault [[V10 engine]]s proved their superiority against the [[Ferrari]] and [[Honda]] V12s and the [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] V8. The last V12 engine in Formula One, was the [[Scuderia Ferrari\|Ferrari]] 044, in the Ferrari cars driven by [[Jean Alesi]] and [[Gerhard Berger]] in [[1995 Formula One season\|1995]].		V12 engines used to be common in [[Formula One]] and [[endurance racing]]. Between 1965 and 1980, [[Ferrari]], [[Weslake]], [[Honda]], [[BRM]], [[Maserati]], [[Matra]], [[Alfa-Romeo]], [[Lamborghini]] and [[Tecno]] used 12-cylinder engines in Formula One, either V12 or [[Flat-12]], but the [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] ([[Cosworth]]) [[V8 (engine)\|V8]] had a slightly better power-to-weight ratio and less fuel consumption, thus it was more successful despite being less powerful than the best V12s. During the same era, V12 engines were superior to V8s in endurance racing, reduced vibrations giving better reliability. In the 1990s, Renault [[V10 engine]]s proved their superiority against the [[Ferrari]] and [[Honda]] V12s and the [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] V8. The last V12 engine in Formula One, was the [[Scuderia Ferrari\|Ferrari]] 044, in the Ferrari cars driven by [[Jean Alesi]] and [[Gerhard Berger]] in [[1995 Formula One season\|1995]].

	At the [[Mondial de l'Automobile 2006\|Paris motor show 2006]] Peugeot presented a new racing car, as well as a luxury [[sedan\|saloon]] concept car, both called [[Peugeot 908\|908]] and fitted with a V12 Diesel engine producing around or even surpassing 700 DIN HP. This car will take part in the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]] 2007 race.		At the [[Mondial de l'Automobile 2006\|Paris motor show 2006]] Peugeot presented a new racing car, as well as a luxury [[sedan\|saloon]] concept car, both called [[Peugeot 908\|908]] and fitted with a V12 Diesel engine producing around or even surpassing 700 DIN HP. This car will take part in the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]] 2007 race.
Line 114:		Line 114:

	Mercedes (MTU) manufacture a line of V12 diesel engines for marine use. These engines commonly power craft up to about 100 [[tonne]]s in pairwise configurations and range in power from about 1 to 4 MW.		Mercedes (MTU) manufacture a line of V12 diesel engines for marine use. These engines commonly power craft up to about 100 [[tonne]]s in pairwise configurations and range in power from about 1 to 4 MW.

	~~== Tanks and other AFVs ==~~
	~~V12 is a common configuration for tank and other armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs). Some examples are:~~
	* German Maybach HL120TRM gasoline engine, used on World War II [[Pz Kpfw III]] and [[Pz Kpfw IV]] tanks.
	* Russian V-2 diesel engine, used on World War II [[T-34]], [[KV-1]] and [[IS-2]] tanks.

	== External links ==		== External links ==

Red marquis: /* Aviation */

2008-10-29T11:17:59Z

Aviation

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:17, 29 October 2008
Line 3:		Line 3:

	== Aviation ==		== Aviation ==
	V12 engines were first seen in aircraft. By the end of [[World War I]], the V12 configuration was a fairly popular one in the newest and largest fighters and bombers; V12 engines were produced by companies such as [[Renault]] and [[Sunbeam ~~(car)~~\|Sunbeam]]. Many ~~[[Zeppelin]]s~~ had V12 engines, from German manufacturers [[Maybach]] and [[Daimler]]. Various US companies produced the [[Liberty L-12]]; the [[Curtiss NC~~]] [[~~Flying ~~boat]]s~~, such as the first aircraft to make a [[transatlantic]] flight, the [[NC-4]], had a set of four V12 engines.		V12 engines were first seen in aircraft. By the end of World War I, the V12 configuration was a fairly popular one in the newest and largest fighters and bombers; V12 engines were produced by companies such as [[Renault]] and [[Sunbeam\|Sunbeam]]. Many Zeppelins had V12 engines, from German manufacturers [[Maybach]] and [[Daimler]]. Various US companies produced the Liberty L-12; the Curtiss NC Flying boats, such as the first aircraft to make a transatlantic flight, the NC-4, had a set of four V12 engines.

	A number of [[World War II~~]] [[fighter aircraft\|fighter]]s~~ and ~~[[bomber]]s~~ used V12 engines such as the [[Rolls-Royce Limited\|Rolls-Royce]] ~~[[Rolls-Royce Merlin\|~~ Merlin]], the [[Klimov VK-107]] or the ~~[[Allison V-1710 engine\|~~Allison V-1710]] on the Allied side, or the [[Daimler-Benz]] DB 600 on the German side, these engines were generating about 1,000 [[horsepower]] (0.75 MW) at the beginning of the War and about 1,500 horsepower (1.12 MW) at their ultimate evolution stage. The German DB 605D engine even reached 2000 hp (1.50 MW) with methanol-water injection. Their use disappeared quickly after the advent of the [[jet engine]].		A number of World War II fighters and bombers used V12 engines such as the [[Rolls-Royce Limited\|Rolls-Royce]] Merlin, the Klimov VK-107 or the Allison V-1710 on the Allied side, or the [[Daimler-Benz]] DB 600 on the German side, these engines were generating about 1,000 [[horsepower]] (0.75 MW) at the beginning of the War and about 1,500 horsepower (1.12 MW) at their ultimate evolution stage. The German DB 605D engine even reached 2000 hp (1.50 MW) with methanol-water injection. Their use disappeared quickly after the advent of the jet engine.

	== V12 road cars ==		== V12 road cars ==

Red marquis at 11:16, 29 October 2008

2008-10-29T11:16:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:16, 29 October 2008
Line 99:		Line 99:
	* [[Lincoln]] Continental (2002 concept)		* [[Lincoln]] Continental (2002 concept)
	* [[Peugeot 907\|Peugeot 907]] (Peugeot's first V12, 2004)		* [[Peugeot 907\|Peugeot 907]] (Peugeot's first V12, 2004)

	~~[[Category:Engines]]~~

	== Heavy trucks ==		== Heavy trucks ==
Line 128:		Line 126:
	{{Piston engine configurations}}		{{Piston engine configurations}}

	[[es:~~V12]]~~		[[Category:Engines]]
	~~[[fi:V12]]~~
	~~[[ja:V型12気筒]]~~
	~~[[pt:V12]]~~
	~~[[sv:V12~~]]

Red marquis: /* V12 road cars */

2008-10-29T11:15:05Z

V12 road cars

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 29 October 2008
Line 99:		Line 99:
	* [[Lincoln]] Continental (2002 concept)		* [[Lincoln]] Continental (2002 concept)
	* [[Peugeot 907\|Peugeot 907]] (Peugeot's first V12, 2004)		* [[Peugeot 907\|Peugeot 907]] (Peugeot's first V12, 2004)

			[[Category:Engines]]

	== Heavy trucks ==		== Heavy trucks ==

Red marquis at 03:44, 5 December 2006

2006-12-05T03:44:05Z

New page

A '''V12 engine''' is a [[V engine]] with 12 [[cylinder (engine)|cylinder]]s. Like a [[straight-6]], this configuration has perfect primary and [[secondary balance]] no matter which V angle is used and therefore needs no [[balance shaft]]s.
A V12, with two banks of six cylinders angled at 60° or 180° from each other, has even firing with power pulses delivered twice as often per revolution as, and is smoother than a [[straight-6]] because there is always positive net torque output, as with an engine with 7 or more cylinders. This allows for great refinement in a luxury car; in a racing car, the rotating parts can be made much lighter and thus more responsive, since there is no need to use counterweights on the crankshaft as is needed in a 90° V8 and less need for the inertial mass in a [[flywheel]] to smooth out the power delivery. In a large, heavy-duty engine, a V12 can run slower than smaller engines, prolonging engine life.

== Aviation ==
V12 engines were first seen in aircraft. By the end of [[World War I]], the V12 configuration was a fairly popular one in the newest and largest fighters and bombers; V12 engines were produced by companies such as [[Renault]] and [[Sunbeam (car)|Sunbeam]]. Many [[Zeppelin]]s had V12 engines, from German manufacturers [[Maybach]] and [[Daimler]]. Various US companies produced the [[Liberty L-12]]; the [[Curtiss NC]] [[Flying boat]]s, such as the first aircraft to make a [[transatlantic]] flight, the [[NC-4]], had a set of four V12 engines.

A number of [[World War II]] [[fighter aircraft|fighter]]s and [[bomber]]s used V12 engines such as the [[Rolls-Royce Limited|Rolls-Royce]] [[Rolls-Royce Merlin| Merlin]], the [[Klimov VK-107]] or the [[Allison V-1710 engine|Allison V-1710]] on the Allied side, or the [[Daimler-Benz]] DB 600 on the German side, these engines were generating about 1,000 [[horsepower]] (0.75 MW) at the beginning of the War and about 1,500 horsepower (1.12 MW) at their ultimate evolution stage. The German DB 605D engine even reached 2000 hp (1.50 MW) with methanol-water injection. Their use disappeared quickly after the advent of the [[jet engine]].

== V12 road cars ==
In [[automobiles]], V12 engines have never been common due to their complexity and cost. They are used almost exclusively in expensive sports cars and luxury cars and are sought after for their power and relatively vibration-free operation.

Prior to [[World War II]], twelve-cylinder engines were found in many luxury models, including cars from [[Cadillac (automobile)|Cadillac]], [[Packard]], [[Lincoln (automobile)|Lincoln]], [[Franklin (automobile)|Franklin]], [[Rolls-Royce Limited|Rolls-Royce]], and [[Hispano-Suiza]]. Packard's [[1912]] "Double Six" is widely regarded as [[list of automotive superlatives|the first]] production V12 engine.

Postwar, the type lost favor in the United States, where the [[V8 engine]] became ubiquitous. Italian sports cars from such makers as [[Ferrari]] and [[Lamborghini]] used the V12 almost exclusively on their highest-performance vehicles, while [[Jaguar (car)|Jaguar]] developed a [[Jaguar V12 engine|V12]] that was put into production in [[1971]] and lasted until [[1997]], the first modern marque to use the engine in a four-door sedan/saloon. Ferrari's newest V12 (used in the [[Ferrari 599|599]]) is based on the [[Enzo Ferrari (car)|Enzo Ferrari's]] engine. From 1973-1996, Ferrari also offered a flat 12 engine that was essentially a 180° V12.

German manufacturers [[Mercedes-Benz]] and [[BMW]] both introduced V12 designs in model year 1992 and 1988, respectively. The BMW-designed V12 also appears in [[Rolls-Royce Motors|Rolls-Royce]] cars, while the Mercedes engine is also seen in [[Maybach]] cars. [[Aston Martin]] introduced a ([[Cosworth]]) V12 model in [[2000]], while Cadillac has contemplated re-introducing the V12 after 60 years with a version of their [[Cadillac Northstar engine]].

In 1997, [[Toyota]] equipped their [[Toyota_Century|Century Limousine]] with a 5.0 L DOHC V-12 (model # 1GZ-FE), making it the first and only Japanese front-engine, rear-wheel drive production car equipped with a V12.

[[TVR]] made and tested a 7.7 L V12 called the [[TVR Speed Twelve engine|Speed Twelve]], reportedly making 800+ BHP naturally aspirated, but the project was scrapped after the car it was designed for was deemed too powerful for practical use.

A List of Postwar V12 Production Road Cars (Alphabetical by make, sub-sorted by year of introduction):
* [[Aston Martin DB7 Vantage]]
* [[Aston Martin Vanquish]]
* [[Aston Martin DB AR1]]
* [[Aston Martin DB9]]
* [[Edonis|B Engineering Edonis]]
* [[BMW 7 Series|BMW 750i/750iL/760i/760Li]]
* [[BMW 8 Series|BMW 850i/Ci/CSi]]
* [[Bugatti EB110]]
* [[Jaguar XJ|Daimler Double Six]]
* [[Ferrari 166]]
* [[Ferrari 195]]
* [[Ferrari 212]]
* [[Ferrari America|Ferrari 340/342]]
* [[Ferrari America|Ferrari 375/375 America]]
* [[Ferrari 250]]
* [[Ferrari America|Ferrari 410 Superamerica]]
* [[Ferrari America|Ferrari 400 Superamerica]]
* [[Ferrari 275]]
* [[Ferrari 330]]
* [[Ferrari America|Ferrari 500 Superfast]]
* [[Ferrari 365 California Spider]]
* [[Ferrari 365|Ferrari 365 GT 2+2]]
* [[Ferrari 365 GTC/GTS]]
* [[Ferrari Daytona|Ferrari 365 GTB/4 & 365 GTS/4 (Daytona)]]
* [[Ferrari 365 GTC/4]]
* [[Ferrari 365 GT4 2+2]]
* [[Ferrari 400|Ferrari 400i/412i]]
* [[Ferrari 456]]
* [[Ferrari F50]]
* [[Ferrari 550|Ferrari 550 Maranello/Barchetta Pininfarina]]
* [[Ferrari 575M Maranello|Ferrari 575M Maranello/Superamerica]]
* [[Ferrari Enzo Ferrari]]
* [[Ferrari 612 Scaglietti]]
* [[Ferrari 599|Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano]]
* [[Jaguar E-Type]]
* [[Jaguar XJ-S]]
* [[Jaguar XJ|Jaguar XJ12]]
* [[Jaguar XJR15]]
* [[Lamborghini 350GT]]
* [[Lamborghini 400GT]]
* [[Lamborghini Islero]]
* [[Lamborghini Miura]]
* [[Lamborghini Espada]]
* [[Lamborghini Jarama]]
* [[Lamborghini Countach]]
* [[Lamborghini Diablo]]
* [[Lamborghini Murcielago]]
* [[Lincoln Continental]]
* [[Lister Storm]]
* [[Maserati MC12]]
* [[Maybach 57 and 62]]
* [[McLaren F1]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz CL-Class|Mercedes-Benz CL600/CL65 AMG]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class|Mercedes-Benz S600/S65 AMG]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz SL-Class|Mercedes-Benz SL600/SL65 AMG]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz CLK-GTR]]
* [[Pagani Zonda]]
* [[Rolls-Royce Silver Seraph]]
* [[Rolls-Royce Park Ward]]
* [[Rolls-Royce Phantom]]
* [[Toyota Century#2nd Generation (1997–present)|Toyota Century]]
* [[TVR Cerbera Speed Twelve]] (never entered production)
* [[Vector M12]]
* [[Volga (automobile)|Volga]] V12 [[Coupe|Coupé]] (a one-off custom re-bodied [[BMW]] [[BMW 8 series|850]] with V12 engine; GAZ, the company manufacturing Volgas, has never offered or build a V12 for cars)

Sport-utilities:
* [[Audi Q7]] (a [[diesel|turbodiesel]] engine)
* [[Lamborghini LM002|Lamborghini LM002 SUV]]
* [[Volkswagen Touareg]] (technically a W-12)

Concept cars:
* [[Aston Martin]] Lagonda Rapide
* [[BMW]] Nazca M12 (a concept by Pininfarina)
* [[Cadillac Cien]]
* [[Fulgura Laraki|Laraki Fulgura]]
* [[Isdera]] Isdera Commendatore 112i
* [[Lincoln]] Continental (2002 concept)
* [[Peugeot 907|Peugeot 907]] (Peugeot's first V12, 2004)

== Heavy trucks ==
[[Tatra cars|Tatra]] uses a 17.6 L air-cooled [[turbocharger|turbo]] [[diesel engine|diesel]] V12 engine in many of their [[truck]]s, for instance the [[Tatra T813]] and [[Tatra T815]]. Some trucks have been fitted with twin V12s.

[[GMC Truck|GMC]] produced a large [[gasoline]]-burning V12 from 1960 to 1965 for trucks, the "Twin-Six"; it was basically GMC's large-capacity truck 351 V6, doubled, with four [[rocker cover]]s and four [[exhaust manifold]]s. 56 major parts are interchangeable between the Twin-Six and all other GMC V-6 engines to provide greater parts availability and standardization Its [[engine displacement]] was 702 in³ (11.5 L), and while [[Power (physics)|power]] was not too impressive at 250 SAE net horsepower (190 kW), [[torque]] was 585 lbf·ft (793 N·m). It was possibly the last gasoline engine used in heavy trucks in the United States.

== Auto racing ==
V12 engines used to be common in [[Formula One]] and [[endurance racing]]. Between [[1965]] and [[1980]], [[Ferrari]], [[Weslake]], [[Honda]], [[BRM]], [[Maserati]], [[Matra]], [[Alfa-Romeo]], [[Lamborghini]] and [[Tecno]] used 12-cylinder engines in Formula One, either V12 or [[Flat-12]], but the [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] ([[Cosworth]]) [[V8 (engine)|V8]] had a slightly better power-to-weight ratio and less fuel consumption, thus it was more successful despite being less powerful than the best V12s. During the same era, V12 engines were superior to V8s in endurance racing, reduced vibrations giving better reliability. In the 1990s, Renault [[V10 engine]]s proved their superiority against the [[Ferrari]] and [[Honda]] V12s and the [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] V8. The last V12 engine in Formula One, was the [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 044, in the Ferrari cars driven by [[Jean Alesi]] and [[Gerhard Berger]] in [[1995 Formula One season|1995]].

At the [[Mondial de l'Automobile 2006|Paris motor show 2006]] Peugeot presented a new racing car, as well as a luxury [[sedan|saloon]] concept car, both called [[Peugeot 908|908]] and fitted with a V12 Diesel engine producing around or even surpassing 700 DIN HP. This car will take part in the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]] 2007 race.

== Large diesel engines ==
V12 is a common configuration for large [[diesel engine]]s; most are available with differing numbers of cylinders in V configuration to offer a range of power ratings. Many [[diesel locomotive]]s have V12 engines.

Mercedes (MTU) manufacture a line of V12 diesel engines for marine use. These engines commonly power craft up to about 100 [[tonne]]s in pairwise configurations and range in power from about 1 to 4 MW.

== Tanks and other AFVs ==
V12 is a common configuration for tank and other armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs). Some examples are:
* German Maybach HL120TRM gasoline engine, used on World War II [[Pz Kpfw III]] and [[Pz Kpfw IV]] tanks.
* Russian V-2 diesel engine, used on World War II [[T-34]], [[KV-1]] and [[IS-2]] tanks.

== External links ==
* [http://www.jagweb.com/jagworld/v12-engine/index.html Technical history of the Jaguar V12]
* [http://www.6066gmcguy.org/ GMC 6066 "Twin 6" trucks]

{{Piston engine configurations}}

[[es:V12]]
[[fi:V12]]
[[ja:V型12気筒]]
[[pt:V12]]
[[sv:V12]]